Donate blood and save lives.

2. Presented by-
Monir Ahmed
BSc, MS

3. • Imagine your father has just suffered a heart
attack and requires blood transfusion to undergo
open-heart surgery
• Imagine your little nephew or niece baby was
born with a blood disorder and required
periodic blood transfusions in order to have a
chance at survival.
• Imagine your best friend has just met with an
accident and requires at least 4-5 blood
transfusions to compensate the blood loss
What if?

4. Naturally you'd want to do everything in your
power to help.
There is one way you can help.
That is -
Donate Blood!
‘YOU’ - The Saviour!

5. Historical aspects
 1492 - Blood was taken from three young men & given to
Pope Innocent VII to cure him.
 1616 - William Harvey described how blood is circulated
throughout the body.
 1667 - First successful human blood transfusion.
 1800 - Blood transfunsions banned bcos few people
survived
 Braxton Hicks 1869 – Sodium Phosphate as a nontoxic
anticoagulant.
 Karl Landsteiner 1901 – ABO blood gr. System.
 World War II - establishment of blood banks by the American
Red Cross in 1947.

6. Situation in Bangladesh
 About 500,000 units of blood required
annually, but three quarter of which are met
from-
 voluntary donation – 25%
 friends and relatives – 45-50%
 professional paid donors – 25-30%

7. Did You Know?
• More than a million maternal death occurs due to
haemorrhage and half of which could have been
prevented by blood transfusion.
• Severe Road traffic accidents kill 1.2 million people
and injure or disable about 30 million more a year and
90% of which may have been saved by blood
transfusion.
• Every year approximately 85.6 million people need
single or multiple blood transfusions for life saving
treatment.
• Worldwide over 88 million units of blood are collected
annually. But not enough for the 7 billion world
population, which requires 150 million units annually.

8. Did You Know?
 350ml of blood can save as many as three lives.
 Every second, someone in the world needs blood.
 One out of every four of us will need blood in our life time.
 Only 5% of the eligible population donates blood in any given
year around the world.
 Even with all of today’s technology, there is no substitute for
blood.
 Someone has to give blood in order for
someone to receive blood.

9. Do you know that..
 Hospitals predict that the need for blood will
increase 5% each year.
 High levels of voluntary blood donors per 1,000
population figures are Switzerland (113/1,000),
Japan (70/1,000), while India has 4/1,000 and
Bangladesh has 5/1000. Around 362,000 units of
blood were collected in Bangladesh in 2009, of
which only 29% were from voluntary donors.
 85% of donors donate only ONCE per year
If they donated just two to three times per year there
would never be any shortages.

10. Do you know that..
 A 70 kg person has 5 litres of blood in his/her body
(70 ml/kg).
 A person can donate blood every 90 days (3 months).
 Body recovers the Blood very quickly:
 Blood plasma volume– within 24 - 48 hours
 Red Blood Cells – in about 3 weeks
 Platelets & White Blood Cells – within minutes

11. Do you know that..
3 out of 10 patients who need blood do not get it because
there is not enough supply
Blood from a paid donor is 3 times more likely to have
transmissible diseases such as malaria, syphilis, hepatitis B
or C, or AIDS

12.  Nearly 1 out of 10 hospital patients needs a
blood transfusion
 More than half a million lives are saved by blood
transfusions each year in Bangladesh.
Blood is always needed for:
 accident victims
 cancer patients
 blood disorder patients
 surgery patients
 Pre-mature, pre term babies
 and many others…….
Some Reasons to Donate Blood

13. WHOLE BLOOD
Effects:
1 unit of whole blood (350ml) –
↑ Hb by about 0.75 gm/dl.
In pediatric patients, 8ml/kg of W.B. –
↑ Hb by about 1 gm/dl.

14. Our Primary Concern -
• Safety of Blood Donor & Blood Recipient (patient)
because “Safe Blood” gives life, “Unsafe blood” gives
infections
• To ensure “Blood Safety”,
– Strict “Donor Screening” at the Camp
– “Testing” of collected blood to WHO specified standards
– Strict “cross-matching” of blood samples to ensure safe
transfusion to patient

15. Pre-Donation information
• It is quick and safe.
• It doesn’t hurt.
• It saves 3 to 4 lives.
• Preference should be given to Voluntary Donors
• Using sterile, disposable blood bags & instruments
• Donated Blood is tested and separated into components
benefiting 3-4 patients
• It is safe to donate blood in every 3 months

16. Procedure for
Voluntary Blood Donation
Pre-Donation:
1. Donor Screening
2. Donor Eligibility criteria
3. Deferral Criteria (Donor Consent Form)
4. Medical examination
Blood Donation:
5. Blood donation procedure
Post donation
6. Rest, advice & refreshment
7. Donor Certificate, Donor ID card

17. • Safe Donor selection involves –
1. Identification of low risk populations
2. Donor education and recruitment
3. Encouraging self deferral based on “Deferral Criteria”
4. Medical Examination before donation
• Voluntary Non-remunerated Repeat Donor
(VNRD) is safest
Donor Screening

18. Donor Eligibility Criteria
• Who can donate?
• Age: 18 - 60 years
• Weight: > 45 kgs
• Hemoglobin level: >12 gms/dl
• Body temperature not more than 37◦C
• Pulse regular, rate between 60-100/min
• BP between 90-160 systolic and 60-100 diastolic
• Not taking medicines for HT, DM, IHD
Wt > 45 Kg

19. Deferral Criteria
Who CANNOT donate?
Life long 1 year 6 Months
х Abnormal bleeding disorder
х Heart, Kidney, Liver
Disorder
х Thyroid disorder
х Epilepsy, Mental disorders
х Tuberculosis, Leprosy,
х Asthma
х Cancer
х Insulin dependent diabetics
х Uncontrolled High BP
o Surgery
o Typhoid
o Dog bite
o Unexplained wt loss
o Continuous low
grade fever
o Tattoo or body
piercing
o Dental extraction
o Root canal treatment
o Malaria
o Vaccination

20. Female donors cannot donate blood……
• During pregnancy
• After delivery for one year
• When lactating
• During menstrual period and for 7 days therafter
Male donors cannot donate blood……
• If cosumed alcohol in the previous 24 hours
Deferral Criteria…
(continued)

21. Medical Examination at camp
• Blood test for:
– Blood grouping
– Hemoglobin
• Blood pressure
• Pulse
• General physical examination

22. Post Donation Advice
• Drink lots of fluids for next 24 hours
• Avoid smoking for one hour & alcohol till after a meal
• Don’t use elevator to go up immediately after donation as it will
make blood rush to your feet & make you dizzy!
• Avoid highly strenuous exercises & games for a day
• If you feel dizzy, lie down & put your feet up. You will be alright
in 10-20 mins.
• Remove band-aid after 2-4 hours.

23. Testing at Blood Bank
Transfusion Transmissible Infections (TTIs)
Blood collected at the camp are always tested for 5
major TTIs
• HIV 1 & HIV 2
• Hepatitis B
• Hepatitis C
• Syphilis
• Malaria

24. Blood Products/Components & their uses
Blood collected is screened for TTIs (infections) & IF
SAFE, is separated into components & stored for issue
A.) Whole blood
– For Exchange Transfusion in Babies
– Accident Victims
– Complicated Delivery cases
– Some specific surgeries

25. B.) Blood Components
Red Cells: for anemia
Fresh Frozen Plasma: for clotting disorders, burns
Platelets/Platelet rich plasma: for cancer, dengue
Cryoprecipitate: for clotting disorders
Cryo-Poor Plasma: for burns
Blood Products/Components & their uses
(continued)

26. What can YOU do?
• Make Blood Donation a HABIT
• Donate regularly – every 3 months to commemorate
special days like birthdays, anniversaries ….
• Motivate others to donate
• Refer your friends and relatives

27. Benefits to Donor of blood
donation
Health benefits:
Regular donation (2-3 times a year….)
– Lowers cholesterol
– Decreases incidence of heart attacks, strokes
Donor is also eligible to receive one FREE unit of blood if
needed for
– Self
– Spouse/ Child/ Parents, and
– Even friends

28. Different researches has demonstrated that repeated
blood donation is effective in reducing
Blood pressure,
Blood glucose,
HbA1c,
Low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein
ratio, and
Heart rate.
Benefits to Donor of blood
donation

29. The first and foremost advantage of
donating blood is the exalted feeling of
saving someone's life
Benefits to Donor of blood
donation

30. Increase in blood iron level increases the chance of heart
disease.
Increases blood iron level favors the process of cholesterol
oxidation and thus leads to heart disease. Regular blood
donation helps especially males in loosing iron on regular
basis.
It helps in reducing the chance of heart attack to one third.
Reduce the chance of heart
diseases

31. As the blood is withdrawn from the donors body there is
decrease in blood cells.
To replenish it, immediately new cells are produced by
marrow and this way blood gets refreshed.
Therefore donating blood helps in stimulating generation
of new blood cells.
Enhance the production of
new Red Blood Cells

32. Hemochromatosis is a iron overload disorder wherein iron
accumulates in the body tissue because or improper iron
metabolism.
This condition may lead to organ damage.
People with little iron overload can easily donate blood and
reduce their iron content.
Helps in fighting Hemochromatosis

33. One can diet or remain fit by donating blood regularly.
One pint of blood (350 ml) when donated burns 650
calories in donor’s body.
Blood donation also sheds extra calories and reduces blood
cholesterol level.
Burns calories

34. It has been mentioned in various sites though not proved
that people in good health have reported feeling invigorated
or reenergized by giving blood on a regular basis.
Invigorated feeling

35. A donor gets a mini health checkup done before
donating blood
Hematocrit i.e. Hb level test,
Blood pressure is measured,
Body weight is checked.
After the blood is collected it is tested for 6 major diseases.
Donor is immediately informed if any of these test found
to be positive.
Basic tests are done

36. Homogeneous blood donation is correlated with lower risks
of cancers.
According to the Miller-Keystone Blood Center, including
liver, lung, colon, stomach and throat cancers.
Risk levels dropped is related to the frequency of blood
donation.
Reduce Cancer Risk

37. There are no major disadvantages of donating blood, except
that sometimes one may experience a drop in blood
pressure due to hypovolemia (a state of reduced blood
volume), which may necessitate cancellation of donation.
Sometimes, one may also experience mild nausea or
dizziness for a short while.
Disadvantages of blood donation

38. No One Should Die Without Blood Donation.No One Should Die Without Blood Donation.
Lets make a promise