The document discusses electrical safety and provides definitions of key safety and electrical terminology. It outlines several hazards of electricity like inadequate wiring or exposed parts. Electrical accidents can be caused by touching live wires or faulty equipment. Electric current passing through the body can cause painful shocks or organ failure depending on the voltage and current. Procedures for rescuing someone receiving a shock include switching off power, calling a doctor, and providing artificial respiration. Fires can be caused by short circuits or overheating damaging insulation. Proper equipment ratings, good earthing, and insulation are recommended to prevent electrical fires.

1. 2014-15
Seminar On
SUBMITTED BY CLASS TEACHER
NAVEED KHAN PROF. IMRAN
ROLL No:-34021
T.E ELECTRICAL

2. Outline
 Introduction
 Safety Terminology
 Electrical Terminology
 Hazards of Electricity
 Causes of Electrical Accidents
 Effect of Electricity on the Human Body
 Procedures for rescuing the person who have
receive an electric Shock
 Causes of fire due to Electrical Reasons
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3. Introduction
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Safety education must be
an integral part of technology
instruction. In order to prevent
injury to students and teachers,
good safety habits, practices and
attitudes can best be acquired
through a carefully planned and
implemented safety education
program.

4. Safety Terminology
 Safety: The meaning of the term safety is being safe, not
being dangerous or in danger.
 Accident: The event that happens unexpectedly and causes
damage or injury.
 Responsibility: The meaning of responsibility is being
responsible or accountable.
 Authority: The person who has power to give orders and
make others to obey the same.
 Accountability: It is expected from the person incharge of
certain work to give an explanation of something goes
wrong.
 Monitoring: The continuous observations of record or test
of operation of a machine/equipments are carried out.
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5. Electrical Terminology
 VOLTAGE – Unit of measurement of electromotive force
(EMF) in Volt.
 CURRENT – Continuous movement of electrons in
Ampere.
 RESISTANCE – Opposition to movement of electrons in .
 CONDUCTORS – Substances, such as metals, that have
little resistance to electricity.
 INSULATORS – Substances, such as dry Wood, Rubber,
Glass and Bakelite, that have high resistance to electricity.
 GROUNDING – A conductive connection to the earth
which acts as a protective measure.
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6. Hazards of Electricity
The things that arise without planning
or Random
 Inadequate wiring
 Exposed electrical parts
 Wires with bad insulation
 Ungrounded electrical tools /systems
 Overloaded circuits
 Damaged power tools / equipment
 Overhead power lines
All hazards are made worse in wet
conditions.
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7.  In electrical systems, it is
quite possible that faults
may develop haphazardly
causing the disturbance in
the system.
 Whenever there is a
breakdown of insulation
over the wires, it is always
accompanied by generation
of heat and increase of
temperature near about the
fault, resulting fire hazard.
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8. Causes of Electrical Accidents
 A person touches a live wire.
 If the metal frame (body) is
touched.
 Faulty machine touch by a
person.
 Fault puncturing Transformer
insulation making core live,
touched by a person.
 Loose live jumper touching
pole or stay.
 Damage of insulation of cables
used for connecting the
machines.
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9.  Wet walls resulting into
leakage of electric
current.
 Operation of switches
with wet hands.
 If water is used for
quenching fire.
 Line fed from both sides,
if not known to persons
working.
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10. Effect of Electricity on the Human
Body
Depends on:
 Voltage of the System
 Current passing through the Body
 Part of the Body involved
 Period for which organ remains in contact
with live part
 Resistance of the Body
 Supply System
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11. Effects of Current on Human System
 1mA to 8mA: Perceptible, does not cause any pains.
 8mA to 15mA: Painful shock without loss of Muscular
control.
 15mA to 20mA: Painful shock, muscular control of
adjacent muscles lost.
 20mA to 50mA: Severe muscular contraction, breathing
becomes difficult.
 50mA to 100mA: It may result in ventricular fibrillation,
may result in instant death.
 200mA & Above: Severe burns, muscular contraction so
severe that chest muscles clamp down the heart & stop
it. This prevents ventricular fibrillation.
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12. Procedures for Rescuing the person who
have receive an Electric Shock
 Switch off electric circuit and remove the body
from contact.
 If cutting of supply is not immediately possible,
remove the body from live conductor by wooden
rod, bundle of paper etc. without touching him.
 Call the doctor.
 Artificial respiration should be started immediately.
 Artificial breathing should be continued till he
breath normally or until the doctor will come.
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13. Causes of fire due to Electrical
Reasons
 If poor quality of
material is used
 Setting of Relay may
be incorrect or fails to
operate
 Short circuit
(Symmetrical &
Unsymmetrical fault)
 Overheating damaging
insulation
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14. Precaution to avoid fire due to
Electrical Reason
 Use proper rating of fuse & Relays.
 Indian Electricity rules should be followed.
 A very good earthing should be provided to every
equipments & machine.
 Insulation of connecting wires should be of very
good quality.
 Other material use for providing connection should
also be of good quality.
 Fire fighting equipments be kept ready at all times.
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15. Operation of Fire Extinguishers
 Effected part shall immediately
be completely isolated form its
source of supply.
 Fire extinguishers, which are not
insulated, should never be used
in fighting fires near exposed
live conductors.
 Jet of water does not come into
contact with live conductors.
 For electrical fire the CO2
extinguisher are the best.
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