The document discusses emergent learning and learning ecologies in Web 2.0 environments. It explores the conditions that enable self-organized, emergent learning and how to integrate emergent and prescriptive learning approaches. The document presents case studies on emergent learning in Wikipedia, early childhood education, massive open online courses, a self-organizing masters course, and a "Hole in the Wall" experiment. Key findings are that emergent learning increasingly occurs whether intended or not, and that teachers and managers need to rethink provision to balance openness with constraints through monitoring, response, and supporting positive outcomes.