Temperature measures how hot or cold something is using degrees, while heat refers to the amount of thermal energy measured in joules. While a swimming pool may have a lower temperature than a cup of tea, the pool contains more water and thus stores more heat energy. Although a small beaker of water boils first, a larger beaker needs more heat to reach the same temperature due to containing more water. Energy can be transferred through various means including sound, light, and thermal without being lost, following the law of conservation of energy.

1. Ener g y basics

2. Temperature
and Heat
Temperature and heat
are NOT THE SAME.

3. Temperature
How hot or cold it is.
Measured in degrees Celsiu

4. Heat
The amount of thermal energy,
measured in joules or J.
A cup of hot tea
has heat energy
in the form of
kinetic energy
from its particles.

5. A swimming pool at 30°C is
at a lower temperature
than a cup of tea at 80°C.
BUT
the swimming
pool contains
more water, so
it stores more
thermal energy
or heat.

6. The small beaker of
water boils first
The large
beaker
contains
more water
and needs
more
thermal
energy or
heat to
reach 100°C.

7. Chemical energy stored in it
is transferred to the
surroundings as thermal
energy, sound energy and
kinetic energy.

8. Sound energy can be transferred
to your eardrum as kinetic
energy (movement energy).

9. The battery transfers stored
chemical energy as
electrical energy. The
electrical energy is transferred
to the surroundings by the lamp
as light energy and thermal

10. Energy
transfer

11. The Law of
Conservation of Energy
Energy is always conserved, it
is never "lost" or "wasted“.
Some energy transfers are
useful and some are not.

12. Sankey diagrams