This document summarizes a study that measured gaseous emissions from three different treatments of solid dairy cattle manure heaps: an uncovered control heap, a covered heap, and a compacted and covered heap. The treatments were monitored over an 11-week storage period. Key results include: 1) Ammonia emissions were highest from the control heap (<12% of total nitrogen) and lowest from the compacted heap (<4%). Nitrous oxide emissions were <0.2% of total nitrogen for all treatments. 2) Methane emissions were 10 times higher for the compacted heap compared to the other treatments. 3) Most emissions occurred in the first month after storage began, with little

1. 23/05/2017 EmiLi 2017
Gaseous emissions of 3 solid manure
heap treatments :
control, covered, covered&compacted
at storage
Lorinquer, E., Charpiot, A., Robin, P., Lecomte, M.
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Partners
Financial support

2. CONTEXT
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Livestock manure : ~ 65% NH3 national emissions (CITEPA, 2014)
Cattle ~ 50%
FR 4,2 t milk / ha
• High diversity production
system (feeding, housing,
manure management)
• 80 % of french livestock
manure are solid manure
with 69 million tons/year
• Few references concerning
farm yard manure gaz
emissions

3. PROJECT OBJECTIVES
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1. Measure gas emissions of solid manure at storage in 3 different management
ways
Compacted and coveredControl = field storage Covered
2. Lab emissions measurements
3. Simplified (spotted) method to measure
gas emissions coupled with a model
Focus on this part

4. MATERIAL & METHODS
Product studied :
- Solid manure from deep litter dairy
barn
- ~ 70 dairy cows fed mainly at winter
time with maize and grass silage
- ~5tons of solid manure per heaps
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3 weeks accumulation Storage : 11 weeksStorage : 11 weeks
21/01/13 13/02/13 24/04/13
Spreading
Sequence of events :
Heaps characteristics
• Weight, manure sampling,
heaps shape & volume at the
start and end of storage

5. MATERIAL & METHODS
Climate parameters :
- Humidity, rainfall, temperatures
- Inside heaps temperatures (at 3 different heights -
thermocouple & central data acquisition – Campbell)
- Weighting and sampling all leachates from heap every week
Gas emissions :
- Method : Wind tunnel
- Frequency : Covered during first 5 days after starting storage and once a
week for 24h during all storage period
- Ventilation : Mechanical exhaust air (FANCOM)
- Concentration gas : H2O, CO2, NH3, CH4, N2O with INNOVA 1412

6. RESULTS
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leachate
Rainfall
Gas
Control Coveref
Cov.
Comp.
Ntot_leach(%i) 0,7 0,6 0,7
Control Coveref
Cov.
Comp.
%i %i %i
N-NH3 12 7 4
N-N2O 0,1 0,08 0,2
N-N2 24 28 4
C-CH4 0,4 0,3 3
C-CO2 41 26 27
2.1 Mass losses
Mass losses are less
important for control heap
due to higher exposure with
rainfall (not cover)
2.2 Leachates losses
N loss related to
leaching <1% initial
total N
2.3 Gas losses
1- N gases
NH3 : <12% initial total nitrogen – effect
compaction on NH3 emissions
N2O : < 0,2% initial total nitrogen
N2 : major emission
2- C gases
CH4: times 10 when compacted

7. RESULTS
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2.3 Gas losses : kinetics emissions
NH3 CH4
Almost all emissions occured following the first month after storage
Light differences between different treatment regarding NH3 emissions, but still <6%
of initial total nitrogen
Week month
Cont
.
Cov.. C&C.

8. CONCLUSION
• NH3 losses < 12 % initial N
• Solid manure from deep litter system : heterogeneous
manure, sampling and characterization is hard
• Need to look at the french diversity of solid manure
• Look at transfer pollutants on the whole manure
management chain
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9. 23/05/2017 EmiLi 2017
Thanks for your
attention !
elise.lorinquer@idele.fr
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