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“Non-Jewish Victims of the Holocaust” Enemies of the State Timothy Hensley Research Librarian Virginia Holocaust Museum
Question: How many people died during the Holocaust?
Answer:  Between 11 million and 17 million* * We use 13 million
Question:  Who were the victims?
Jews (6 million) Roma & Sinti (250,000) Handicapped (80,000) Soviets (3 million) Poles (3 million) Serbians (700,000) Political opponents (80,000) Homosexuals (12,000) Jehovah’s Witnesses (2500) Answer: Source:  Holocaust Chronicle
Victim Rosette
Race
Ideology
Nation
“Race Science” The pseudo-science of 20th Century Eugenics
Father of modern eugenics Francis Galton
The Nazi’s used “junk science” to target certain groups.  “Race Hygiene” “Bad genes enter a village”
Hair samples Profiling Facial measurements
Result of Nazi “racial science”
“Racial Enemies” Handicapped, Roma & Sinti (Gypsies), Afro-Germans
The handicapped were promoted as a drain on federal dollars. Sterilization Law (1933)
Eugenic sterilization programs were found throughout the US in the 1930s. U.S. Eugenics
The handicapped were murdered by lethal injection and eventually gas chambers. Operation T4 (1939)
[object Object]
Nationless
 Drain on the StateRoma & Sinti
[object Object]
 Deportation
 Concentration
 ExterminationNazi Policy toward “Gypsies”
[object Object]
 French-African troops
 Treaty of Versailles
 RhinelandAfro-Germans
“[Hitler] was highly annoyed by the series of triumphs by the marvelous colored American runner, Jesse Owens. People whose antecedents came from the jungle were primitive, Hitler said with a shrug; their physiques were stronger than those of civilized whites and hence should be excluded from future games.” --Albert Speer Berlin Olympics1936
Afro-Germans were frequently used in Nazi propaganda posters. “Insult to the German nation” “Racial pride fades”
Jazz music was attacked as being the product of a “lesser race.” Degenerate Music
According to one liberator's testimony there were approximately 8000 Afro-German or mixed-race Germans in Dachau. 8000 in Dachau?
“Ideological Enemies” Political Dissidents, Homosexuals, Jehovah’s Witnesses
[object Object]
 Backlash against the “bourgeoisie”
Were the first sent to concentration campsPolitical opponents
Spent six years in Buchenwald as a political prisoner Eugene Kogon

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Enemies of the State

Editor's Notes

  1. Courtesy http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/
  2. Courtesy CHGS
  3. Courtesy of Pierre Grande Guerre
  4. Courtesy FCIT