The document discusses an observation sheet used by a resource teacher to observe principles of learning in the classroom. It lists 4 principles: 1) clear expectations and outcomes are set, 2) learning is active, 3) learning allows discovery of personal meaning, and 4) learning is cooperative. The teacher mostly applied principle 4 through group activities. Principle 3 was least applied by not allowing student ideas. Non-application affected learning by not engaging or motivating students. The observer agrees with the principles and believes adopting cooperative learning and improving on treating students as empty vessels will benefit learning.

1. WALTER TORINO RAVAL
BTVTED CSS 4A BANDURA
FS 2 Episode 2
My Tools
As I observe a class, I will use the Observation Sheet for a more focused observation then analyze and reflect
on my observations with the help of guide questions.
OBSERVATION SHEET # 1
Resource Teacher: Mrs. Maria Fe G. Latada Teacher’s Signature:
School: Dilanggalen National High School Date: September 21, 2021
Grade/ Year Level: Grade 11 Subject Area: T.L.E.
Principle of Learning What did the Resource Teacher do which applies/contradict
the learning principles?
Application
of the Principles
Non-
application/Contradiction
of the Principle
1. Effective learning begins with the setting of
the clear and high expectations and learning
outcomes
Teacher writes her intended
learning outcome on the board.
Other cooperating teachers
did not specify his learning
outcomes at the beginning
of the class.
2. Learning is an active process. Pupil writes letter A instead of
Teacher writing it for him/her.
Teacher lets the learner do
the learning activity.
3. Learning is the discovery of personal
meaning and relevance of ideas.
The Teacher gives students the
opportunity to create and share
their ideas on the subject and
discuss it in front of the class.
Other teachers do not let
their students talk in front
of the class because
students' ideas sometimes
don't fit the lesson.
4. Learning is a cooperative and collaborative
process. Learning is enhanced in an atmosphere
of cooperation and collaboration.
As the Teacher gives them
activities so that each student
can cooperate and participate
and they will learn to mingle
or socialize with others.
Let the students have group
activities. Some of the
teachers give this task and
sometimes do not because
of the students an idea
sometimes was not the

2. same and can cause
arguments sometimes.
My Analysis
1. Which principle/s of learning was/were most applied?
Answer:
Learning is a cooperative and collaborative process
2. Which principle of learning was least applied? Why was/were the principles not very much applied?
Give instances where this/these principle/s could have been applied.
Answer:
The principle that applied least was the process of problem solving & learning is highly unique
as an individual.
3. How did the application of these learning principles affect learning?
Answer:
The applications are generally defined as any educational method involving students in the
learning process. In short, it requires students to do meaningful learning activities and reflect on what
they are doing.
4. How did the non-application of these learning principles affect learning?
Answer:
These principles are neglected learning. When these principles are neglected, the learning
process may not be effective. If students are not ready to learn or lack the motivation to learn they may
not absorb acquired knowledge.

3. 5. Do you agree with these principles of learning? Or have you discovered that they are not always
correct?
Answer:
Yes! I greed. The effective teacher must have an instructional methods have repeatedly been found
inferior to instruction that involves active learning, in which students solve problems, answer questions,
ask questions of their own, discuss, explain, discuss or think in class. Most of the principles of learning
are really applied in teaching especially for those who are teaching for a long time.
My Reflections
My reflections and lessons learned on my observations of my Resource Teacher’s/s’ application/non-application
of these principles.
Among those practices that I observed, which practices will I adopt and which ones will I improve on?
What lessons did I learn?
Surprisingly, the use of the term "active learning" was based more on native understanding than a common
definition. As a result, many faculties say that all learning is intrinsically active and that, therefore, students are
actively involved in listening to official classroom presentations. Students should do more than listen: they need
to read, write, discuss or engage in problem solving. Most importantly, to be actively involved, students must
engage in such higher-order thinking tasks as analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. In this context, it is proposed
that strategies that promote active learning be defined as educational activities involving students in doing
things and thinking about what they are doing.
Practice worth adopting
Learning is a cooperative and a collaborative process”. To learn is to teach students things they don't know well
and to interpret things they have understood lessons. A teacher was very effective in the implementation of
these principles as a whole, as one can distinguish how she/he leads her/him class. It can create a perfect
classroom in which it is conducive to learning and provides effective learning. As an observer and a person, you
may feel in a certain situation things that seem bad. Active learning can take many forms and be performed in
any discipline. Generally, students will engage in small or large writing-based activities, speaking, problem
solving, or reflecting

4. Practices to avoid and to improve on
Treat students like an empty ship. The goal of learning is to give children what they need, and to make them
realize things that they could not earn outside the class with guidance of a teacher. The teacher should not feel
the students that they are the one who always the resource of the information. The learning’s goal is to give the
children what they need, and make them realize things that they could not gain outside the class with guidance
of a teacher. We are now leaving in a computer world, which means that we are now leaving in advance society.
As a teacher, we must avoid this kind of treatment to students because students are sometimes more advanced
on the basis of learning on what kind of society we are leaving now. We must be reasonable sometimes and
understand that they have a self - restored knowledge.
Lesson Learned
Lessons I have learned from my observations on the classroom application of the principles of learning is You
should relate the lesson to the experiences of the students. Give them lessons and examples that will let them
understand easily the lessons.
Integrating Theory and Practice
Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer. Episode 1
1. Teacher Rose believes that students need not know the intended learning outcome of her lesson. She proceeds
to her learning activities at once without letting them know what they are supposed to learn for the day. Which
principle of learning does Teacher Rose negate?
A. Effective learning begins with setting clear expectations and learning outcomes.
B. Learning is an active process.
C. Learning is the discovery of the personal meaning of ideas.
D. Learning is a cooperative and collaborative process.
Answer: A
2. Teacher Emma notices that in group work, students just leave the work to the leader and so vowed never to
give group work again. Against which principles of learning is Teacher Emma decision?
A. Learning is an active process.
B. Learning is the discovery of the personal meaning of ideas.
C. Learning is a cooperative and collaborative process.
D. Effective learning begins with setting clear expectations and learning outcomes.
Answer: C

5. 3. In her desire to finish the content of the course syllabus, Teacher Love just lectures while students listen.
Which principle of learning does Teacher Love violate?
A. Learning is the discovery of the personal meaning of ideas.
B. Learning is a cooperative and collaborative process.
C. Effective learning begins with setting clear expectations and learning outcomes.
D. Learning is an active process.
Answer: D
4. Teacher Arielle asks her students to see the connection of their new lesson to their own personal experiences
and share the same with the class. Teacher believes in which principle of learning?
A. Learning is a cooperative and collaborative process.
B. Effective learning begins with setting clear expectations and learning outcomes.
C. Learning is an active process.
D. Learning is the discovery of the personal meaning of ideas.
Answer: D
5. Teacher Lil avoids drills out to context. She gives real-world Math problems for student to drill on. Teacher
Lil is very much convinced of which principle of learning?
A. Learning is an active process.
B. Learning is the discovery of the personal meaning of ideas.
C. Learning is a cooperative and collaborative process.
D. Effective learning begins with setting clear expectations and learning outcomes.
Answer: B

6. My Learning Portfolio
You may wish to state the principles of learning in your own words or illustrate each with diagram. Feel free to
choose below.
Principles of Learning in My Own Words
The principle of learning in my words is that learning can take place in a different level and topics and be more
attentively explored. The reason for this is deeper understanding of the learning materials. Learning can be
acquired by everyone until there's a willingness to learn. The teacher can never learn for their students, but is
the student who needs the willing to learn to acquire knowledge. The teacher will be there to guide and facilitate
learning for students, but students need work for them to be capable of learning.