Euthanasia – assisted suicide
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Euthanasia, also known as mercy killing, is the deliberate ending of a person's life to relieve suffering from an incurable disease. It is a highly controversial topic debated around whether a human should have the right to physician-assisted suicide. While legal in three U.S. states, it remains debated due to concerns it could be abused or devalue human life, while proponents argue it allows patients to die with dignity on their own terms without unnecessary pain or suffering. The debate in the U.S. intensified after Dr. Jack Kevorkian carried out many assisted suicides, believing patients had a right to choose this option, though he was eventually charged with murder.
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This document discusses euthanasia, including its history, types, legality in different places, and religious views. It defines euthanasia as intentionally ending a life to relieve suffering and outlines types like passive vs. active and voluntary vs. involuntary. The document also summarizes several notable euthanasia cases and concludes by stating that while most religions oppose euthanasia, views vary significantly in different faiths and countries have different laws regarding its legalization.
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This document summarizes Jewish medical ethics perspectives on various issues from stem cell research to end of life decisions based on teachings from major Jewish scholars. It discusses the halachic views on topics like stem cell research, genetic screening, organ donation and transplantation, reproductive issues, plastic surgery, and end of life care. Rabbinic authorities discussed include Rav Moshe Feinstein, Rav Yosef Kairo, Rav Moshe Isserles, and others.
Stem cell research
This document summarizes stem cell research projects conducted by Dr. Mohammad Abbas at King Abdulaziz University. It outlines 5 research groups: 1) Isolation and characterization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from osteoarthritis patients, 2) Effect of heat shock on bone marrow MSCs from OA patients, 3) Evaluation of ex-vivo cartilage regeneration using MSCs from OA patients, 4) Impact of MSCs impregnated with cartilage paste on repairing cartilage defects in rabbits, and 5) Impact of a hyaluronic acid scaffold impregnated with MSCs and cartilage paste on surgically induced arthritis in rabbits. Additional research includes studies on the effects of catecholamines and NSAIDs
Stem Cell Research: Trends and Perspectives on the Evolving International Lan...
This report was jointly prepared by EuroStemCell, Kyoto University’s Institute for Integrated Cell-Material\Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), and Elsevier. It presents the results of a study that uses publication output metrics to gain a bird’s-eye view of the stem cell field, both overall and specifically with regard to embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. While it is beyond the scope of this study to provide in-depth policy analysis or recommendations, we have drawn on expert input across the field to illustrate areas to which the data may relate, including national policies, regulations, funding strategies, and research practices.
Stem Cell Research
Stem cells can become any cell type in the body and may help cure diseases like diabetes and sickle cell anemia. Early research harvested stem cells from embryos, killing the potential child, but scientists have since developed methods using skin cells, introducing viruses to change them into stem cells which could cause cancer. Recent research removed cancer-causing genes when testing stem cells on mice with sickle cell anemia, curing them without cancer developing. Ethical debates remain around using embryonic stem cells or risking cancer from other methods.
Stem Cell Research
Stem cell research involves two main types of stem cells - embryonic stem cells found in embryos and induced pluripotent stem cells created by reprogramming adult cells. The document outlines key researchers in the field including Leroy Stevens who discovered stem cells and Shinya Yamanaka who discovered induced pluripotent stem cells. It discusses the pros and cons of each type of stem cell and potential applications to treat diseases like Alzheimer's, heart disease, and diabetes. The document concludes by recommending increased focus on induced pluripotent stem cells to avoid ethical debates and pushing for more funding and research efforts going forward.
ORGAN AND BODY DONATION
Organ and body donation can save lives by providing organs for transplant or bodies for medical research and education. There is a shortage of organs, with an average of 19 people dying each day waiting for a transplant. To be an organ donor, one must inform family of their wishes who can then notify doctors. Organs can be donated after death or a living donor may donate a kidney. While organ donation can save lives, there are some limitations in choosing recipients or donating organs and bodies simultaneously.
Stem Cell Research (HED 100)
The document discusses stem cell research and covers topics like the discovery of human embryonic stem cells in 1998, what stem cells are, the potential medical applications of stem cell therapies, the ethical debates around stem cell research, and key terms related to stem cells and research techniques. It also provides questions for stem cell scientists and videos for further information.
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Euthanasia - facts and not covering the ethical aspects
Euthanasia - facts and not covering the ethical aspects
Stem Cell Research: Trends and Perspectives on the Evolving International Lan...
Stem Cell Research: Trends and Perspectives on the Evolving International Lan...
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Module 5 Euthanasia, Physician Assisted Suicide and The Righ.docx
This document discusses euthanasia, physician-assisted suicide, and the right to die movement. It defines key terms, outlines religious views on the topics, and summarizes several prominent right-to-die cases in the US including Karen Ann Quinlan, Nancy Cruzan, and Terri Schiavo. The document also discusses objections from the medical community to assisted suicide, Dr. Kevorkian's approach, policies on assisted death in the Netherlands and Oregon, and the current status of these issues in the US.
Euthanasia
Euthanasia refers to the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable disease or condition. It aims to prevent prolonged suffering and can be voluntary, non-voluntary, or involuntary. It is currently legal in some locations like the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Oregon, Washington, and Montana under certain conditions like being terminally ill with less than six months to live. While it remains controversial, proponents argue that as humans we should be able to choose how we die if incurably ill just as we can choose how to live.
Ethical Perspectives on Dying
1) The document discusses a debate between Professor Joe Collier who argues for legalizing assisted dying and Professor John Wyatt who argues against it.
2) Collier believes that terminally ill, mentally competent adults should have the choice of an assisted death with proper safeguards. He cites surveys showing most people support this and claims assisted dying already covertly happens.
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Euthanasia refers to intentionally ending a patient's life to relieve suffering. There are several types including active euthanasia by taking steps to cause death and passive euthanasia by withdrawing treatment. Arguments for euthanasia include relieving pain and allowing autonomy, while arguments against include devaluing life and risks of non-voluntary euthanasia. Islam views life as sacred and forbids deliberately ending life. The Terri Schiavo case involved removing her feeding tube against her parents' wishes, causing international debate around end of life issues and patients' rights.
A Controversial Outlook on Death and Dying
This document discusses different perspectives on death and dying, including euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. It begins by explaining how medicine has helped prolong life but some choose euthanasia. There are two types of euthanasia: passive involves letting a patient die naturally, while active directly causes death. Physician-assisted suicide allows doctors to provide means for patients to end their lives. The document outlines laws and debates around these topics, including Brittany Maynard's choice of physician-assisted suicide. It concludes that though complex, death choices are ultimately personal decisions.
End of Life From My Side of The Gurney | Dr. Brian Goldman
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This document summarizes a talk on end of life issues in healthcare. It discusses the aging population in Canada, the rise of chronic diseases, lack of access to primary care resulting in overcrowded ERs. It covers challenges around DNR orders and medical futility. It also discusses debates around doctor assisted suicide and palliative care.Jack Kevorkian Obituary
Dr. Jack Kevorkian, known as an advocate for physician-assisted suicide, has died at age 83. He had suffered from kidney problems and other health issues and was released from prison on parole in 2007. Kevorkian first became interested in assisted suicide after observing a patient die painfully from cancer. In the 1990s, he assisted in over 130 patient suicides, which led to his imprisonment for second-degree murder in 1998 for administering lethal drugs himself. Kevorkian spent his later years advocating for changes to assisted suicide laws based on constitutional rights.
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The term “euthanasia” is derived from Greek, literally meaning “good death”. Taken in its common usage however, euthanasia refers to the termination of a person’s life, to end their suffering, usually from an incurable or terminal condition. It is for this reason that euthanasia was also coined the name “mercy killing”.
Acts of euthanasia are further categorised as “voluntary”, “involuntary” and “non-voluntary.” Voluntary euthanasia refers to euthanasia performed at the request of the patient. Involuntary euthanasia is the term used to describe the situation where euthanasia is performed when the patient does not request it, with the intent of relieving their suffering – which, in effect, amounts to murder. Non-voluntary euthanasia relates to a situation where euthanasia is performed when the patient is incapable of consenting. The term that is relevant to the euthanasia debate is “active voluntary euthanasia”, which collectively refers to the deliberate act to end an incurable or terminally ill patient’s life, usually through the administration of lethal drugs at his or her request. The main difference between active voluntary euthanasia and assisted suicide is that in assisted suicide and physician-assisted suicide, the patient performs the killing act. Assisted suicide is when a person intentionally assists a patient, at their request, to terminate his or her life. Physician-assisted suicide refers to a situation where a physician intentionally assists a patient, at their request, to end his or her life, for example, by the provision of information and drugs.
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This document provides an essay discussing the controversial issue of euthanasia. It raises several questions about euthanasia, such as who should make decisions regarding life and death, whether those who want to die or are in a persistent vegetative state should be allowed to die voluntarily, and who should make these decisions. The essay also discusses arguments on both sides of the issue, including viewpoints from philosophers and ethicists.
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Module 5 Euthanasia, Physician Assisted Suicide and The Righ.docx
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End of Life From My Side of The Gurney | Dr. Brian Goldman
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Euthanasia – assisted suicide
- 1. Euthanasia – Assisted Suicide Euthanasia /eu·tha·na·sia/ (u″thah-na´zhah) • 1. an easy or painless death. • 2. mercy killing; the deliberate ending of life of a person suffering from an incurable disease.
- 2. Debate; Should it be Legalized? • Facts: Highly Controversial Topic • Decided by state legislature, not a factor in the 2012 election • Debated whether a human should have the right to have a doctor assist in a painless suicide • Legal in three states in the United States of America • Debates over this topic really started in the U.S.A. after the cases of Dr. Jack Kevorkian
- 3. Jack Kevorkian 1928 - 2011 • Carried out assisted suicides • Charges of murder came forth, but were dropped • Eventually was charged with murder after airing a video of himself giving a patient a lethal injection on Sixty Minutes. • Believed in granting patients the right to ask and receive assisted suicide treatment • Some viewed him as a hero, while others referred to him as Dr. Death • A movie was created about his life, You Don’t Know Jack
- 4. Pros/Cons Pros Cons • Dying on patients own terms • Can be devaluing to human • More freedom lives • Die without pain • Lots of debatable “What if?” • situations Prevents patients from killing themselves in more horrible • May be abused by crooked ways doctors • Saves family medical expenses
- 5. Works Cited "Assisted Suicide in the United States." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 29 Oct. 2012. Web. 07 Nov. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assisted_suicide_in_the_United_States>. "Death with Dignity in Oregon, Washington & (soon to Be) Montana." Euthanasia and the Law in the United States of America. Exit International, n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2012. <http://www.exitinternational.net/page/USA>. "Euthanasia Pros and Cons." Euthanasia Pros and Cons. Euthanasia.com, n.d. Web. 07 Nov. 2012. <http://www.euthanasia.com/proscons.html>. "Euthanasia." TheFreeDictionary.com. Farlex, n.d. Web. 07 Nov. 2012. <http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/euthanasia>. "Jack Kevorkian." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 July 2012. Web. 07 Nov. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Kevorkian>. "Pros and Cons - Euthanasia." ProCon.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Nov. 2012. <http://euthanasia.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=000126>.