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ERU-2-wsn.ppt
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- 2. Outline • Motes &Wireless Sensor Networks • WSN Applications • TinyOS • WSN research at the Dialog Lab
- 3. Motes & Wireless SensorNetworks
- 4. Mote • A verylow cost low power computer • Monitors one or more sensors • A Radio Link to the outside world • Are the building blocks of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) External Memory Digital I/O ports Radio Transceiver Analog I/O Ports Microcontroller A/D D/A Sensor Sensor
- 5. Wireless Sensor Network “Awireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants, at different locations.” - Wikipedia
- 6. Wireless Sensor Networks •Formed by hundreds or thousands of motes that communicate with each other and pass data along from one to another • Research done in this area focus mostly on energy aware computing and distributed computing Super Node Links to Other networks or Similar Super Nodes Motes
- 7. WSN Applications • Environmental/Habitatmonitoring • Acoustic detection • Seismic Detection • Military surveillance • Inventory tracking • Medical monitoring • Smart spaces • Process Monitoring
- 8. Habitat Monitoring onGreat Duck Island • http://www.greatduckisland.net/ • Intel Research Laboratory at Berkeley initiated a collaboration with the College of the Atlantic in Bar Harbor and the University of California at Berkeley to deploy wireless sensor networks on Great Duck Island, Maine (in 2002) • Monitor the microclimates in and around nesting burrows used by the Leach's Storm Petrel • Goal : habitat monitoring kit for researchers worldwide
- 9. FireBug • Wildfire InstrumentationSystem Using Networked Sensors • Allows predictive analysis of evolving fire behavior • Firebugs: GPS-enabled, wireless thermal sensor motes based on TinyOS that self-organize into networks for collecting real time data in wild fire environments • Software architecture: Several interacting layers (Sensors, Processing of sensor data, Command center) • A project by University of California, Berkeley CA.
- 10. Preventive Maintenance onan Oil Tanker in the North Sea: The BP Experiment • Collaboration of Intel & BP • Use of sensor networks to support preventive maintenance on board an oil tanker in the North Sea. • A sensor network deployment onboard the ship • System gathered data reliably and recovered from errors when they occurred. • The project was recognized by InfoWorld as one of the top 100 IT projects in 2004,
- 11. • Basically alocation-aware mote. • Includes an Ultrasound transmitter and receiver. • Uses the combination of RF and Ultrasound technologies to establish differential time of arrival and hence linear range estimates • Based on Cricket Indoor Location System developed by a MIT researcher Nissanka Bodhi Priyantha “Cricket” Mote
- 12. TinyOS • What isTinyOS – open-source operating system – wireless embedded sensor networks – component-based architecture • Developed at UCB in collaboration with Intel Research • Current Stable Version is 1.1.15 • TinyOS 2.0 (T2) released on 6/11 • Main Ideas – – Low complexity – Conserve power – sleep as frequently as possible • Written in nesC – next generation C compiler
- 13. Different Targets mica mica2mica2dot micaz telos telosb rene2 pc
- 14. Mica2 • Extremely popularmote • 8-bit AVR Controller • FSK radio • Data-logger flash
- 15. Our contributions to theWSN world
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- 17. Data Mule • DataMule– a mobile entity present in the environment that will pick up data from the mote when in range, buffer it, and drop off the data at base station –ex: People, Vehicles, Livestock
- 18. Data Mule Data Mule BaseStation Leaf Node
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- 21. Data Mule -Applications • Collecting a data in a sparse sensor network • Tracking movement of mobile elements – Vehicles – Livestock – Wild Animals
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- 23. Data Mule -Research undertaken • Development of a TDMA/CSMA hybrid MAC – TinyOS currently has a CSMA MAC – Hope to improve throughput by employing TDMA – Time is divided into transmission periods and contention periods – Nodes will contend with each other to join “the transmission group” during the contention period. – Nodes in the transmission group will be allocated a time-slot in the transmission period. • Development of data storage engine optimized for fast retrieval
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