2. WHAT ARE ORGANISMS MADE UP OF?
WHAT IS THE SMALLEST
UNIT OF LIVING MATTER?
THE CELL!
3. • All living things are made up of cells.
• Cells have different components and each
performs its own function within the cell:
ORGANELLES
CELL MEMBRANE
NUCLEUS
CYTOPLASM
MITOCHONDRIA CELL WALL
CHLOROPLASTS
VACUOLE
4. ALL LIVING ORGANISMS CAN BE SORTED INTO TWO
GROUPS DEPENDING ON THE STRUCTURE OF THEIR CELLS:
P_ O_ _R_ _T_S E_ K_R_ _T_S
5. ALL LIVING ORGANISMS CAN BE SORTED INTO TWO
GROUPS DEPENDING ON THE STRUCTURE OF THEIR CELLS:
PROKARYOTES EUKARYOTES
6. WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
EUKARYOTIC AND PROKARYOTIC CELLS?
7. EUKARYOTIC CELLS
• A cell whose major
organelle’s are contained
within membranes
• Have a proper Nucleus
• Usually have Mitochondria,
Chloroplasts etc
• Eukaryotes include Animals,
Plants, Fungi and Protists
Typical size of plant cell = 10-100μm
Typical size of animal cell = 10-30μm
8.
9.
10. EUKARYOTES - PLANTS
All plants are multicellular, which means that
their ’bodies’ are made up of many cells.
11. EUKARYOTES - PLANTS
• They contain chloroplasts and
carry out photosynthesis.
• All plants have cell walls made
of the carbohydrate cellulose
Chloroplast
Cell wall:
cellulose
• As a result of photosynthesis,
they make a range of organic
compounds: starch and
sucrose.
Nucleus
Cell
membrane
Mitocondrion
15. EUKARYOTES - ANIMALS Nucleus
• Do not have cell walls
• Do not contain chloroplasts, so
animals cannot carry
out photosynthesis
• May store carbohydrate as glycogen
• Animals usually have nerves or
nervous systems for coordination
Cell
membrane
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
24. ACTIVITY
• GET IN PAIRS
• GET A PLANT CELL AND AN ANIMAL CELL
• IDENTIFY WHICH ONE IS THE PLANT CELL AND WHICH
ONE IS THE ANIMAL CELL
• LABEL EACH ORGANELLE BY “STICKING” THE CORRECT
WORD.
34. What is the function of the ribosomes?
• Ribosomes are a cell structure that
makes protein. Protein is needed for
many cell functions such as repairing damage
or directing chemical processes.
• CAN SOMEONE DRAW RIBOSOMES IN THIS
ANIMAL CELL?
42. PLANT CELL ANIMAL CELL
Directions: Fill in the VENN Diagram to compare PLANT
CELLS to ANIMAL CELLS. Use the words in the word box.
Cell Wall, Cell Membrane, Ribosomes, Cytoplasm, Chloroplasts,
Mitochondria, Vacuole, Nucleus
Editor's Notes
Ok, so we now know what a living thing is and why.
What are living things made up?
Organisms are made up of cells. A cell is the very smallest unit of living matter
Most organisms are multicellular and have cells that are specialised to do a particular job.
Cells keep chemical processes tidy and compartmentalized so individual cell processes do not interfere with others and the cell can go about its business of metabolizing, reproducing, etc. To achieve this, cell components are enclosed in a membrane which serves as a barrier between the outside world and the cell's internal chemistry.
All cells contain common parts, and other cells have structures missing, for instance, red blood cells lack a nucleus.
Ok, so we now know what a living thing is and why. What are living things made up?
Organisms are made up of cells. Most organisms are multicellular and have cells that are specialised to do a particular job.
A cell is the very smallest unit of living matter
Cells keep chemical processes tidy and compartmentalized so individual cell processes do not interfere with others and the cell can go about its business of metabolizing, reproducing, etc. To achieve this, cell components are enclosed in a membrane which serves as a barrier between the outside world and the cell's internal chemistry.
All cells contain common parts, and other cells have structures missing, for instance, red blood cells lack a nucleus.
All living organisms can be sorted into one of two groups depending on the fundamental structure of their cells: the prokaryotes and the eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are organisms made up of cells that lack a cell nucleus or any membrane-encased organelles. Eukaryotes are organisms made up of cells that possess a membrane-bound nucleus that holds genetic material as well as membrane-bound organelle
All living organisms can be sorted into one of two groups depending on the fundamental structure of their cells: the prokaryotes and the eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are organisms made up of cells that lack a cell nucleus or any membrane-encased organelles. Eukaryotes are organisms made up of cells that possess a membrane-bound nucleus that holds genetic material as well as membrane-bound organelle
Eukaryotic cells contain their DNA in a nucleus and have membrane bound organelles such as the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, and lysosome.
Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, meaning that these organelles (e.g. mitochondria, lysosome, etc.) are surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer (membrane)
However, prokaryotic cells contain their DNA in the form of circular DNA free in the cytoplasm and also have DNA in plasmids, which are circular. They also have no membrane bound organelles and have pili to help them stick to other bacteria cells and they can also have a slime capsule for protection.
Another main difference is that all prokaryotic cells have a cell wall whereas not all eukaryotic cells do- only plant cells have a cell wall, not an animal cell.
Bacterial cells are an example of a prokaryote. They are much smaller than eukaryotic cells. They contain a cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall. The main difference is that their genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus, but can be found as a single DNA loop. There may also be one or more smaller rings of DNA called plasmids.
.
Describe common features shown by eukaryotic organisms: protoctists, plants, animals and fungi
App quiver visión: CELULAS.
Rubisco: cartas para imprimir.
Describe common features shown by eukaryotic organisms: protoctists, plants, animals and fungi
App quiver visión: CELULAS.
Rubisco: cartas para imprimir.
You will be familiar with flowering plants. This group, or kingdom, also contains simpler plants, such as mosses and ferns. All plants are multicellular, which means that their ’bodies’ are made up of many cells.
Their main distinguishing feature is that their cells contain chloroplasts, and carry out photosynthesis: the process that uses light energy to convert simple inorganic molecules such as water and carbon dioxide into complex organic compounds.
One of these organic compounds is the carbohydrate cellulose, and all plants have cell walls made of this material. Plants can make a range of organic compounds as a result of photosynthesis. One of the first compounds that they make is the storage carbohydrate starch, which is often found inside plant cells. Another is the sugar sucrose, which is transported around the plant and is sometimes stored in fruits and other plant organs.
Falta structure of plant cells
You will be familiar with flowering plants. This group, or kingdom, also contains simpler plants, such as mosses and ferns. All plants are multicellular, which means that their ’bodies’ are made up of many cells.
Their main distinguishing feature is that their cells contain chloroplasts, and carry out photosynthesis: the process that uses light energy to convert simple inorganic molecules such as water and carbon dioxide into complex organic compounds.
One of these organic compounds is the carbohydrate cellulose, and all plants have cell walls made of this material. Plants can make a range of organic compounds as a result of photosynthesis. One of the first compounds that they make is the storage carbohydrate starch, which is often found inside plant cells. Another is the sugar sucrose, which is transported around the plant and is sometimes stored in fruits and other plant organs.
Falta structure of plant cells
Describe common features shown by eukaryotic organisms: protoctists, plants, animals and fungi
App quiver visión: CELULAS.
Rubisco: cartas para imprimir.
Animals are made up of cells. These cells are eukaryotic. This means they have a nucleus and other structures which are surrounded by membranes.
Animals are multicellular organisms – they consist of many cells that work together. Examples of animals include mammals (such as humans) and insects (such as houseflies and mosquitoes).
Animals are made up of cells. These cells are eukaryotic. This means they have a nucleus and other structures which are surrounded by membranes.
Animals are multicellular organisms – they consist of many cells that work together. Examples of animals include mammals (such as humans) and insects (such as houseflies and mosquitoes).
do not have cell walls, which allows their cells to change shape.
do not contain chloroplasts, so animals cannot carry out photosynthesis. Instead, they gain their nutrition by feeding on other animals or plants.
may store carbohydrate as glycogen.
Animals usually have nerves or nervous systems for coordination, and they are able to move from place to place.
