Learn how the University of Maryland leveraged their existing VMware expertise to be up and running with Pano virtual desktops in just hours, deploying Panos to new users in as little as 10 minutes.
Data Center Floor Design - Your Layout Can Save of Kill Your PUE & Cooling Ef...Maria Demitras
Implementing data center best practices and using CFD models allowed Great Lakes to suggest a data center layout that would improve PUE and efficiency. Jason Hallenbeck, DCDC, explains the concepts behind how data center floor design can save or kill your PUE and cooling efficiency—as found in this proposal. Find Jason presenting at the BICSI Fall Conference on September 14th at 1:30 pm.
Symantec's appliance strategy provides customers with a flexible and easy to deploy delivery model for its data protection, storage management and security solutions. This new approach empowers organizations to choose between appliances, software or cloud solutions according to what best suits their IT requirements, needs and environment. With the release of the NetBackup 5020 deduplication appliance, NetBackup 5200 series and FileStore N8300 appliances, Symantec delivers on the company’s strategy.
2011-05-02 - VU Amsterdam - Testing safety critical systemsJaap van Ekris
Presentation about the steps required for Verifying and Vlaidating safety critical systems, as well as the test approach used. Contains examples of real-life IEC 61508 SIL 4 systems.
Learn how the University of Maryland leveraged their existing VMware expertise to be up and running with Pano virtual desktops in just hours, deploying Panos to new users in as little as 10 minutes.
Data Center Floor Design - Your Layout Can Save of Kill Your PUE & Cooling Ef...Maria Demitras
Implementing data center best practices and using CFD models allowed Great Lakes to suggest a data center layout that would improve PUE and efficiency. Jason Hallenbeck, DCDC, explains the concepts behind how data center floor design can save or kill your PUE and cooling efficiency—as found in this proposal. Find Jason presenting at the BICSI Fall Conference on September 14th at 1:30 pm.
Symantec's appliance strategy provides customers with a flexible and easy to deploy delivery model for its data protection, storage management and security solutions. This new approach empowers organizations to choose between appliances, software or cloud solutions according to what best suits their IT requirements, needs and environment. With the release of the NetBackup 5020 deduplication appliance, NetBackup 5200 series and FileStore N8300 appliances, Symantec delivers on the company’s strategy.
2011-05-02 - VU Amsterdam - Testing safety critical systemsJaap van Ekris
Presentation about the steps required for Verifying and Vlaidating safety critical systems, as well as the test approach used. Contains examples of real-life IEC 61508 SIL 4 systems.
Embedded Systems, Asset or Security Threat? (6 May 2014, (ICS)2 Secure Rotter...Jaap van Ekris
The focus of many information security methods are on office automation: protecting vulnerable data. When working in embedded software environments, the focus changes significantly to availability, and also the counter-measures against threats change dramatically. A major issue is that security will become an “IT problem” that industrial automation continues to ignore. In this presentation, the problem will be presented, as well as directions to embed security measures into the organisation.
This presentation was given at VMware Partner Exchange (PEX) 2012 in Las Vegas at the EMC boot camp. It provides a comparison of stretched clusters and SRM, and supplies some best practices for building stretched clusters if that is the right solution.
TECHNICAL WHITE PAPER: NetBackup Appliances WAN OptimizationSymantec
In a world of ever increasing data flow as well as globalization of data centers the effectiveness and utilization of the networks connecting sites is of the highest importance to end users. Even with network enhancement and improvement, the ability of the infrastructure to keep pace with the flow of data has proved not to be in lockstep. To optimize the flow of data verses increasing the pipe that is flows along is seen as critical to keeping operations running and costs minimal. This paper discusses the new WAN Optimization technology that has been introduced in the NetBackup 5220 and 5020 appliances.
This document outlines the WAN Optimization feature enhancements introduced on the NetBackup 5220 and NetBackup 5020 and applies to:
• NetBackup 5220 & 5230 appliances with version N2.5 and above installed
• NetBackup 5020 & 5030 appliances with version D1.4.2 and above installed
What is NetBackup appliance? Is it just NetBackup pre-installed on hardware?
The answer is both yes and no.
Yes, NetBackup appliance is simply backup in a box if you are looking for a solution for your data protection and disaster recovery readiness. That is the business problem you are solving with this turnkey appliance that installs in minutes and reduce your operational costs.
No, NetBackup appliance is more than a backup in box if you are comparing it with rolling your own hardware for NetBackup or if you are comparing it with third party deduplication appliances. Here is why I say this…
NetBackup appliance comes with redundant storage in RAID6 for storing your backups
Symantec worked with Intel to design the hardware for running NetBackup optimally for predictable and consistent performance. Eliminates the guesswork while designing the solution.
Many vendors will talk about various processes running on their devices to perform integrity checks, some solutions even need blackout windows to do those operations. NetBackup appliances include Storage Foundation at no additional cost. The storage is managed by Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM) and presented to operating system through Veritas File System. Why is this important? SF is industry-leading storage management infrastructure that powers the most mission-critical applications in the enterprise space. It is built for high-performance and resiliency. NetBackup appliance provides 24/7 protection with data integrity on storage provided by the industry leading technology.
The Linux based operating system, optimized for NetBackup, harden by Symantec eliminates the cost of deploying and maintaining general purpose operating system and associated IT applications.
NetBackup appliances include built-on WAN Optimization driver. Replicate to appliances on remote sites or to the cloud up to 10 times faster on across high latency links.
Your backups need to be protected. Symantec Critical System Protection provides non-signature based Host Intrusion Prevention protection. It protects against zero-day attacks using granular OS hardening policies along with application, user and device controls, all pre-defined for you in NetBackup appliance so that you don’t need to worry about configuring it.
Best of all, reduce your operational expenditure and eliminate complexity! One patch updates everything in this stack! The most holistic data protection solution with the least number of knobs to operate.
Deduplication reduces the amount of disk storage needed to retain and protect data by ratios of 10-30x and greater, making a disk a cost-effective alternative to tape. Data on disk is available online and onsite for longer retention periods, and restores become fast and reliable. Storing only unique data on disk also means that data can be cost-effectively replicated over existing networks to remote sites for disaster recovery and consolidated tape operations.
DCIM: An Integral Part of the Software Defined Data CentreConcurrentThinking
Do you know what DCIM is? Discover with Concurrent Thinking how to improve your data centre efficiency, how to overcome challenges in data centres and what the future of DCIM is.
Find out more here: http://www.concurrent-thinking.com/
When it comes to designing any type of radio frequency product, the footprint of the overall design may need to fit into a predefined package size. This often times causes the overall RF filter to be designed around these constraints.
In this webinar we will review some of the electrical performance and mechanical size issues when designing an RF filter for your application. We will also discuss what techniques should be used and how they affect the overall performance of the product.
For more information on our custom RF products solutions visit http://www.epectec.com/rf-products/
TECHNICAL WHITE PAPER▶NetBackup 5330 Resiliency/High Availability AttributesSymantec
NetBackup Appliances Family
The NetBackup Appliance family offers complementary solutions to meet the data protection needs of modern enterprises, and includes solutions such as the NetBackup 5230 and NetBackup 5330 Appliances.
NetBackup 5230 Appliance
The NetBackup 5230 Backup Appliance includes master and media capabilities, alongside storage and deduplication features that will meet the needs of small, mid size, and even some large enterprises.
NetBackup 5330 Appliance
The NetBackup 5330 appliance offers media server capabilities, and is designed to meet the needs of large enterprise customers with demanding performance and scalability requirements across virtual and physical infrastructures.
The NetBackup 5330 Appliance is designed to supplement the NetBackup Appliance family by offering key enterprise customers a large-scale and performant offering. This includes sustainable performance over time and scale, predictable job success rates under heavy loads, and powerful deduplication capabilities.
Data protection architectures are, by necessity, complex in nature as they involve so many complex factors. There cannot be a “one size fits all” approach to data protection because the operational requirements of each organization dictate how data is used, and the local risk assessment process dictates to some extent how it will be protected.
Virtualization for efficiency: by Kathrin Winkler, The green gridDCC Mission Critical
The green grid is a not-for-profit global consortium focused on driving energy efficiency in the computing ecosystem
Developing meaningful and user-centric metrics to help IT and Facilities better manage their computing resources
Developing and promoting standards, measurement methods, best practices and technologies that support these metrics.
HKG18-500K1 - Keynote: Dileep Bhandarkar - Emerging Computing Trends in the D...Linaro
Session ID: HKG18-500K1
Session Name: HKG18-500K1 - Keynote: Dileep Bhandarkar - Emerging Computing Trends in the Datacenter
Speaker: Not Available
Track: Keynote
★ Session Summary ★
For decades we have been able to take advantage of Moore’s Law to improve single thread performance, reduce power and cost with each generation of semiconductor technology. While technology has advanced after the end of Dennard scaling more than 10 years ago, the advances have slowed down. Server performance increases have relied on increasing core counts and power budgets.
At the same time, workloads have changed in the era of cloud computing. Scale out is becoming more important than scale up. Domain specific architectures have started to emerge to improve the energy efficiency of emerging workloads like deep learning
This talk will provide a historical perspective and discuss emerging trends driving the development of modern servers processors.
---------------------------------------------------
★ Resources ★
Event Page: http://connect.linaro.org/resource/hkg18/hkg18-500k1/
Presentation: http://connect.linaro.org.s3.amazonaws.com/hkg18/presentations/hkg18-500k1.pdf
Video: http://connect.linaro.org.s3.amazonaws.com/hkg18/videos/hkg18-500k1.mp4
---------------------------------------------------
★ Event Details ★
Linaro Connect Hong Kong 2018 (HKG18)
19-23 March 2018
Regal Airport Hotel Hong Kong
---------------------------------------------------
Keyword: Keynote
'http://www.linaro.org'
'http://connect.linaro.org'
---------------------------------------------------
Follow us on Social Media
https://www.facebook.com/LinaroOrg
https://www.youtube.com/user/linaroorg?sub_confirmation=1
https://www.linkedin.com/company/1026961
Embedded Systems, Asset or Security Threat? (6 May 2014, (ICS)2 Secure Rotter...Jaap van Ekris
The focus of many information security methods are on office automation: protecting vulnerable data. When working in embedded software environments, the focus changes significantly to availability, and also the counter-measures against threats change dramatically. A major issue is that security will become an “IT problem” that industrial automation continues to ignore. In this presentation, the problem will be presented, as well as directions to embed security measures into the organisation.
This presentation was given at VMware Partner Exchange (PEX) 2012 in Las Vegas at the EMC boot camp. It provides a comparison of stretched clusters and SRM, and supplies some best practices for building stretched clusters if that is the right solution.
TECHNICAL WHITE PAPER: NetBackup Appliances WAN OptimizationSymantec
In a world of ever increasing data flow as well as globalization of data centers the effectiveness and utilization of the networks connecting sites is of the highest importance to end users. Even with network enhancement and improvement, the ability of the infrastructure to keep pace with the flow of data has proved not to be in lockstep. To optimize the flow of data verses increasing the pipe that is flows along is seen as critical to keeping operations running and costs minimal. This paper discusses the new WAN Optimization technology that has been introduced in the NetBackup 5220 and 5020 appliances.
This document outlines the WAN Optimization feature enhancements introduced on the NetBackup 5220 and NetBackup 5020 and applies to:
• NetBackup 5220 & 5230 appliances with version N2.5 and above installed
• NetBackup 5020 & 5030 appliances with version D1.4.2 and above installed
What is NetBackup appliance? Is it just NetBackup pre-installed on hardware?
The answer is both yes and no.
Yes, NetBackup appliance is simply backup in a box if you are looking for a solution for your data protection and disaster recovery readiness. That is the business problem you are solving with this turnkey appliance that installs in minutes and reduce your operational costs.
No, NetBackup appliance is more than a backup in box if you are comparing it with rolling your own hardware for NetBackup or if you are comparing it with third party deduplication appliances. Here is why I say this…
NetBackup appliance comes with redundant storage in RAID6 for storing your backups
Symantec worked with Intel to design the hardware for running NetBackup optimally for predictable and consistent performance. Eliminates the guesswork while designing the solution.
Many vendors will talk about various processes running on their devices to perform integrity checks, some solutions even need blackout windows to do those operations. NetBackup appliances include Storage Foundation at no additional cost. The storage is managed by Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM) and presented to operating system through Veritas File System. Why is this important? SF is industry-leading storage management infrastructure that powers the most mission-critical applications in the enterprise space. It is built for high-performance and resiliency. NetBackup appliance provides 24/7 protection with data integrity on storage provided by the industry leading technology.
The Linux based operating system, optimized for NetBackup, harden by Symantec eliminates the cost of deploying and maintaining general purpose operating system and associated IT applications.
NetBackup appliances include built-on WAN Optimization driver. Replicate to appliances on remote sites or to the cloud up to 10 times faster on across high latency links.
Your backups need to be protected. Symantec Critical System Protection provides non-signature based Host Intrusion Prevention protection. It protects against zero-day attacks using granular OS hardening policies along with application, user and device controls, all pre-defined for you in NetBackup appliance so that you don’t need to worry about configuring it.
Best of all, reduce your operational expenditure and eliminate complexity! One patch updates everything in this stack! The most holistic data protection solution with the least number of knobs to operate.
Deduplication reduces the amount of disk storage needed to retain and protect data by ratios of 10-30x and greater, making a disk a cost-effective alternative to tape. Data on disk is available online and onsite for longer retention periods, and restores become fast and reliable. Storing only unique data on disk also means that data can be cost-effectively replicated over existing networks to remote sites for disaster recovery and consolidated tape operations.
DCIM: An Integral Part of the Software Defined Data CentreConcurrentThinking
Do you know what DCIM is? Discover with Concurrent Thinking how to improve your data centre efficiency, how to overcome challenges in data centres and what the future of DCIM is.
Find out more here: http://www.concurrent-thinking.com/
When it comes to designing any type of radio frequency product, the footprint of the overall design may need to fit into a predefined package size. This often times causes the overall RF filter to be designed around these constraints.
In this webinar we will review some of the electrical performance and mechanical size issues when designing an RF filter for your application. We will also discuss what techniques should be used and how they affect the overall performance of the product.
For more information on our custom RF products solutions visit http://www.epectec.com/rf-products/
TECHNICAL WHITE PAPER▶NetBackup 5330 Resiliency/High Availability AttributesSymantec
NetBackup Appliances Family
The NetBackup Appliance family offers complementary solutions to meet the data protection needs of modern enterprises, and includes solutions such as the NetBackup 5230 and NetBackup 5330 Appliances.
NetBackup 5230 Appliance
The NetBackup 5230 Backup Appliance includes master and media capabilities, alongside storage and deduplication features that will meet the needs of small, mid size, and even some large enterprises.
NetBackup 5330 Appliance
The NetBackup 5330 appliance offers media server capabilities, and is designed to meet the needs of large enterprise customers with demanding performance and scalability requirements across virtual and physical infrastructures.
The NetBackup 5330 Appliance is designed to supplement the NetBackup Appliance family by offering key enterprise customers a large-scale and performant offering. This includes sustainable performance over time and scale, predictable job success rates under heavy loads, and powerful deduplication capabilities.
Data protection architectures are, by necessity, complex in nature as they involve so many complex factors. There cannot be a “one size fits all” approach to data protection because the operational requirements of each organization dictate how data is used, and the local risk assessment process dictates to some extent how it will be protected.
Virtualization for efficiency: by Kathrin Winkler, The green gridDCC Mission Critical
The green grid is a not-for-profit global consortium focused on driving energy efficiency in the computing ecosystem
Developing meaningful and user-centric metrics to help IT and Facilities better manage their computing resources
Developing and promoting standards, measurement methods, best practices and technologies that support these metrics.
HKG18-500K1 - Keynote: Dileep Bhandarkar - Emerging Computing Trends in the D...Linaro
Session ID: HKG18-500K1
Session Name: HKG18-500K1 - Keynote: Dileep Bhandarkar - Emerging Computing Trends in the Datacenter
Speaker: Not Available
Track: Keynote
★ Session Summary ★
For decades we have been able to take advantage of Moore’s Law to improve single thread performance, reduce power and cost with each generation of semiconductor technology. While technology has advanced after the end of Dennard scaling more than 10 years ago, the advances have slowed down. Server performance increases have relied on increasing core counts and power budgets.
At the same time, workloads have changed in the era of cloud computing. Scale out is becoming more important than scale up. Domain specific architectures have started to emerge to improve the energy efficiency of emerging workloads like deep learning
This talk will provide a historical perspective and discuss emerging trends driving the development of modern servers processors.
---------------------------------------------------
★ Resources ★
Event Page: http://connect.linaro.org/resource/hkg18/hkg18-500k1/
Presentation: http://connect.linaro.org.s3.amazonaws.com/hkg18/presentations/hkg18-500k1.pdf
Video: http://connect.linaro.org.s3.amazonaws.com/hkg18/videos/hkg18-500k1.mp4
---------------------------------------------------
★ Event Details ★
Linaro Connect Hong Kong 2018 (HKG18)
19-23 March 2018
Regal Airport Hotel Hong Kong
---------------------------------------------------
Keyword: Keynote
'http://www.linaro.org'
'http://connect.linaro.org'
---------------------------------------------------
Follow us on Social Media
https://www.facebook.com/LinaroOrg
https://www.youtube.com/user/linaroorg?sub_confirmation=1
https://www.linkedin.com/company/1026961
Physics of Failure Electronics Reliability Assurance SoftwareCheryl Tulkoff
Reliability Assurance Tool
•This powerful software tool uses the principles of PoF to predict the life of CCAs prior to prototypes being built.
•Optimization of the design layout can now take place early in the design cycle which greatly improves the chances of designing it right the first time.
Next Generation Convergence and/or Converged Infrastructure should include Thermal, Power, Access Security and Out-of-Band Access, Control and Management!
Proactively Managing Your Data Center Infrastructurekimotte
Attached is the presentation from our Proactively Manage Data Center Infrastructure Webinar - to view the webinar with audio, go here:http://blog.eecnet.com/proactive-manage-data-center/
Get ready to dive into the exciting world of IoT data processing! 🌐📊
Join us for a thought-provoking webinar on "Processing: Turning IoT Data into Intelligence" hosted by industry visionary Deepak Shankar, founder of Mirabilis Design. Discover how to harness the potential of IoT devices by strategically choosing processors that optimize power, performance, and space.
In this engaging session, you'll explore key insights:
✅ Impact of processor architecture on Power-Performance-Area optimization
✅ Enabling AI and ML algorithms through precise compute and storage requirements
✅ Future trends in IoT hardware innovation
✅ Strategies for extending battery life and cost prediction through system design
Don't miss the chance to learn how to leverage a single IoT Edge processor for multiple applications and much more. This is your opportunity to gain a competitive edge in the evolving IoT landscape.
Exceeding the Limits of Air Cooling to Unlock Greater Potential in HPCinside-BigData.com
In this deck from the Perth HPC Conference, Werner Scholz from XENON Systems presents: Exceeding the Limits of Air Cooling to Unlock Greater Potential in HPC.
"A decade ago, 100 watts per CPU was devastating to thermal design. Today, Intel’s highest performing CPUs (e.g. Intel Cascade Lake-AP 9282 processor) have a thermal design envelope of 400 watts. There really is no end in sight, and accommodating more power is critical to advancing performance. The ability to dissipate the resulting heat is the hard ceiling that systems face in terms of performance – giving greater importance to liquid cooling breakthroughs. With liquid cooling, less energy is expended to cool systems – a significant savings in HPC deployments with arrays of servers drawing energy and generating heat. Electrical current drives the CPU and enables it to function. This electrical power is converted into thermal energy (heat). To maintain a stable temperature, the CPU needs to be cooled by efficiently removing this heat and releasing it. Liquid cooling is the best way to cool a system because liquid transfers heat much more efficiently than air. From an environmental perspective, liquid cooling reduces both those characteristics to create a smarter and more ecological approach on a grand scale. The cascade of value continues, as ambient heat removed from systems can then be used to heat buildings and augment or replace traditional heating systems. It’s an intelligent approach to thermal management, distributing the economic value of reduced energy use and transforming heat into an enterprise asset."
Watch the video: https://wp.me/p3RLHQ-kZa
Learn more: https://www.xenon.com.au/
and
http://hpcadvisorycouncil.com/events/2019/australia-conference/agenda.php
Sign up for our insideHPC Newsletter: http://insidehpc.com/newsletter
Going Modular? Lessons learned from 500 modular data center implementations
Everyday we face unpredictable demands from the business and continue to drive new technology and compute models in to our data centers. These are the challenges we all face in how to best design our next data center. Learn how to extend the life of your existing data center, rationalize your overall data center portfolio or design new data centers to lower your data center’s costs. We will discuss proven data center design approaches from implementing 500 modular data centers around the world that address data center availability, capacity, capital, and operating costs in a cost effective and flexible manner, providing capacity when and where it is needed.
Presentation Originally Given at the Wall Street Technology Association's (WSTA) - March 2011 Boston Seminar: Financial Services Infrastructure Management
Sklubi AlumniWeekend 23.10.2010:
Reijo Maihaniemi
Electricity Consumption: General
Electricity Savings Through DC Power Feed
DC Data Center Projects in the World
ICT Energy saving actions
The rapid growth of connected devices in the industrial sector is driving a significant increase in scope and complexity for industrial networks as they converge with more traditional IT networks. In addition, growing concerns about security, availability and performance are associated with costs that can often exceed the initial investment in networking hardware. In this webinar, we introduce a model for understanding an industrial network’s total cost of ownership (TCO), review the top 5 hidden costs that operators face, and share some tips and tools to lower the TCO for industrial control networks.5 Tips to Reduce Your Industrial Network TCO
Here's What We'll Cover:
1. Common networking challenges for industrial users
2. The Total Cost of Ownership model
3. Top 5 hidden industrial networking costs
4. Tips & tools to lower your industrial network’s TCO
Similar to Improved Efficiency & Reliability for Data Center Servers Using Immersion Oil Cooling (20)
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
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State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
Improved Efficiency & Reliability for Data Center Servers Using Immersion Oil Cooling
1. Improved Efficiency & Reliability for
Data Center Servers Using Immersion
Oil Cooling
Cheryl Tulkoff & Chris Boyd
ctulkoff@dfrsolutions.com
clb@midasnetworks.com
May 2013 Las Vegas, Nevada
2. • Immersion Oil Cooling Technology Overview
• Data Center Efficiency
• Cost & Size Benefits
• Technology Challenges
• Reliability Enhancements
• Summary
• Challenges & Next Steps
Agenda
3. • Not a new concept!
– Direct liquid immersion
cooling has been used within
IBM for over 20 years to cool
high powered chips on multi-
chip substrates during
electrical testing prior to final
module assembly.
– Early supercomputers relied
on liquid cooling technologies.
• Cray 2 supercomputer
Liquid Immersion Cooling
http://www.electronics-cooling.com/1996/05/direct-liquid-immersion-cooling-for-
high-power-density-microelectronics/
4. • Liquid Submersion Blade Server
– LiquidCool Solutions (Hardcore
Computer) Supports High
Frequency Trading with Liquid
Submersion Cooled Computers
• Released in 2010
– 2012: LSS is the world’s first rack-
mounted total liquid submerged
server. The system’s patented
liquid submersion cooling
technology promises
improvements in speed,
performance, reliability and
latency, while reducing
environmental impact.
Liquid Immersion Cooling Example
http://www.liquidcoolsolutions.com/
5. Cooling Using Dielectric Oil
1200X more
effective at
removing
heat than
air
Oil costs ~$500 per 55 gallon barrel, ~35C
7. Business Value of Immersion Technology
• Greatly reduced capital and operating
expense vs. conventional data centers
• Data center can be built in non-traditional
facilities, including transportable “pods”
– No need for air conditioning, raised floors or
chemical fire suppression
• No impact on software or network
infrastructure
– Retraining of support personnel not required
• A truly “green” solution
• Reliability Enhancements
Will redefine
how data
centers and
servers will
be built in
the future
8. Typical Data Center Operating Costs
Profile
8%
13%
18%
4%
57%
Networking
Equipment
Power
Power Distribution
& Cooling
Other
Infrastructure
Servers
Power costs
represent
25-40%
of monthly
operating
expenses
3 yr. Server; 10 yr. Infrastructure Amortization
9. Power Usage Efficiency (PUE)
PUE =
Total Facility Power
IT Load
Total
Facility
Power
Power
• Switchgear
• UPS
• Battery Backup
• Lighting
• Etc.
Cooling
• Chillers
• CRACs
• Etc.
IT Load
• Servers
• Switches
• Storage
• Etc.
Any energy
expended
other than
that to drive
the IT Load
contributes to
inefficiency
10. Industry PUE Profile
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1-1.39 1.4-1.69 1.7-1.9 2.0-2.9 3.0-3.9 4.0 + Don't
Know
n=300
Source: Digital Realty Trust 2012 Survey
%
Immersion Oil
Cooling
PUE ≤ 1.08
Average PUE:
•Per Uptime
Institute: 1.8
•Per EPA
Energy Star
Program: 1.91
11. Huge Energy and Cost Savings
Fan-less,
ultra-
efficient
data center
12. Traditional Data Center vs. Immersion Cooled Data Center
Identical Processing Capacity Comparison
(10,000 servers)
Traditional
Data Center*
Immersion Oil
Cooling Data Center
Data Center
Size (sq. ft.)
Power
Consumption
(MW)
12,500
6.88
4,000
3.12
32%
45%
Of the Size
Of the Power
*Assumes PUE of 1.8 and Dell PowerEdge R520 servers
13. Traditional Data Center vs. Immersion Cooled Data Center
*Assumes PUE of 1.8 and Dell PowerEdge R520 servers
Identical Power Comparison (5 MW)
Traditional
Data Center*
Immersion Oil Cooling
Data Center
Number of
Servers
16,030
6,430
7,275
9,100
120%
71%
More
Processing Capacity
Of the Size
Data Center
Size (sq. ft.)
14. • Simpler than typical air cooling system
• Improvements in the instrumentation and
reporting in progress
Oil Cooling System Components Schematic
15. Preparation: Works With Any OEM Server
Prep takes less
than
10 minutes
Remove fans
Replace thermal paste
Use sealed or
solid-state drives
16. Server Maintenance
• If you do get thermal paste into the system, it can be easily
filtered by temporarily replacing the catch screen in the pump
module with a 2 um filter.
– The thermal paste dissolves in the oil, making it cloudy.
• How do you work on a server in immersion oil cooling?
– Pull the server out, wait for it to drain
– Keep a paper towel nearby
– Potential need to clean if returned to a repair center
17. Optimized Loading Design
• The SLED: custom server design takes optimal
advantage of the cooling technology
– Based on experience gained from more than 18 months of
experience operating an immersion cooled data center
18. • Skepticism from OEMs
– This is changing--Intel's recent positive report
– SuperMicro Computer is developing SKUs for immersion boards
• http://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2012/03/22/submerged-
supermicro-servers-accelerated-by-gpus/
– Network gear manufacturers are lagging behind server vendors
• Disk Arrays
– Current hard disks leak, and the oil crashes the heads
– Solid State Drives (SSDs) are expensive
– Waiting to test the new Western Digital helium filled drives when
they ship next year, hermetically sealed
• http://www.hgst.com/press-room/2012/hgst-announces-radically-new-
helium-filled-hard-disk-drive-platform
Some Immersion Technology Challenges
19. • Proving technology
• Impact on optical
components
– TTCP transfer times and
ping times are very similar
crossing the switch
network, regardless of
whether the optical
interfaces are immersed
– In all cases, no pings were
lost
• Coolant immersion does not
appear to adversely affect
the error rate on the links.
Immersion Technology Challenges
20. • Impact on RF
components?
• Performance
Impacts?
– None detected yet
– Trials underway
– Image of Ethernet
switch which has
been running
immersed since
January 2011
Immersion Technology Challenges
22. • Tin Whisker Mitigation
– Arcing
• Zinc Whisker Mitigation
• Reduction in Corrosion & Electrochemical
Migration
– Corrosive exposure reduction
– Moisture reduction
• Environmental contaminant reduction
– Dust, debris, particulates
• More stable and even thermal environment
– No hot spots
Reliability Enhancements
23. Tin Whiskers
Tin whiskers are hair-like single crystal metallic
filaments that grow from tin films.
Their unpredictability is the greatest concern.
The Aerospace and Defense industries consider tin
whiskers the, “greatest reliability risk associated with
Pb-free electronics”.
Manhattan project phase 2 report
24. What are the potential failure modes?
Direct Contact
Causes an electrical short (arcing)
Requires growth of sufficient length and
in the correct orientation
Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation
Emits or receives EM signal and noise at
higher frequencies
Deterioration of signal for frequencies
above 6 GHz independent of whisker
length
Debris
Whisker breaks off and shorts two leads
(primarily during handling)
These can be mitigated by immersion
oil
Courtesy of P. Bush, SUNY Buffalo
Observation of tin whisker debris as
reported to NASA from Sanmina-SC
DfR Solutions
25. Response to Tin Whisker Risk
Biggest challenges are high reliability
applications with high volumes and strong
cost pressures
Examples: Enterprise servers, external
defibrillators, first-responder radios, industrial
process monitoring, etc.
Every mitigation must be looked at closely in
regards to need and cost
Requires a clear understanding of why and when
tin whiskers occur
26. • “If you manage a data center, especially one that sits on
a raised floor, zinc whiskers might eventually have an
impact on your operations.”
• “The whisker formation process consists of an
unpredictable incubation period—typically lasting
months or even years without any growth at all—
followed by a period of growth at rates as high as 1
mm/year.”
• “Unfortunately, accelerated techniques do not currently
exist to predict if, when, and to what extent a zinc-
coated surface will produce zinc whiskers.”
– Excerpts from paper by Jay Brusse and Michael Sampson
Zinc Whiskers: Hidden Cause of Equipment
Failure
27. Zinc Whiskers
Zinc whiskers (here, magnified100×) growing on the underside of a
raised-access floor tile. Image courtesy of Jay Brusse et al
• Failure mechanism appears to be
quite widespread
• Awareness by facility or data
center management personnel
appears to be limited
28. Why Worry about Contamination and Cleanliness?
• Believed to be one of the primary drivers of field issues in
electronics today
– Induces corrosion and metal migration
(electrochemical migration – ECM)
• Intermittent behavior lends itself to
no-fault-found (NFF) returns
– Driven by self-healing behavior
– Difficult to diagnosis
• Pervasive
– Failure modes observed on batteries, LCDs, PCBAs, wiring,
switches, etc.
• Will continue to get worse
29. Future of Contamination / Cleanliness Issues
• Continued reductions in pitch between conductors will make
future packaging more susceptible
• Increased use of leadless packages (QFN, land grid array, etc.)
results in reduction in standoff
– Will reduce efficiency of cleaning, which may lead to increased
concentration of contaminants
• Increased product sales into countries with polluted and tropical
environments (East Asia, South Asia, etc.)
– ECM occurrence very sensitive to ambient humidity conditions
• Pb-Free and smaller bond pads
– Require more aggressive flux formulations
30. What is ECM?
• One definition
– Movement of metal through an electrolytic solution under
an applied electric field between insulated conductors
• Electrochemical migration (ECM) can occur on or in
almost all electronic packaging
– Die surface
– Epoxy encapsulant
– Printed board
– Passive components
– Etc.
31. • Temperature
• Moisture
• Contamination
• Voltage/Electrical Field
• Temperature, moisture, and contamination
aspects can all be reduced and/or
eliminated with immersion oil cooling
ECM Drivers
32. Sources of Contaminants
• Printed board fabrication process
– Insufficiently cured polymers
– Rinse water
• Printed board assembly processes
– Fluxes
– Handling
• Salts from human contact (KCl and NaCl)
• Storage and use environment
33. Contaminants: Storage & Environment
• Storage
– Cleaning chemicals
– Outgassing
– Polymeric materials
• Use Environment
– Dust, Debris, Zinc whiskers
– Moisture, Evaporated sea water
– Industrial pollutants – sulfur, etc.
• Filtered oil prevents these from accumulating
on electronics
34. Influence of Pollutants: Creepage Corrosion
• Recent field issues with printed circuit
boards (PCBs) plated with immersion silver
– Sulfur-based creepage corrosion
• Failures in customer locations with elevated
levels of sulfur-based gases
– Rubber manufacturing
– Sewage/waste-water treatment plants
– Vehicle exhaust fumes (exit / entrance
ramps)
– Petroleum refineries
– Coal-generation power plants
– Paper mills
– Landfills
– Large-scale farms
– Automotive modeling studios
– Swamps
• Immersion oil would prevent this
exposure!
P. Mazurkiewicz , ISTFA 2006
35. 35
Creepage Corrosion Failure of ImAg
•Corrosion product is semi-conductive (resistance of about 1Mohm).
•Resistance decreases as humidity increases.
•Traces sensitive to leakage current trigger the system failure.
•Visual inspection required to identify failures (most are CNDs).
Initiation of
a short
36. Pollutants: Not Always in Industrial Settings
• Chinese Drywall Cited in Building Woes
– The drywall is emitting sulfur-based gases that are corroding air-
conditioner coils, computer wiring and metal picture frames.
• Drywall blamed for A.C. failures
– Air-conditioning coils have turned black, along with wiring, piping
and even silver jewelry.
– "We have definitely identified that a combination of sulfide gases
are the cause of the corrosion," said Robert P. DeMott, managing
principal of Environ.
– "Foul odors reported by people living in the homes may also be
caused by the combination of sulfur gases being released from the
drywall,
• Chinese drywall class action lawsuit
– LEE COUNTY, Fla. - The Lawsuit was filed against Knauf Plasterboard
Tianjin Co., LTD, The Knauf Group, Rothchilt International Limited
and the Banner Supply Company.
– Known as "Chinese Drywall", it was manufactured oversees and
was made from waste materials. As a result, it emits sulfur
compounds that corrode copper wiring and other metals found in
homes. Copper Corroded by Sulfur flumes
Drywall Sulfur Fumes Blamed for A.C. & Electrical Equipment failures
37. Infra-Red Thermal Evaluation
D11
Alum Caps
Q16
Thermal Anomalies Detected
- Q16 producing heat when is it supposed to
be in an off state - sneak circuit detected
- D11 detected a hot spot that exceeded
thermal limit
Expect to see hot spot reduction and improved
thermal uniformity using immersion oil cooling
39. Thermal Modeling &
Prediction
• Create Thermal
Environment for a
typical, air-cooled
data center
• Create 2nd
environment for
immersion oil
cooled data center
• Compare
• Correlate to longer
term actual data
40. Thermal Modeling & Prediction Life Curves
Can do what if scenarios changing lifetime,
acceptable failure rate, and thermal
environment
41. Produces a
Failure Rate
EM
HCI
NBTI
TDDB
EM
HCI
NBTI
TDDB
EM
HCI
NBTI
TDDB
Acceleration Factors
Analysis of
Functional
Groups
Functional Group A Functional Group B Functional Group i
Simulated Device
Deconstruction
Device
Properties
Manufacturer
Testing
Functional Group A Functional Group B Functional Group i
Device
Accelerated
Failure Rate
o Models the simultaneous
degradation behaviors of
multiple failure mechanisms on
integrated circuit devices
o Devised from published research
literature, technological
publications, and accepted
degradation models from:
o NASAJPL
o University of Maryland
o Semiconductor Reliability
Community
o Easy to use software solution by
multiple engineering disciplines
ICs – Lifetime Prediction & Impact of Temperature
42. • Intel tests oil immersion to cool servers
– “If you are going to add a significant amount of capacity
and have systems with a lot of density and don’t have
good air flow in your data center, this is worth looking
at,” said Mike Patterson, a senior thermal architect for
data centers at Intel.
– “We asked a lot of tough questions and they had pretty
good answers for all of them so we put a pilot together,”
said Patterson. “There’s almost an emotional reaction
[against oil immersion] at first, so people say they would
never do that, but when they see the potential [energy]
savings, they see there’s something there,” he said.
Industry Evaluation – Intel Experience
43. • Intel plans to start developing motherboards
optimized for immersion cooling.
• Various OEMs involved in server hardware are
expected to create modified designs with oil
immersion in mind as well.
• Intel also found that no computer components
— processors, hard drives etc. – were
damaged from the yearlong immersion in
mineral oil.
Industry Evaluation – Intel Experience
http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/09/06/cooling-a-computer-server-
with-mineral-oil/
44. Has what it thinks is the
best of both worlds:
putting the whole server
"blade" (the individual
hardware component of
a server "farm") inside a
container full of a special
liquid called Novec.
Industry Evaluations – Iceotope
http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/futureoftech/new-way-keep-pcs-
cool-submerge-them-goo-1C8603909
45. Technology Summary
• Immersion cooling technology has been used previously in
the computing and electric power industries
• More than 600,000 hours of server time logged by
customers including one of the largest grocery chains in
Texas and Texas Multicore
• Virtually unlimited heat density and scalability
• Using highly effective enviro-friendly fluid for cooling
greatly improves server reliability
• Will be vital for “hot” CPUs currently in development
• Dramatically reduced carbon footprint
46. • Immersion oil cooling offers significant
environmental, cost, performance, and
reliability advantages.
– Reduces potential for failure in:
• Tin Whisker Mitigation via arcing
• Zinc Whisker Mitigation
• Corrosion & Electrochemical Migration (ECM)
• Moisture reduction
• Environmental contaminant reduction
• Provides stable and even thermal environment
Technology Summary
47. • Oil bath monitoring
– Water (primarily initial equipment insertion)
– Contaminants (over time, leaching out from
cables, plastics, etc).
– Cleaning of assemblies if offsite repair required
Future Work – Questions & Challenges
48. • Optimum oil temperature – how was it determined (35C)
and how low can it go?
• Does the oil affect the contact resistance of connectors,
relay contacts, or other electro-mechanical interconnects
over time? That is, does the oil penetrate the metal-to-
metal interface and create an insulating layer?
• Test specifically to show that electrolytic capacitors are not
affected over the long term by immersion. They are not
hermetic and they use ethylene glycol as the main solvent
with adipic acid as the main charge carrier. These may
slightly dissolve in the oil
Future Work – Questions &
Challenges
49. • Extra performance
– Oil immersion may enable over-clocking of processors in ways not possible with air cooling
• Humidity barrier
– Oil immersion might be a good solution for small businesses in humid regions of the world
such as southeast Asia. With the oil, they could build their data center in a warehouse with a
concrete floor and not need all of the traditional chiller or HVAC equipment
• NEBS and telecom applications
– Oil immersion can significantly extend ride through time in the event of a cooling system
failure.
– Could be useful for telecom where uptime and excursion capability is critical.
• Reduces component temperatures
– Helps extend the life of life limited and high temp components such as electrolytic caps, FETs,
and silicon ICs.
Future Work – Questions &
Challenges
50. • Oil Monitoring & Breakdown
• Cleaning of assemblies if offsite repair
required
Future Work – Questions &
Challenges
51. • Use a high humidity environment –
– Choose a couple of servers and place them in oil (experiment cell) and place a couple of servers in air
(control cell).
– Place both the oil immersion tank and the air servers in the same high humidity atmosphere.
– Something like 30 or 35C and 80% RH.
– Review climate of some of the humidity capitols of the world like Mumbai, Delhi, Singapore, Shanghai,
Kuala Lumpur, etc. and design a test that is accelerated relative to them.
• Use thermocouples to show how oil immersion reduces temps of high temp components
– calculations to show improved life, lower failure rate of key components such as silicon ICs, FETs,
electrolytic caps
• Do over-clocking analysis on the processor
– if oil keeps the processor much cooler, could you trade off processor life for performance, i.e. over-
clocking?
– If the processor temp is kept low in oil, you should be able to over-clock and get more performance for
the same expected lifetime, e.g. 5-7 years.
• Ride through
– cut off the oil cooling system and study the ride-through time.
– Compare ride through time of oil (at least 30 min to 1 hour) to the ride through time for an air cooled
data center (couple of minutes).
Potential Experiment Conditions
52. Speaker Biography
Cheryl Tulkoff has over 22 years of experience in electronics manufacturing with an
emphasis on failure analysis and reliability. She has worked throughout the electronics
manufacturing life cycle beginning with semiconductor fabrication processes, into printed
circuit board fabrication and assembly, through functional and reliability testing, and
culminating in the analysis and evaluation of field returns. She has also managed no clean
and RoHS-compliant conversion programs and has developed and managed comprehensive
reliability programs.
Cheryl earned her Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering degree from Georgia Tech. She is a
published author, experienced public speaker and trainer and a Senior member of both ASQ
and IEEE. She has held leadership positions in the IEEE Central Texas Chapter, IEEE WIE
(Women In Engineering), and IEEE ASTR (Accelerated Stress Testing and Reliability) sections.
She chaired the annual IEEE ASTR workshop for four years, is an ASQ Certified Reliability
Engineer, and a member of SMTA and iMAPS.
She has a strong passion for pre-college STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math)
outreach and volunteers with several organizations that specialize in encouraging pre-
college students to pursue careers in these fields.
53. Co-Author Biography
• Chris Boyd, Chief Technology Officer, Midas Green Technology, LLC. Chris Boyd has 20+ years’
experience in the telecommunications industry as a network operator, system engineer, and
technical trainer. He is the co-founder of Midas Green Technology, LLC, a managed hosting provider
which deploys a new server immersion cooling technology for commercial users.
• Chris is a recognized technologist and is a frequently requested consultant for data center, hosting
and telecommunications companies. Chris has extensive experience developing and implementing
leading innovative technology solutions in network management, performance management and
patents for packet telephony routing. Chris is also treasurer of the Electric Frontier Foundation -
Austin, working to ensure the internet remains a “level playing”
• field for the end user.
• Chris received a degree from UT Dallas in May, 1989 with areas of specialization in communication,
computer science, and management.
54. • 1. Danielson, R.D., Tousignant, L., and Bar-Cohen, A.,Saturated Pool
Boiling Characteristics of Commercially Available Perfluorinated
Liquids, Proc. of ASME/JSME Thermal Engineering Joint Conference,
1987.
• 2. Bergles, A.E., and Bar-Cohen, A., Immersion Cooling of Digital
Computers, Cooling of Electronic Systems , Kakac, S., Yuncu, H., and
Hijikata,K., eds, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA, pp. 539-
621, 1994.
• 3. Mudawar, I., and Maddox, D.E., Critical Heat Flux in Subcooled Flow
Boiling of Fluorocarbon Liquid on a Simulated Chip in a Vertical
Rectangular Channel, Intl. J Heat and Mass Transfer, 32, 1989.
• 4. Chrysler, G.M., Chu, R.C., and Simons, R.E., Jet Impingement Boiling
of a Dielectric Coolant in Narrow Gaps, IEEE Trans. CHMT-Part A, Vol.
18 (3), pp.527-533, 1995.
• 5. Danielson, R.D., Krajewski, N., and Brost, J., Cooling a Superfast
Computer, Electronic Packaging and Production, pp. 44-45, July 1986.
References
55. • “Are Zinc Whiskers Growing in Your Computer Room?” R. Hill, Data Clean Corp.; http://www.dataclean.com/pdf/
zincwhiskers3.pdf.
• “Testing Your Mettle: Zinc Whiskers in the Data Center,”B. Brown, Network World, Nov. 2004,
http://www.nwfusion.com/news/2004/110104widernetwhiskers.html
• Pesky ‘Whiskers’ Zap PCs in Secretary of State’s Office,” Aldo Svaldi, The Denver Post, 1 July 2004, pp. C-01.
• • “Precautions Against Zinc Whiskers,” Compaq Corp., Power Requirements for Non-Stop Himalaya Servers—
429905-001, http://h71033.www7.hp.com/TechPubs/PDF/Power_Requirements/TPSEC05.pdf.
• “What Nasty Little Things Are Lurking Inside Your Data Center?” S. Tucker, Unisys World Monthly, Nov. 2002;
http://www.unisysworld.com/monthly/2002/11/whiskers.shtml.
• “Zinc Whisker Abatement,” Worldwide Environmental Services; http://www.wes.net/field_engineering_services-
zinc_
• whisker_detail.htm.
• “Zinc Whiskers: Could Zinc Whiskers Be Impacting Your Electronics?” J. Brusse, Apr. 2003; http://
nepp.nasa.gov/whisker/reference/tech_papers/Brusse2003-Zinc-Whisker-Awareness.pdf.
• “Zinc Whisker Contamination: A Paper on the Effect and Abatement of Zinc Whiskers in Data Processing Centers,”
D. Loman, HP Services; http://www.dataclean.com/pdf/ZincWhiskerWhitePaper.pdf.
• “Zinc Whiskers Growing on Raised Floor Tiles are Causing Conductive Contamination Failures and Equipment
• Shutdowns,” The Uptime Institute; http://www.upsite.com/TUIpages/tuiflashzinc.html.
• “Zinc Whiskers on Floor Tiles,” Infinite Access Floors; http://www.accessfloors.com.au/zincwhiskers.htm.
• “Zinc Whisker Induced Failures in Electronic Systems,” ERA Technology, Winter 2003,
http://www.era.co.uk/news/rfa_feature_06.asp.
• “Whisker Alert,” Japan Electronics & Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA), Jan. 2002;
http://it.jeita.or.jp/infosys/info/whisker/ (in Japanese).
• http://www.layerzero.com/Innovations/stainless_steel_hardware.html (Data Center & Zinc whisker mitigation)
Zinc Whisker References
56. Contact Information
Questions?
Contact Cheryl Tulkoff,
ctulkoff@dfrsolutions.com,
512-913-8624
www.dfrsolutions.com
Connect with me in LinkedIn as well!
See the server dunking videos at
http://www.midasgreentech.com/svlg/