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Elements of civil engineering
- 1. GROUP – (2) PUNIT CHAURASIYA TOPIC : AGGREGATE ALOK YADAV MORTAR AKASH DUBEY CONCRETE SHIVAM MISHRA
- 2. 1) Aggregate
- 3. Aggregates are an important constituent in concrete. It gives body to concrete, reduce shrinkage and effect economy. Aggregate are made of granite, basalt, Sandstone, quartzite etc. It occupies 70-80% of the volume of concrete.
- 4. (A) Classification Of Aggregate (Based On Weight)
- 5. Heavy weight aggregate Barite Magnetite Limonite Hematite Normal weight aggregate Natural aggregate -Sand, Gravel Basalt, etc Artificial aggregates -Broken Bricks , Air -cooled slag Light weight aggregate Natural Pumice scoria , rice husk , saw- dust Artificial Foamed slag , Bloated clay , Expanded shale
- 6. (B) Classification Of Aggregate (Based On Size)
- 7. (A) Classification of aggregates (Based on shape) (1) Rounded
- 9. (3) Angular
- 10. (4) Flaky
- 11. (B) Classification of aggregates (Based on texture) (1) Glassy
- 12. (2) Smooth
- 13. (3) Granular
- 14. (5) Honey combed
- 15. Requirement of good aggregates : 1) Aggregate should be hard , strong and durable. 2) It should be free from organic impurities. 3) It should be free from grass and roots. 4) Clay content should not exceed 4%. 5) Aggregate should have good soundness. (good resistance to volume change). 6)It should be well graded.
- 16. 2) Mortar
- 17. Mortar is a paste prepared by adding required quantity of building materials like cement or lime and fine aggregate like sand.
- 18. Types Of Mortar 1) Cement Mortar
- 19. 2) Lime Mortar
- 20. 3) Lime – Cement Mortar (Gauged Mortar)
- 21. 4) Mud Mortar
- 22. USES OF MORTAR 1) It should be though , hard and durable. 2) Capable to resist the weathering effect. 3) Resist penetration of rain water Joints formed by mortar must not have any cracks.
- 23. CONCRETE
- 24. Ingredients of concrete 1) Binding Material like cement , lime , polymer. 2)Fine aggregates. 3)Coarse aggregates 4) Water 5) Admixtures.
- 25. Concrete : Concrete is a mixture of Cement + Sand + Aggregates + Water + Admixtures.
- 26. Classification Of Concrete 1) R.C.C Concrete 2) P.C.C Concrete 3) P.S.C Concrete
- 27. R.C.C ( Reinforced Cement Concrete)
- 28. Uses Of R.C.C Concrete 1) General R.C.C work in building viz. beams , columns , slabs , stairs, liners. 2) For water retaining structures. 3) For machine foundation
- 29. P.C.C (Plain Cement Concrete)
- 30. Uses Of P.C.C Concrete 1)It is used in leveling course over plinth or below footing. 2) For mass concrete work for heavy wall. 3) For lean concrete.
- 31. P.S.C ( Prestressed Concrete )
- 32. Uses Of P.S.C Concrete 1) P.S.C concrete has excellent fire resistance , high corrosion resistance . It permits the use of large spans with shallow members. 2) It is used for railway sleepers and electric poles. 3) It is used for large span beams.
- 33. Concrete operation Below given are important operation in concreting. 1) Mixing 2) Transportation 3) Compaction 4) Curing
- 34. Mixing Mixing may be either hand mixing or machine mixing. In hand mixing all the three ingredients are mixed properly and it is continued up till uniform color is obtained. In machine mixing two types of mixers are there tilting and non-tilting . Machine mixing is used for important works. Mixing time of 1(1/4) minutes is sufficient for 1m.