ENE3 - One year after: phosphorus recycling in Germany - Daniel Frank - German Phosphorus Platform

Presentation at the 3rd European Nutrient Event (ENE3) at Ecomondo 2018, 8 - 9 November, Rimini, Italy - Towards circular economy of phosphorus and other nutrients Co-organised by the European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform (ESPP) and Horizon 2020 project SMART-Plant. More information www.smart-plant.eu/ENE3 www.phosphorusplatform.eu

Government & Nonprofit

1 year after -
phosphorus recyling in Germany
Daniel Frank
German Phosphorus-Platform DPP
3rd EUROPEAN NUTRIENT EVENT @ ECOMONDO 2018
8 - 9 November 2018, Rimini, Italy
www.smart-plant.eu/ENE3

www.smart-plant.eu/ENE3
The European perspective
• Total production of sewage sludge from municipal wwtp:
• 9.360 mio t (2015)/ 9.697mio t (2010)
• Sludge recycling – use in agriculture:
• 3.709 mio t = 39.6% (2015)/ 45.2% (2010)
(Source: Eurostat, Sewage sludge production and disposal, last update 15.09.2017)

www.smart-plant.eu/ENE3
Relevance of using sewage
sludge in agriculture
Very high recycling
(50 – 85 %):
BG, DK, F, IRL, E, GB
High recycling
(25 -49 %)
CZ, LV, LT, I, L, P, S
Low recycling
( 10 -24 %)
B, CY, D, EST, GR, A, PL
Very low recycling
( 1-9 %)
RO, HR, H, FIN
No recycling
( - %)
SK, SLO, NL, M

www.smart-plant.eu/ENE3
Disposal pathways of sewage sludge in Germany (municipal WWTP)
24%
10%
2%
65% agriculture
landscaping
other
Incineration
0,17 Mio t
0,03 Mio t
1,14 Mio t
Disposal
2016 in total: 1,77 Mio. t
0,42 Mio t

www.smart-plant.eu/ENE3
New Sewage Sludge Ordinance: Consequences
Revision of the sewage sludge ordinance includes:
• WWTPs with a capacity of more than 100.000 person equivalents have to
recycle phosphorus after a transition period of 12 years
• WWTPs with a capacity of more than 50.000 person equivalents have to
recycle phosphorus after a transition period of 15 years
• direct use of sewage sludge as fertiliser is not allowed after the transition
period of 12/15 years (for the types of WWTP mentioned above)
• Exemptions for WWTP <50.000 PE - these WWTPs can use sewage
sludge even after the transition period as fertiliser, or apply a P-recovery step

www.smart-plant.eu/ENE3
Possibilities to recover phosphorus:
I. No co-incineration of sludges with more than 20 g P/kg DM
– Phosphorus recycling is obligatory before thermal treatment
II. Ashes from mono incineration plants
- have to be treated further to produce fertilising materials,
intermediates for further processing (input materials) or acid
III. or
- have to be stored separately to recover phosphorus later
New Sewage Sludge Ordinance: Consequences

www.smart-plant.eu/ENE3
WWTP operators
industry
developers
plant engineering
research
politics
municipalities
disposer
agriculture
fertiliser industry
Cooperation is essential!

www.smart-plant.eu/ENE3
Thermal treatment facilities (2016)(3)
 31 Mono incineration plants (sewage sludge) ca. 650.000 t/a TS
 No free capacity (2018)
 21 Coal power plants ca. 420.000 t/a TS
 Capacity stagnating and future reduction (2035+) (2018)
 34 Cement plants ca. 120.000 t/a TS
 capacity increasing (2018)
 97 Waste incineration plants ca. 80.000 t/a TS
 capacity diminshing (2018)
 roughly 1,27 Mio. TS are treated thermally

• Situation to face:
• Incineration capacity needed!
• Mono vs. co  no clear preference, but some hurdles
• Mono-incineration plants need:
• Construction time
• Investments needed
• Co-incineration facilities:
• Coal is fading out
• Cement works are at the moment not considering taking all sewage sludge; lack of
communication!
www.smart-plant.eu/ENE3

• Even more obstacles:
• Interim storage capacities for sewage sludge
• Enforcement aid for the sewage sludge
ordinance still under preparation
• P-recovery technologies are still under delevopment
• Large scale operation is missing
• Operators are not ready to invest
 who wants to be the first?
• Market for the materials?
• Farmers need guarantees and strong legal
guidelines as supportive measurement
www.smart-plant.eu/ENE3

• All bad?
• Not at all!
• Typical behaviour upfront a technology adaptation
• Networks can facilitate the lack of communication;
DPP provides all needed information (data sheets, FAQs)
• Germany can become world wide exporter for
P-recovery technologies
www.smart-plant.eu/ENE3

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Slides ESPP Italy P Platform 12_12_23.pdf

The Italian Phosphorus Platform held its annual meeting on December 12, 2023. The Platform is a nonprofit association established in 2014 that represents over 50 members from industries, SMEs, research institutes, and public entities involved in phosphorus recycling and nutrient management. In 2023, the Platform made progress on several EU regulatory dossiers, including revisions to the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive, Sewage Sludge Directive, and Nitrates Directive. It also advanced definitions and standards for bio-based and recycled nutrients. The Platform will hold several meetings in 2024 on these topics to continue facilitating phosphorus recycling in Europe.

Thornton ESPP slides RAMIRAN September 2023 11_9_23

This document discusses recent developments in European policies related to water, nutrients, and organics recycling. It notes that the European Commission has proposed tighter standards for phosphorus and nitrogen in the revised Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive. The proposal also includes targets for minimum phosphorus and nitrogen reuse and recycling from sewage sludge, and empowers the Commission to set specific recovery rates. The document outlines ongoing discussions in the European Parliament and Council regarding these proposed changes. It also discusses other relevant policies and regulations including the EU Taxonomy, Sewage Sludge Directive revision, and national policies in countries like Germany, Austria and Switzerland mandating phosphorus recovery from sewage.

NH3 Event Europe_ESPP_ Robert van Spingelen

This document discusses nitrogen recovery and the European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform (ESPP) expanding its scope to include nitrogen. ESPP held a meeting in January 2023 to kick off their involvement in nitrogen recovery. They developed a technology catalogue for nitrogen recovery and are organizing an event in June 2023 to showcase research and link EU R&D policy to industry implementation. Recovering nitrogen from waste streams has benefits like reducing emissions, energy consumption, and synergizing with climate neutrality objectives. However, aqueous nitrogen solutions are not compatible with industrial fertilizer logistics due to transport and drying costs. More research is needed to develop processes that recover nitrogen in concentrated, transportable forms like compressed ammonia or solid nitrogen

ESPP EUCHEMS Brussels

This document provides information about the European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform (ESPP) and its work on various EU policy dossiers related to phosphorus recycling and nutrient management. The ESPP is a not-for-profit organization with over 50 members from industries, research institutions, and cities/regions. It aims to balance societal and industry interests regarding nutrient conservation. The document outlines several EU regulatory proposals and consultations that the ESPP is engaged in, such as the EU Taxonomy for sustainable finance, the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive recast, and the Critical Raw Materials Act. It also describes national laws in Switzerland and Germany that mandate phosphorus recycling from sewage.

Reality and practice of nutrient recycling in Europe: a review

In Spanish: “Encaje de los productos biofertilisantes recuperados de las deye...

Este documento resume las actividades y logros de la Plataforma Europea de Fósforo Sostenible (ESPP) en 2022. La ESPP es una asociación sin ánimo de lucro que reúne a más de 50 miembros de industrias, PYMEs, institutos de investigación y gobiernos locales y regionales. La ESPP trabaja para promover el diálogo entre partes interesadas y desarrollar propuestas políticas conjuntas relacionadas con la recuperación y reciclaje de nutrientes en Europa. Algunos de los temas abord

ESPP presentation on sewage sludge biochar as fertiliser: regulations and per...

This document discusses biochars and their regulatory status under the EU Fertilising Products Regulation. It provides context on sewage sludge management in Europe and the types of materials allowed as input for biochars under the regulation. Currently, sewage sludge and most animal by-products are excluded from being used as inputs for biochar due to a lack of evidence on contaminant removal. The regulatory status of sewage sludge biochars is still under development at both the EU and national levels.

EU policy developments and phosphorus

Developments in EU Policies will impact phosphorus use

Routes for P-recover from sewage

This document discusses the importance and methods of recovering phosphorus from municipal wastewater. Phosphorus is a critical raw material for fertilizer production, and recovering it from wastewater could meet up to 50% of fertilizer demand. Various technologies exist to extract phosphorus from sewage sludge and wastewater treatment byproducts like biosolids and ash. Methods include struvite precipitation, absorption to materials, precipitation processes, and incineration with ash processing. The EU supports phosphorus recycling and has policies to increase recycling and reduce nutrient losses from wastewater.

ECSM’2019: European Conference on Sludge Management

This document provides an overview of the European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform (ESPP) conference on sewage sludge management in Europe. It discusses several key topics: - An introduction to ESPP, including its goals of promoting sustainability and nutrient recycling through consensus-based decision making and partnerships. - Global challenges around resource scarcity and pollution, and the need for policies and strategies to close material loops and transition to a circular economy. - Relevant policies from the UN, EU, and some countries aimed at sustainable nutrient management and phosphorus recycling, including new regulations supporting recycled fertilizers. - Opportunities for nutrient recycling from sewage sludge and wastewater under the new EU

ESPP presentation at International Phosphorus Workshop (IPW9)

This document provides information on phosphorus and nutrient management in the EU context. It summarizes the work of the European Sustainable Phosphorus Platform (ESPP) including its goals of phosphorus stewardship, circular economy, and policy engagement. It also outlines ESPP activities, membership, funding, and partnerships with other nutrient platforms worldwide. Key EU policies around agriculture, water, waste, and fertilizers are discussed. Ongoing and upcoming Horizon 2020 projects on nutrient recovery and recycling are listed. Plans for the Horizon Europe research program beginning in 2021 are previewed, including its structure and proposed missions.

What does agronomic science tell us about the value to farmers and to soil of...

Organics recycling from a UK perspective: Generating added value for upstream...

How do we deal with circular economy? - Vincent Walker - OvinAlp

The importance of developing products and markets for the Circular Economy - ...

Interactions between growing media and organic fertiliser markets, products, ...

Organic-based fertiliser markets and the circular economy - Chris Thornton - ...

Opportunities for waste recycling and nutrient reuse from digestate - Europea...