EXERCISE TESTING
AND PRESCRIPTION
IN
CHILDREN, ELDERLY AND WOMEN
DR ASHILA PT
CHILDREN
EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION
• TYPE
• IN VERY YOUNG CHILDREN, ACTIVE PLAY AND
CREATIVE ACTIVITIES RATHER THAN EXERCISE
• VARIETY OF ACTIVITY THAT EXERCISE ALL MAJOR
MUSCLE GROUP
• SHOULD INCLUDE WEIGHT BEARING ACTIVITIES
• AEROBIC AND RESISTANCE TRAINING
• INTENSITY
• AEROBIC
• AT LEAST 30 MINUTES OF MODERATE INTENSITY IN
CHILDREN MORE THAN 6 YEARS OF AGE
EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION
• RESISTANCE TRAINING
• AVOID REPETITIVE USE OF MAXIMAL AMOUNTS OF
WEIGHT IN STRENGTH TRAINING PROGRAMS UNTIL
ADOLESCENCE
• WEIGHT LOADS THAT PERMIT EIGHT OR MORE
REPETITIONS PER SET
• HEAVY WEIGHTS CAN DAMAGE DEVELOPING SKELETAL
AND JOINT STRUCTURES
• RESISTANCE EXERCISE SHOULD NOT PERFORMED TO THE
POINT OF FATIGUE
• PROGRESS BY INCREASING THE REPETITION AND THEN
RESISTANCE
EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION
• DURATION
• RESISTANCE TRAINING
• 1 TO 2 SETS OF 8 TO 10 DIFFERENT EXERCISE
• 8 TO 12 REPETITIONS PER SET
• REST OF 1 TO 2 MINUTES BETWEEN EACH SET
• INTERSPERSE REST DAYS BETWEEN TRAINING DAYS
• FREQUENCY
• STRENGTH TRAINING TWICE PER WEEK
• OTHER FORMS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DAILY
ELDERLY
EXERCISE TESTING
• MEDICAL CLEARANCE IS NECESSARY
• STANDARD PROTOCOL OR WITH SOME MODIFICATIONS
• FOR LOW WORK CAPACITIES INITIAL WORKLOAD IS LOW – 2
TO 3 METS AND INCREMENTS 0.5 TO 1 METS
• HAND RAIL FOR BALANCE PROBLEMS AND WEAK MUSCLES
• TREADMILL SPEED ADJUSTED TO WALKING ABILITY
• CYCLE ERGOMETER PREFERRED FOR ELDERLY WITH
BALANCE, GAIT, COORDINATION, VISION PROBLEMS AND
REDUCED MUSCLE STRENGTH
EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION
• AEROBIC
• MODE
• WALKING
• STATIONARY CYCLE
• AQUATIC EXERCISE
• INTENSITY
• STARTS AT LOW AND GRADUALLY PROGRESS
• MODERATE INTENSITY OF 40% TO 60% PEAK HEART
RATE
• DURATION
• ONE 30 MINUTES SESSION OR THREE 10 MINUTES
SESSIONS
EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION
• FREQUENCY
• DAILY IN CASE OF LOW AND MODERATE INTENSITY
• 3 TIMES/WEEK IN CASE HIGH INTENSITY
• RESISTANCE TRAINING
• INTENSITY
• AT LEAST 1 SET OF 8 TO 10 REPETITIONS OF ALL
MAJOR MUSCLE GROUPS
• 10 TO 15 REPETITIONS
• RATING OF 12 TO 13 BORG’S RPE SCALE
• PROGRESS BY INCREASING NUMBER OF REPETITIONS
FIRST AND THEN RESISTANCE
PREGNANCY
ABSOLUTE CONTRAINDICATIONS
TO AEROBIC EXERCISE DURING
PREGNANCY
• HAEMODYNAMICALLY SIGNIFICANT HEART DISEASE
• RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASE
• INCOMPETENT CERVIX
• MULTIPLE GESTATION AT RISK FOR PREMATURE LABOUR
• PERSISTENT SECOND OR THIRD TRIMESTER BLEEDING
• PLACENTA PRAEVIA AFTER 26 WEEKS GESTATION
• PREMATURE LABOUR DURING THE CURRENT PREGNANCY
• RUPTURED MEMBRANES
• PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION
RELATIVE CONTRAINDICATIONS
TO AEROBIC EXERCISE DURING
PREGNANCY
• SEVERE ANAEMIA
• UNEVALUATED MATERNAL CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA
• CHRONIC BRONCHITIS
• POORLY CONTROLLED TYPE I DIABETES
• EXTREME MORBID OBESITY
• EXTREME UNDERWEIGHT (BODY MASS INDEX <12)
• HISTORY OF EXTREMELY SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE
RELATIVE
CONTRAINDICATIONS TO
AEROBIC EXERCISE DURING
PREGNANCY
• INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION IN CURRENT
PREGNANCY
• POORLY CONTROLLED HYPERTENSION/PRE-ECLAMPSIA
• ORTHOPAEDIC LIMITATIONS
• POORLY CONTROLLED SEIZURE DISORDER
• POORLY CONTROLLED THYROID DISEASE
• HEAVY SMOKER
WARNING SIGNS TO
TERMINATE EXERCISE WHILE
PREGNANT
• VAGINAL BLEEDING
• DYSPNOEA BEFORE EXERTION
• DIZZINESS
• HEADACHE
• CHEST PAIN
• MUSCLE WEAKNESS
• CALF PAIN OR SWELLING (NEED TO RULE OUT
THROMBOPHLEBITIS)
• PRETERM LABOUR
• DECREASED FETAL MOVEMENT
• AMNIOTIC FLUID LEAKAGE
MEDICAL SCREENING BEFORE
EXERCISE
• THE OVERALL HEALTH, OBSTETRIC, AND MEDICAL RISKS SHOULD
BE REVIEWED BEFORE A PREGNANT WOMAN IS PRESCRIBED AN
EXERCISE PROGRAMME
• IN THE ABSENCE OF CONTRAINDICATIONS, A PREGNANT WOMAN
SHOULD BE ENCOURAGED TO ENGAGE IN REGULAR, MODERATE
INTENSITY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
• WILL DERIVE THE SAME ASSOCIATED HEALTH BENEFITS DURING
PREGNANCY AS BEFORE PREGNANCY.
EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION
• TYPE
• AEROBIC
• WALKING
• STATIONARY CYCLING
• SWIMMING
• RESISTANCE
• 10-12 MUSCLE GROUPS
• ISOMETRIC
• FLEXIBILITY
EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION
• INTENSITY
• MODERATE
• 3-4 MET’S
• 80-90% OF MHR IN PREVIOUSLY TRAINED WOMEN
• 60-70% OF MHR IN PREVIOUSLY UNTRAINED WOMEN
• RATING OF 12-14 (SOMEWHAT HARD) IN 6-20 BORG’S PRE
SCALE
• DURATION
• 30 MINUTES
• FREQUENCY
• DAILY

EXERCISE TESTING AND PRESCRIPTION IN.pptx

  • 1.
    EXERCISE TESTING AND PRESCRIPTION IN CHILDREN,ELDERLY AND WOMEN DR ASHILA PT
  • 2.
  • 3.
    EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION • TYPE •IN VERY YOUNG CHILDREN, ACTIVE PLAY AND CREATIVE ACTIVITIES RATHER THAN EXERCISE • VARIETY OF ACTIVITY THAT EXERCISE ALL MAJOR MUSCLE GROUP • SHOULD INCLUDE WEIGHT BEARING ACTIVITIES • AEROBIC AND RESISTANCE TRAINING • INTENSITY • AEROBIC • AT LEAST 30 MINUTES OF MODERATE INTENSITY IN CHILDREN MORE THAN 6 YEARS OF AGE
  • 4.
    EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION • RESISTANCETRAINING • AVOID REPETITIVE USE OF MAXIMAL AMOUNTS OF WEIGHT IN STRENGTH TRAINING PROGRAMS UNTIL ADOLESCENCE • WEIGHT LOADS THAT PERMIT EIGHT OR MORE REPETITIONS PER SET • HEAVY WEIGHTS CAN DAMAGE DEVELOPING SKELETAL AND JOINT STRUCTURES • RESISTANCE EXERCISE SHOULD NOT PERFORMED TO THE POINT OF FATIGUE • PROGRESS BY INCREASING THE REPETITION AND THEN RESISTANCE
  • 5.
    EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION • DURATION •RESISTANCE TRAINING • 1 TO 2 SETS OF 8 TO 10 DIFFERENT EXERCISE • 8 TO 12 REPETITIONS PER SET • REST OF 1 TO 2 MINUTES BETWEEN EACH SET • INTERSPERSE REST DAYS BETWEEN TRAINING DAYS • FREQUENCY • STRENGTH TRAINING TWICE PER WEEK • OTHER FORMS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DAILY
  • 6.
  • 7.
    EXERCISE TESTING • MEDICALCLEARANCE IS NECESSARY • STANDARD PROTOCOL OR WITH SOME MODIFICATIONS • FOR LOW WORK CAPACITIES INITIAL WORKLOAD IS LOW – 2 TO 3 METS AND INCREMENTS 0.5 TO 1 METS • HAND RAIL FOR BALANCE PROBLEMS AND WEAK MUSCLES • TREADMILL SPEED ADJUSTED TO WALKING ABILITY • CYCLE ERGOMETER PREFERRED FOR ELDERLY WITH BALANCE, GAIT, COORDINATION, VISION PROBLEMS AND REDUCED MUSCLE STRENGTH
  • 8.
    EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION • AEROBIC •MODE • WALKING • STATIONARY CYCLE • AQUATIC EXERCISE • INTENSITY • STARTS AT LOW AND GRADUALLY PROGRESS • MODERATE INTENSITY OF 40% TO 60% PEAK HEART RATE • DURATION • ONE 30 MINUTES SESSION OR THREE 10 MINUTES SESSIONS
  • 9.
    EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION • FREQUENCY •DAILY IN CASE OF LOW AND MODERATE INTENSITY • 3 TIMES/WEEK IN CASE HIGH INTENSITY • RESISTANCE TRAINING • INTENSITY • AT LEAST 1 SET OF 8 TO 10 REPETITIONS OF ALL MAJOR MUSCLE GROUPS • 10 TO 15 REPETITIONS • RATING OF 12 TO 13 BORG’S RPE SCALE • PROGRESS BY INCREASING NUMBER OF REPETITIONS FIRST AND THEN RESISTANCE
  • 10.
  • 11.
    ABSOLUTE CONTRAINDICATIONS TO AEROBICEXERCISE DURING PREGNANCY • HAEMODYNAMICALLY SIGNIFICANT HEART DISEASE • RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASE • INCOMPETENT CERVIX • MULTIPLE GESTATION AT RISK FOR PREMATURE LABOUR • PERSISTENT SECOND OR THIRD TRIMESTER BLEEDING • PLACENTA PRAEVIA AFTER 26 WEEKS GESTATION • PREMATURE LABOUR DURING THE CURRENT PREGNANCY • RUPTURED MEMBRANES • PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION
  • 12.
    RELATIVE CONTRAINDICATIONS TO AEROBICEXERCISE DURING PREGNANCY • SEVERE ANAEMIA • UNEVALUATED MATERNAL CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA • CHRONIC BRONCHITIS • POORLY CONTROLLED TYPE I DIABETES • EXTREME MORBID OBESITY • EXTREME UNDERWEIGHT (BODY MASS INDEX <12) • HISTORY OF EXTREMELY SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE
  • 13.
    RELATIVE CONTRAINDICATIONS TO AEROBIC EXERCISEDURING PREGNANCY • INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION IN CURRENT PREGNANCY • POORLY CONTROLLED HYPERTENSION/PRE-ECLAMPSIA • ORTHOPAEDIC LIMITATIONS • POORLY CONTROLLED SEIZURE DISORDER • POORLY CONTROLLED THYROID DISEASE • HEAVY SMOKER
  • 14.
    WARNING SIGNS TO TERMINATEEXERCISE WHILE PREGNANT • VAGINAL BLEEDING • DYSPNOEA BEFORE EXERTION • DIZZINESS • HEADACHE • CHEST PAIN • MUSCLE WEAKNESS • CALF PAIN OR SWELLING (NEED TO RULE OUT THROMBOPHLEBITIS) • PRETERM LABOUR • DECREASED FETAL MOVEMENT • AMNIOTIC FLUID LEAKAGE
  • 15.
    MEDICAL SCREENING BEFORE EXERCISE •THE OVERALL HEALTH, OBSTETRIC, AND MEDICAL RISKS SHOULD BE REVIEWED BEFORE A PREGNANT WOMAN IS PRESCRIBED AN EXERCISE PROGRAMME • IN THE ABSENCE OF CONTRAINDICATIONS, A PREGNANT WOMAN SHOULD BE ENCOURAGED TO ENGAGE IN REGULAR, MODERATE INTENSITY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY • WILL DERIVE THE SAME ASSOCIATED HEALTH BENEFITS DURING PREGNANCY AS BEFORE PREGNANCY.
  • 16.
    EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION • TYPE •AEROBIC • WALKING • STATIONARY CYCLING • SWIMMING • RESISTANCE • 10-12 MUSCLE GROUPS • ISOMETRIC • FLEXIBILITY
  • 17.
    EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION • INTENSITY •MODERATE • 3-4 MET’S • 80-90% OF MHR IN PREVIOUSLY TRAINED WOMEN • 60-70% OF MHR IN PREVIOUSLY UNTRAINED WOMEN • RATING OF 12-14 (SOMEWHAT HARD) IN 6-20 BORG’S PRE SCALE • DURATION • 30 MINUTES • FREQUENCY • DAILY