types of species human races in the world

2.  Races are populations of a single species
that have diverged, or become slightly
separate, from each other.
 Different races do not usually mate with each
other.
Genetic isolation between races is not
complete, but genetic differences may have
accumulated that are not (yet) sufficient to
separate species.

3.  Anthropologists see races as temporary,
changing phenomena, products of genetic
processes and natural selection.
 Scientists point of view about Races:
Hooton (1926) - essentialist concept
group sharing certain combination of features,
derived from their common descent
Mayr (1969) - taxonomic concept

4. Mayr (1969) - taxonomic concept
phenotypically similar, differing taxonomically
Dobzhansky (1970) - population concept
genetically distinct Mendelian populations
Montagu (1972) - genetical context
differs in the frequency of some gene or genes
Templeton (1998) - lineage concept
evolutionary lineage within a species, genetically
differentiated due to barriers occurring in
genetic exchange that have persisted for long
periods

5.  For example spotted owls in the west are
divided into three races: the Northern race,
California race and Mexican race. Each race
is geographically separated from the others.

6.  1) Mutation
 2) Natural selection
 3) Genetic Drift
 4) Migration
 5) Isolation
 6) Hybridization
 7) Sexual selection
 8) Social Selection

7. 1) Phenotypic Traits
Indefinite Physical (Phenotypic) Traits
Definite Physical (Phenotypic) Traits
2) Genotypic Traits
Blood Groups
Dermatoglyphics
Hemoglobin variants

8.  In 1951, Ashley Montagu proposed a
classification, which was accepted by
manyanthropologists. He used skin colour,
hair form and head form.
 He classifiedmankind into three main groups,
viz.1) Negroid 2) Mongoloid and 3)
Caucasoid.
 He further pointed out that another division
which is larger than an ethnic group may be
distinguished as Australoid.

11. Distribution: Caucasoid includes people from Europe, North
Africa, the Horn of Africa, Western Asia (the Middle East), parts
of Central Asia and South Asia. The term Caucasian was
initially a geographical term denoting the Caucasus region
(Caucasia) of central Eurasia.
Distribution: Mongoloid group has vast and diverse
geographical distribution and so “Asian” seems to be more
suitable term for them.
Distribution: Africa, Southern Sahara, South and Southeast Asia.
Distribution: Australia, Mariginal area of India, Oceania,
Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia.

12.  A species is a group of organisms that share a
genetic heritage, are able to interbreed, and to
create offspring that are also fertile.
 Different species are separated from each other
by reproductive barriers. These barriers can be
geographical, such as a mountain range
separating two populations, or genetic barriers
that do not allow for reproduction between the
two populations.

13.  Polar bears and Grizzlies = Prizzly, Grolar
 Dogs and Wolves

14.  Modern man evolved over a period
approximately 2 million years ago.
 Over time, different human species with
different characteristics have existed on
Earth, but not all species of humans have
survived the journey with many of them
becoming extinct. The only human species
left is Homo sapiens.

15.  1. Homo gautengensis
 2. Homo habilis
 3. Homo ergaster
 4. Homo erectus
 5. Homo rudolfensis
 6. Homo antecessor
 7.Homo heidelbergensis
 8.Homo rhodensiensis


16.  9.Homo Rudolfensis
 10. Homo neanderthalensis
 11.Denisova hominin (Denisovan)
 12.Red Deer Cave people

 13.Homo Sapiens

17. QUESTIONS?
THANK YOU