This document provides information about various flora and fauna found on a university campus. It discusses the Ixora plant, which is a genus of tropical trees and shrubs native to Asia. It also describes the Royal Palm tree, which can grow up to 80 feet tall and is found in tropical and subtropical regions. Additionally, it summarizes details on domestic dogs and pigeons, including their evolutionary history and relationship to wolves and rock doves respectively. Finally, it briefly outlines the Sciuridae family of squirrels, their worldwide distribution, and earliest fossil records dating back to the Eocene epoch.

1. INSTITUTE OF COMMERCE, NIRMA UNIVERSITY
TOPIC-: FLORA AND FAUNA AT UNIVERSITY CAMPUS
Submitted by-: Yash Bajaj (IC211282)
Semester 3(B)
Submitted To-: Prof. Hridyaraj Bharti

2. Ixora is a genus of flowering plants in the Rubiaceae family. It is the only genus in the
Ixoreae tribe. It contains approximately 544 species of tropical evergreen trees and
shrubs. Though native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, Tropical
Asia is the centre of diversity. Ixora is also common in subtropical climates in the United
States, particularly in Florida, where it is known as West Indian jasmine. Viruchi,
kiskaara, kepale, rangan, kheme, ponna, chann tanea, techi, pan, siantan, jarum-
jarum/jejarum, jungle flame, jungle geranium, and cruz de Malta are some other
common names.

3. Roystonea regia, also known as the Cuban royal palm or the Florida royal palm, is a
palm species native to Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and southern Florida. It
is a large and attractive palm that has been planted as an ornamental tree throughout
the tropics and subtropics. Although the species is sometimes called R. elata, the
conserved name R. regia is now the correct name. The royal palm can grow to be 50 to
80 feet tall. Populations in Cuba and Florida were previously considered separate
species, but are now considered one.

4. The dog (Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris is a domesticated wolf
descendant. The dog is descended from an extinct wolf, and the modern
wolf is the dog's closest living relative. The dog was the first species to
be domesticated by hunter-gatherers over 15,000 years ago, before
agriculture was developed. Dogs have expanded to a large number of
domestic individuals as a result of their long association with humans,
and they have developed the ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet that
would be insufficient for other canids.

5. The domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica) is a subspecies
of pigeon descended from the rock dove (also called the rock
pigeon). The world's oldest domesticated bird is the rock pigeon.
Domestication of pigeons is mentioned in Mesopotamian
cuneiform tablets and Egyptian hieroglyphics dating back more
than 5,000 years. According to research, pigeons were
domesticated as early as 10,000 years ago.Pigeons have made
significant contributions to humanity, particularly during times of
war.Pigeons' homing ability has been used in warfare by making
them messengers. Many vital messages have been delivered by
so-called war pigeons, and some have been decorated for their
efforts. Medals such as the Croix de Guerre, which was given to
Cher Ami, and the Dickin Medal.

6. Squirrels are members of the Sciuridae family, which also includes small and
medium-sized rodents. Tree squirrels, ground squirrels (including chipmunks
and prairie dogs), and flying squirrels are all members of the squirrel family.
Squirrels are native to the Americas, Eurasia, and Africa, and humans brought
them to Australia. The earliest known fossilised squirrels date from the Eocene
epoch, and squirrels are most closely related to the mountain beaver and the
dormice among other living rodent families.

7. THANK YOU