This document provides information about the ancient city of Ephesus through descriptions of various archaeological finds and structures. It discusses the city's drainage system, theatre used by the city council, ongoing excavations that have uncovered wealthy homes and only about half of the city so far. Other topics covered include the library built by Emperor Celsius that held 12,000 scrolls, public latrines similar to those found at Hadrian's Wall, St. John's Church which is believed to be the burial place of St. John the Apostle, and the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, located near the city and dedicated to the goddess Artemis.

1. EphEsusEphEsus
An AnciEnt cityAn AnciEnt city
pArt iiipArt iii

2. DrAinAgEDrAinAgE
 Drainage system usedDrainage system used
by the Ephesians. Itby the Ephesians. It
begins to make onebegins to make one
wonder just how hardwonder just how hard
their lives truly were.their lives truly were.

3. thEAtrEthEAtrE
 City council theatreCity council theatre
 Wealthy patrons wouldWealthy patrons would
gather here to discussgather here to discuss
politics and governmentpolitics and government

4. ExcAvAtions continuEExcAvAtions continuE
 Here is a hill withHere is a hill with
things poking out but itthings poking out but it
has yet to behas yet to be
uncovered.uncovered.
 ArchaeologistsArchaeologists
estimate only 50% ofestimate only 50% of
Ephesus has beenEphesus has been
excavated.excavated.

5. ExcAvAtionsExcAvAtions
 The wealthy homes areThe wealthy homes are
still being excavated.still being excavated.
 The pictures here areThe pictures here are
from four years offrom four years of
work.work.

6. LibraryLibrary
 Built by the RomanBuilt by the Roman
emperor Celsiusemperor Celsius
 There were 3 floorsThere were 3 floors
even though the fronteven though the front
made it look like 2made it look like 2
 It held 12000 booksIt held 12000 books
and scrolls alland scrolls all
destroyed by firedestroyed by fire

7. LibraryLibrary
 There were statues inThere were statues in
each little box thingeach little box thing
 You can see the onesYou can see the ones
on the bottom, they areon the bottom, they are
wisdom, knowledge,wisdom, knowledge,
justice, and virtue.justice, and virtue.
 To the right you canTo the right you can
see the entry to thesee the entry to the
Agora (market)Agora (market)

8. LibraryLibrary
 A close up of St.A close up of St.
Sofia, one of theSofia, one of the
statuesstatues
 You can see the 5You can see the 5
letters at the bottomletters at the bottom
spelling “spelling “ΣΟΦΙΑΣΟΦΙΑ””
(Sofia)(Sofia)
 Represents wisdomRepresents wisdom

9. LibraryLibrary

10. LibraryLibrary
 Had a secret tunnel toHad a secret tunnel to
the brothelthe brothel
 Rumor has it that menRumor has it that men
would tell their wiveswould tell their wives
they were going to thethey were going to the
library and then…library and then…

11. DeathDeath
 Bodies of the richBodies of the rich
were buried inwere buried in
sarcophogisarcophogi
 Sarcophogus meansSarcophogus means
“flesh eating box”“flesh eating box”
because the bodybecause the body
would disappearwould disappear
leaving only the bonesleaving only the bones
after awhile.after awhile.
 Smaller sarcophogiSmaller sarcophogi
held ashes of crematedheld ashes of cremated
remains rather thanremains rather than
smaller bodiessmaller bodies

12. LatrinesLatrines
 Built around emperorBuilt around emperor
Hadrian’s time andHadrian’s time and
looked similar to thelooked similar to the
ones at Hadrian's wallones at Hadrian's wall
 In public toiletsIn public toilets
everyone sat next toeveryone sat next to
each other to use theeach other to use the
toilettoilet

13. Latrines at haDrian’sLatrines at haDrian’s
WaLLWaLL
 Seats around the outsideSeats around the outside
 Had a small aquaductHad a small aquaduct
flowing around in front offlowing around in front of
the seats, then into thethe seats, then into the
start of the latrine line’sstart of the latrine line’s
flusher, functioning as a sinkflusher, functioning as a sink
 People used a sponge toPeople used a sponge to
wipe themselveswipe themselves

14. st. John’s ChurChst. John’s ChurCh
 The burial place of St.The burial place of St.
John, one of theJohn, one of the
apostles from theapostles from the
Bible.Bible.
 He spreadHe spread
Christianity toChristianity to
Ephesus at a timeEphesus at a time
when the goddesswhen the goddess
Artemis was muchArtemis was much
revered.revered.

15. st. John’s ChurChst. John’s ChurCh
 It is thought that JohnIt is thought that John
brought Mary, the motherbrought Mary, the mother
of Jesus Christ to liveof Jesus Christ to live
here at Ephesus afterhere at Ephesus after
Christ was crucified.Christ was crucified.
 Ephesus had JewishEphesus had Jewish
people living there too butpeople living there too but
the Christians had athe Christians had a
harder time because theyharder time because they
kept trying to convert thekept trying to convert the
Ephesians.Ephesians.

16. Temple of ArTemisTemple of ArTemis
 One of the seven wondersOne of the seven wonders
of the ancient world.of the ancient world.
 Located a few kilometresLocated a few kilometres
from Ephesus because itfrom Ephesus because it
was built near the first citywas built near the first city
and later the city wasand later the city was
movedmoved
 Very little remains becauseVery little remains because
people took the pieces topeople took the pieces to
build other things.build other things.

17. Temple of ArTemisTemple of ArTemis
 Almost three times theAlmost three times the
size of the Parthenonsize of the Parthenon
 Supported by 127Supported by 127
columnscolumns
 Artemis was theArtemis was the
patron goddess ofpatron goddess of
EphesusEphesus
 Built on a bog toBuilt on a bog to
protect it fromprotect it from
earthquakesearthquakes

18. The EndThe End
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