The document is an educational overview of electric circuits prepared for the University of Zakho, covering fundamental concepts such as the parts of circuits, types of circuits (series and parallel), and essential components like energy sources, loads, conductors, switches, and resistors. It explains the function of each component and provides insights into how different circuit configurations operate. The content is meant for 1st stage students in the Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics.

1. “
University of Zakho
Faculty of Sciences
Department of Physic
1st
Stage Morning
Subject:
Electric Circuits
Prepared by:
Sozan Hishyar
Supervisor:
Dr.Dindar S.Bari
2022 - 2023

2. Overview
• Introduction
• Parts of Circuits
• Types of circuits
• Series Circuits
• Parallel Circuits

3. Introduction
▸ An electric circuit is a closed path along
which electrons can flow from and
return to an energy source.
Electric Circuits
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4. Parts of
circuits
Energy Source : A circuit needs
an energy source to push a
charge through the circuit.
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Load: a load is a device in a
circuit that operates using
electrical energy.

5. Parts of
circuits
Conductor : a conductor is a material that allows
electrical energy to flow through it easily.
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6. Parts of
circuits
Switch - a switch is a device that is used to
control the flow of current through a circuit.
▹ A switch works by separating (open) or
bringing together (closed) two conductors
attached to a circuit.
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Resistor : a resistor is an object added to a circuit that
restricts the flow of electrical energy.
- Resistors inhibit the flow of electric current by
producing a voltage drop when current passes through
them. They limit current and cause some electric
energy to be given off as heat.

7. Types of circuits
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1 •Series circuits
2 •Parallel circiuts

8. 1. Series Circuits
▸ In a series circuit, the loads are set
up in a series, or line, that requires
the current to flow through one load
before passing through the next.
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9. 2. Parallel Circuits
▸ In a parallel
circuit, each
load has its
own path for
electricity.
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10. Some circuit symbol :
.
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THANKS!
Any questions?

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boost power factor correction
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▸ [4] S. Parui and S. Banerjee, “Bifurcation due to transition from continuous
conduction mode to discontinuous conduction mode in the boost
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1464 – 1469, Nov.2003.
▸ [5] S. C. Wong, C. K. Tse, and K. C. Tam, “Intermittent chaotic operation
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Refernces : .
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