EIA FE COURSE Lecture for Aspiring Field Engineers in the Philippines

Environmental Impact Assessment
Ms. Rosemarie B. del Rosario, DSD
Division Chief
Environmental and Social Safeguards Division
Planning Service
Field Engineers’ Training Course

Outline of Presentation
I. Legal Framework
- PEIS System Policies
- DENR Policies
- DPWH Policies
II. Environmental Impact Assessment
a. Overview of EIA

b. EIA Process
- Define Proposal
- Screening (Project Threshold and Categorization)
- Scoping
- Impact Assessment
- Formulation of EMP/IMP
(Checklist of project aspects which may affect biodiversity for
which environmental management may be required)

- Preparation of Report
- EIA in the Project Cycle
- Submission of Report
- Review Process of DENR-EMB
- Issuance of Decision Document
- Monitoring Protocol
(Checklist of aspects which may affect biodiversity and
which require monitoring)

III. Establishment of Fund
III. ECC and Validity
IV. Documentary Requirements and
Processing and Deciding Authority
V. Fees, Fines and Violations

LEGAL FRAMEWORK
“The state shall protect and advance
the right of the people to a balanced
and healthful ecology in accord with
the rhythm and harmony of nature;
and to protect and promote the
people’s right to health”
PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION OF 1987
Article II, Section 16 & 15

“All agencies and institutions of the
national government, including
government-owned and controlled
corporation as well as private corporations,
firms & entities to prepare an
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for
every action, project or undertaking which
significantly affects the quality of the
environment.”
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 1151
Philippine Environmental Policy,1977

• Philippine Environmental Impact Statement
System (EIS) Declared Environmentally
Critical Projects (ECPs) and projects within
or located in Environmentally Critical Areas
(ECAs) as project which require the
submission of an Environmental Impact
Statement (EIS).
• Section 4: Provides that “no person,
partnership or corporation shall undertake or
operate any in part such declared ECP or
Project within an ECA without first securing
an Environmental Compliance Certificate
(ECC).”
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 1586, 1978

Four (4) Major Categories of ECP’s
(Category A)
Golf Courses
(Industrial Plants: Iron & Steel,
Petroleum, Petrochemicals,
smelting)
(Mining and Quarrying
Cement,
Ceramic
e.g. Coal, Oil, Gas)
(Roads and Bridges, Dams,
Power Plants, Reclamation
Ports
and Harbors)
(>=9 hole golf course)
Heavy Industries
Resource Extractive
Industries
Infrastructure
PRESIDENTIAL PROCLAMATION NO. 2146, (1981) and
PROCLAMATION NO. 803, (1996)

Twelve (12) Categories of
Environmentally Critical Areas
PRESIDENTIAL PROCLAMATION NO. 2146, 1981
Areas declared as parks, watershed and wildlife
reserves, sanctuaries
1.
Areas set aside as aesthetic, potential tourist spots.
2.
Areas which constitute habitat for any endangered or
threatened species of indigenous Philippine wildlife
(flora & fauna)
3.
Areas of unique historic, archeological, geological or
scientific interest;
4.

Areas which are traditionally occupied by cultural
communities or tribes;
5.
Areas frequently visited and or hard-hit by natural
calamities;
6.
Areas with critical slope
7.
Areas classified as prime agricultural lands;
8.
Recharged areas of aquifers ;
Water bodies
10
.
Mangrove Areas
11
.
Coral Reefs
12
.
9.

• Issued by DENR as primary reference in smooth
implementation of EIS System
• Procedural manual Focuses on the Process
rather than Technical
• Aspects of the EIA
DENR Administrative Order No. 21, 1992
DENR Administrative Order No. 37, 1996
• It requires the conduct of EIA simultaneously
with the Feasibility Study
• It directed all government Agencies to create an
environmental unit
EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 291, 1996

DENR Administrative Order No 2003-30
• Promulgated the IRR for the Philippine
EIS System; IRR consistent with the
principles of sustainable development
to implement a systems-oriented and
integrated approach to the EIS System;
and
• The DAO 30 was enhanced and revised
with a new edition dated August 2007
• This can be downloaded at
www.emb.gov.ph/eia.htm

EMB Memorandum Circular 005, July 2014
Revised Guidelines for Coverage Screening and Standardized Requirements
• Provides project listing and
thresholds for determining
categories of projects with
multiple components and
operationalization guide for
ECA.

DENR Administrative Order No. 2017-15, May 2, 2017
Guidelines on Public Participation under the Philippine Environmental
Impact Statement (EIS) System
Public Participation under the Philippine EIS system shall be
required for the entire EIA process from social preparation
prior to scoping to impact management and monitoring
during project implementation/ abandonment.

• Promulgated guidelines on the rules and
regulations implementing PD 1151, 1586 and
Proclamation No. 2146.
Ministry Order No. 72, 1982
APPLICATION OF EIS SYSTEM FOR
DPWH INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT
Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) between DPWH &
DENR, 1999
• DPWH’s role as project proponent in
implementing the EIS System or its major
infrastructure projects & streamlining the EIA
process through internal screening of road and
bridge projects.
• Conduct of initial screening prior to EIA scoping
to identify critical projects from non-critical
project.

• Institutionalized the Environmental Impact
Assessment Office (EIAPO) renamed to
Environmental and Social Service Office (ESSO),
under DO 56.
➢ Undertake environmental, social impact
assessment & resettlement action plan.
➢ Ensure that infrastructure projects have obtained
environmental clearance prior to implementation
➢ Provide guidance & trainings.
➢ Monitor compliance to ECC conditions and EMP.
Department Order No. 220, 1999
DPWH DEPARTMENT ORDERS AND POLICIES

• Created the Regional EIA Unit as the
counterpart of ESSO in the regions.
Under the approved Rationalization Plan of 2013
• ESSO has been renamed to Environmental
and Social Safeguards Division (ESSD) now
under the Planning Service.
• With 18 regular position (with specialized
positions. e.g. environmental specialist,
sociologist)and headed by a Division Chief

• Adopted to implement a streamlined IROW process
• Designed to enable the Department to identify,
acquire and manage ROW efficiently and in a timely
manners.
• Prescribed guidelines for land acquisition following
the procedures in the IROW manual.
• Indigenous People’s Action Plan (IPAP) be
formulated for IPs if they are affected by the DPWH
infrastructure projects.
• Coordination with NCIP to ensure ancestral domain
and culture of the IPs are secured.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for DPWH
Infrastructure Projects and Tree Cutting Permit
Application
- Application and Procedures for ECC/CNC
- Screening Thresholds for DPWH Projects
Tree Cutting and Earth-balling Permit Application
Process and Requirements for DPWH
Infrastructure Projects
-Application and Procedures for Tree Cutting Permit
and Earth-balling Permit

• SEMS Manual provides guidance for undertaking
social & environmental impact assessment,
streamline operations for offices involved in EIA &
SIA such as ESSD, PMO’s and ROs and DO
• Foster standardization and self sufficiency.
Updated Social and Environmental Management Systems
Operations Manual, December 2016
• Provides guidelines for DPWH projects and other
entitles in the implementation of their projects with
regards to the social and environmental
issues/safeguards

• The process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and
mitigating the biophysical, social, and other relevant effects of
development proposals prior to major decisions being taken
and commitments made
• The exhaustive and systematic analysis of all factors that affect
the environmental and social sustainability of a proposed
project.
• The information, facts and other findings in EIA are presented
in the environmental impact statement (EIS)
• The basis for deciding whether to proceed with the project,
abandon it, revise it, or pursue a different alternative given the
environmental and social costs, issues and/or consequences
that it has to contend with.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Overview of EIA

➢ As a management tool, it improves the long-term viability of
projects;
➢ Avoid mistakes that can be expensive and damaging in
environmental, social and economic terms.
➢ It is a formal process and utilized as a planning and
management tool for decision making.
➢ It ensures project/program options are environmentally sound,
socially acceptable and sustainable.
➢ It is concerned with identifying, predicting and evaluating
impacts, both beneficial and adverse of public and private
activities, alternative and mitigating measures.
➢ It aims to avoid/minimize negative impacts and optimize
positive impacts.
Why is EIA Important?

➢ Project Proponent – responsible for the EIA preparation with
the assistance of external consultants or institution
➢ In some cases, an independent commission is responsible for
ensuring quality control
➢ Multi-disciplinary team is required particularly where scoping
exercises indicate the existence of multiple or complex issues.
➢ A team manager coordinates the work of each EIA team
➢ Local people or their representatives are involved at all stages
of the project cycle.
➢ The social, cultural, health aspects are integrated in the project
design.
➢ Participatory approaches are now adopted by planners. EIA is
as an accepted mechanism for facilitating public involvement
within the project cycle
Who are involved in the EIA process?

EIA Process
❖EIA process is a 2-phase system of environmental
investigation.
❖First phase is the main assessment process, which is the
responsibility of the project proponent (DPWH through the
appropriate Implementing Office).
This involves the following:
➢Description of the project in the context of the site
➢Screening and scoping of the project to determine the impact
areas, extent and level of detail of the assessment to be done,
and the type of report to be prepared;
➢Assessment of the existing environmental and social
conditions of the project site and its surroundings (the impact
area) in order to establish the baseline;

EIA Process
The second phase is the review and approval process
➢ Responsibility of DENR through the Environmental
Management Bureau (EMB).
➢ Involves the evaluation of the EIS by a multi-disciplinary
review committee to clarify the environmental and social
issues concerning the project, and how the project will
address the impacts and issues.
➢ The committee submits its recommendations and
conditionalities for the issuance of the Environmental
Compliance Certificate (ECC) by the EMB.

Define Proposal/Alternatives
Screening
Scoping
Environmental/Impact Assessment
EIA Report Preparation
Formulation of Mitigating Measures
Submission to DENR-EMB
Issuance of
Decision Document
Monitoring
E I A
PROCESS

1. Define Proposal/Alternatives
– Identify alternative sites for the project, alternative designs
and operating process, and environmental implications.
2. Screening
– Is the term used to describe the assessment of the potential
magnitude of project impacts and the depth of study
required.
Environmental screening usually divides projects into three
categories:
1.Projects that will not clearly have significant impacts (should
be completely exempt from environmental assessment)
2.Projects that could have significant impacts
3.Projects that will definitely have significant impacts
EIA Process

SCREENING
Term used to describe the
assessment of the potential
magnitude of project
impacts and the depth of
study required
First stage in incorporating
environmental consideration
into a road development and
other infrastructure projects.

The proponent will be able to discern
whether the project falls under the non-
coverage (completely exempt from
environmental assessment), Initial
Environmental Examination or
Environmental Impact Assessment
studies.
Determines whether a full blown EIS or
an IEE will be prepared and submitted
to EMB or DENR-RO as the case may
be to secure the Environmental
Compliance Certificate (ECC).

is usually based on
ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING
The
scale
and
type of
the
project
The
location
and
sensitivity
of the site
The nature
and
magnitude
of
potential
impacts

DESCRIPTIONOFTHECATEGORIES
Projects or undertakings which are classified as
environmentally critical projects (ECPs) under
Presidential Proclamation No. 2146 (1981),
Proclamation No. 803 (1996) and any other
projects that may later be declared as such by
the President of the Philippines.
CATEGORY
A
CATEGORY
B
Projects or undertakings which are not classified
as environmentally critical projects (ECPs) under
Category A, but which are likewise deemed to
significantly affect the quality of the
environment by virtue of being located in
Environmentally Critical Area (ECA) as declared
under Proclamation No. 2146.
These projects are required to secure an ECC.

DESCRIPTIONOFTHECATEGORIES
Projects or undertakings not falling under Category A and B
which are intended to directly enhance the quality of the
environment (Environmental Enhancement Projects) or directly
address existing environmental problems.
Proponent are required to submit a Project Description to
determine if the project or undertaking:
✓ Falls under Category C hence, may be issued of Certificate
of Non-Coverage (CNC)
✓ Falls under Category A or B, which requires an ECC
CATEGORY
C
CATEGORY
D
Projects or undertakings that are deemed unlikely to
cause significant adverse impact on the quality of the
environment according to the parameters set forth in the
Screening Guidelines.
These projects are not covered by the Philippine EIS
System and are required to secure an CNC.

EMB Memorandum Circular 005, July 2014
Revised Guidelines for Coverage Screening and
Standardized Requirements
Provides project listing and
thresholds for determining
categories of projects with
multiple components and
operationalization guide for
ECA.

Projects/
Description
Required to secure ECC
Required
to secure
CNC
Project Size
Parameters/
Remarks
Category A: ECP Category B: Non-ECP Category D
EIS EIS IEE Checklist
PD
(Part 1 only)
1. ROADS AND BRIDGES
1.1 Roads
(new construction)
NATIONAL
ROAD:
≥20.0 km,
(length with no
critical slope)
OR
≥10.0 km
(length with
critical slope)
PROVINCIAL
ROAD and
OTHER TYPES
OF ROADS:
≥20.0 km,
(length with no
critical slope)
OR
≥10.0 km
(length with
critical slope)
ALL TYPES
OF ROADS:
>2 km but
<20 km,
(length with
no critical
slope) OR
>2 km but
<10 km
(length with
critical slope)
≤ 2 km

Projects/
Description
Required
to secure
CNC
Project Size
Parameters/
Remarks
PD
(Part 1 only)
1.2 Roads,
(widening,
rehabilitation
and/or
improvement)
None
>50% increase in
capacity (or in
terms of
length/width) AND
≥20.0 km (length
with no critical
slope) OR
≥10.0 km (length
with critical slope)
>50% increase
in capacity (or
in terms of
length/width)
AND
>2 km but
<20 km,
(length with no
critical slope)
OR
>2 km but
<10 km (length
with critical
slope)
≤50%
increase in
capacity (or
in terms of
length/width)
but ≤ 2 km
increase in
length

Projects/
Description
Required
to secure
CNC
Project Size
Parameters/
Remarks
PD
(Part 1 only)
1.3 Bridges and
viaducts
(including
elevated roads),
new construction
≥10.0 km
≥5 km but
<10.0 km
>50 m but
<5.0 km
__≤50 m__
Regardless
of length
for
footbridges
of for
pedestrian
only

Projects/
Description
Required
to secure
CNC
Project Size
Parameters/
Remarks
PD
(Part 1 only)
1.4 Bridges and
viaducts
(including
elevated roads),
rehabilitation
and/or
improvement
None
≥50%
increase in
capacity (or in
terms of
length/width)
OR ≥10 km
>50%
increase in
capacity (or
in terms of
length/widt
h) but <
total length
of 10 km
≤50%
increase in
capacity (or
in terms of
length/widt
h) but ≤2
km
increase in
length

Projects/
Description
Required
to secure
CNC
Project Size
Parameters/
Remarks
PD
(Part 1 only)
1.5 Roads-
flyover/
cloverleaf/
interchanges
None None
Regardless
of length
and width
None
1.6 Pedestrian
passages None None
All
underpass
projects
All
overpass
projects

Projects/
Description
Required
to secure
CNC
Project Size
Parameters/
Remarks
PD
(Part 1 only)
1.7 Tunnels and
sub-grade roads
and railways
≥1.0 km <1.0 km None None
1.8 On-grade
railway system,
new
Regardless of
length and
width
None None None

Projects/
Description
Required
to secure
CNC
Project Size
Parameters/
Remarks
PD
(Part 1 only)
2. INFRASTRUCTRE PROJECTS (Dams, Water Supply and Flood Control Project)
2.1 Dams
(including those for
irrigation, flood
control, water
resources and
hydropower
projects) including
run-of-river type
≥25 hectares
OR ≥20 million
mᵌ
>5 hectares
but <25
hectares OR
>5 million mᵌ
but <20
million mᵌ
≤5 hectares
AND ≤5
million mᵌ
None
Reservoir
flooded/
inundated
area
or/and
water
storage
capacity

Projects/
Description
Required
to secure
CNC
Project Size
Parameters/
Remarks
PD
(Part 1 only)
2.2 Irrigation
projects
(distribution
system only)
None
≥1000
hectares
(service
area)
>300 but
<1,000
hectares
≤300
hectares
Service
Area

Projects/
Description
Required
to secure
CNC
Project Size
Parameters/
Remarks
PD
(Part 1 only)
2.3 Water Supply
Projects (without
dam)
None
With water
source (e.g
infiltration
gallery, etc.)
and water
treatment
facilities
including
desalination,
reverse
osmosis (RO)
Level III
(Distributio
n System
Only)
Level II/
Level I
Water
refilling
station

Projects/
Description
Required
to secure
CNC
Project Size
Parameters/
Remarks
PD
(Part 1 only)
3. BUILDINGS INCLUDING HOUSING, STORAGE FACILITIES AND OTHER
STRUCTURES
3.1 All office and
residential building
such as motels,
condominiums,
SCHOOLS, etc.
including storage
facilities with no
hazardous or toxic
materials
None ≥5.0 hectares
>1 hectare
but
<5.0 hectare
≤1 hectare
Total/gross
floor area
including
parking,
open space
and other
areas

3. Scoping
– Is the stage in the EIS System where information and
assessment requirements are established to provide the
proponent with the scope of work for the EIA.
– The most critical stage in the EIA process because it sets
the tone of the EIA Process
Levels of Scoping
1) IEC with the Stakeholders
2) Public Scoping with Community
3) Technical Scoping with Review Team
EIA Process

4. Environmental Assessment/Impact Assessment
◼ It is the systematic identification, prediction and evaluation of
environmental impacts likely caused by a proposed project,
action or undertaking.
❖ It involves three impact assessment methodologies:
a) Impact Identification
b) Impact Prediction
c) Impact Evaluation
◼ It also include baseline data collection
1.1 Physical – e.g. data on noise quality, air and water quality,
natural drainage, hydrology, climate, wildlife areas, location of
parks, recreation, historical sites, etc.
1.2 Biological – list of data on flora and fauna, (plants and
animals)
1.3 Socio-Economics as including Cultural- data on
population income, people, health, nutrition, etc.
EIA process

Types of Impacts
1. Positive impacts – that which gives/or beneficial;
improve access, travel, time and cost.
Negative – that which gives adverse effects.
2. Direct impacts – caused by road itself; location of
activity has directly affect on the location.
Indirect impacts – affects larger geographical
areas and difficult to measure are usually linked
closely with project effects are farther e.g.
degradation of H2O surface quality by erosion.

3. Temporary impact – are those whose occurrence
is not lasting and which eventually reverse
themselves, the affected system having returned to
its previous statement. No change from original
state.
e.g trampling of road side vegetation during
resurfacing, it recovers after a few weeks to the
point that there is no change from its original state.
Permanent impact – are those which are
irreversible – the affected system will not return to
its previous state.
4. Short term impact – are those which appear or
shortly after construction
Long term impact – may arise during construction,
and may last long

Environmental Impacts of Infrastructure Projects
➢ Land use – highways occupy land, thus propagating a
host of effects directly and indirectly on the surrounding
environment;
➢ Habitat destruction – highway projects take their toll on
natural amenities, landscape and wildlife, without regard
for conservation;
➢ Air emissions and noise – construction activities and the
subsequent traffic generated by road projects cause noise
and give rise to atmospheric pollutants like dust, gas
fumes, carbon monoxide, etc.;

➢Water discharges – project activities also cause the
discharge of sediments and contaminated water to the
groundwater and surface water bodies;
➢Waste generation – project construction activities
generate wastes from construction demolition
activities, land grading, and from the waste related to
quarrying;
➢Quarrying – road construction relies heavily on using
natural stone and aggregates which are quarried, thus
resulting in damage to the environment;

➢ Health and safety – construction activities can pose
some levels of danger to both construction workers, in
the work place or areas of construction, and the general
public; and
➢ Noise, dust, nuisance, etc.- construction activities also
result in comfort disturbances to construction workers
and the public in general, in the form of dust, noise,
vibration, etc.

Baseline Data Gathering
PRIMARY
DATA
SECONDARY
DATA
DATA
GATHERING/
BASELINE DATA
ACTUAL
SAMPLING
TESTING
PERCEPTION
SURVEY
EXISTING DATA
OTHER RESEARCH
WORKS OTHER
SOURCES –
DIFFERENT
OFFICES

DATA INFORMATION SOURCES
GEOGRAPHY NAMRIA,HLURB,MGB,DENR,NEDA
GEOLOGY AND MORPOLOGY MGB,PHILVOCS,Dept of Geology UP
Diliman, NAMRIA, BSWM, NIGS
TOPOGRAPHY, SLOPE (SURVEY
REPORT)
DENR
WATERSHED IMPOUNDMENTS NAMRIA, NWRB, BSWM, UPLB
FLOOD RISK/FLOOD PRONE BSWB, NWRB, DPWH, ICLARM,
PAGASA
LAND CLASSIFICATION AND
REGULATORY STATUS
UPLB, other universities and colleges,
BSWM, FMB, NAMRIA, HLURB
LAND USE/COVER BAS, DENR, BSWM
WATER USE AND REGULATION LMB, HLURB, NAMRIA, FMB, BSWM
SURFACE WATER/STREAM
CONDITIONS
HLURB, EMB, DOH, NWRB, NAMRIA,
NIA, BCGS, LWUA

DATA INFORMATION SOURCES
NATURAL DISASTERS NDCCM, PHILVOCS, PAGASA,
NAMRIA, BSWM, DPWH
MINERAL RESOURCES AND
RESERVES
MGB, mining companies, NAMRIA,
HLURB
CLIMATE PAGASA, universities and colleges,
NAMRIA, BSWM
AIR QUALITY DENR regional office, LLDA, EMB,
private industries, HLURB
VEGETATION/FLORA PAWB, NM, FMB, UPLB, PCARRD,
NAMRIA, DENR, BSWB, DA
FAUNA PAWB, academic and research
institutions, BFAR, NM, NAMRIA,
DENR, PCARRD, UPLB

5. Mitigation (formulation of Environmental Management
Plan)
– is defined as measures envisaged in order to avoid, reduce
and, if possible remedy significant adverse effects.
– In the EIA process, the most important part is the formulation
of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP). The EMP is
a summary matrix or list of proposed mitigation/enhancement
measures and monitoring actions, set to a timeline with
specific responsibility assigned and follow-up actions
defined;
1. With brief discussion of mitigation and
enhancement measures
2. Monitoring plan
3. Institutional responsibilities and agreements
4. Cost of Mitigating Measures
EIA process

What is EMP
A framework through which
➢Environmental commitments outlined in EIA/SIA
Report,
➢Environmental mitigation measures, standards and
plans, and
➢Monitoring requirements are implemented throughout
the project.
A dynamic document that is updated annually during the
operational life of the mine to reflect changes to the
project configuration, company commitments,
legislative/financing requirements, etc.

Objectives of EMP
➢ To provide a detailed action plan for the
implementation of the recommendations made in the
impact assessment report;
➢ To provide goals and targets for environmental
control that are measurable and auditable;
➢ To provide a basis on which the prospective contractor
can accurately price for environmental management
in his tender document;
➢ To specify particular roles, responsibilities and time
scales;
➢ To provide a basis for monitoring compliance; and
➢ To provide a site management tool.

IMPACTS
IMPACT PREDICTION/
ASSESSMENT EMP
MITIGATION MEASURES
Avoidance (-)
PROJECT
DEVELOPMENT CYCLE
Prevention (-)
Preservation (+)
Minimization (-)
Rehabilitation(-)
Restoration (+)
EMP LINKING EIA REPORT TO PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
EIA REPORT IMPLEMENTATION AND
OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES
MONITORING PROGRAM
EIA
PROCESS

Checklist Biodiversity- related issues which
may require management
➢ Indigenous vegetation
clearance and protection
➢ Invasive plant species removal
and control
➢ Topsoil removal, handling and
storage
➢ Spoil removal, transport and
disposal
➢ Erosion control and slope
stabilisation
➢ Rehabilitation of disturbed
areas
➢ Rehabilitation of disturbed
areas
➢ Vibration and blasting
management
➢ Traffic management
➢ Noise management
➢ Air quality, particularly dust and
gas
➢ Surface water runoff and
quality
➢ Groundwater runoff and quality
➢ Storm water runoff and control
➢ Effluent management
➢ Hazardous waste management
(transportation, storage,
handling and disposal)
➢ Non-hazardous solid waste
management (transportation,
storage, handling and disposal)
➢ Land management

Checklist of project aspects which may affect biodiversity for
which environmental management may be required
➢ Site establishment
➢ Fencing and security
➢ Contractor’s camp
➢ Lay down areas
➢ Temporary and permanent
access roads and bridges
➢ Fuel depots
➢ Hydrocarbon storage areas
water supply systems
electricity supply structures
➢ Tailings and slimes dams
➢ Waste rock dumps
➢ Borrow pits and quarries for
construction materials
➢ Factory area
➢ Dredging and construction of
berms, caissons, fill
embankments, etc., in marine
and freshwater environments
➢ Concrete batch plants
➢ Civil works (earthworks, foundations,
piling, concrete works etc)
➢ Workshops and wash bays
➢ Spray booths
➢ Chemical and raw material storage
areas
➢ Waste disposal sites for hazardous
and non-hazardous material
(permanent and temporary)
➢ Sewerage systems and sewage
treatment plants (permanent and
temporary)
➢ Effluent evaporation ponds and other
containment and treatment facilities
for liquid effluent
➢ Worker transportation
➢ Receiving and Dispatch areas
➢ Air emission sources e.g. chimneys,
stacks
➢ Scrap yard
➢ River crossings

I. Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
The document(s) of studies of the environmental
impacts of a project including the discussions on direct
and indirect consequences upon human welfare and
ecological and environment integrity.
The EIS may vary from project to project but shall
contain in every case all relevant information and details
about the proposed project or undertaking, including the
environmental impacts of the project and the appropriate
mitigating and enhancement measures.
6. ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENTS PREPARATION

II Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)
Checklist Report Form
A short and simplified checklist version of an EIS prescribed by the
DENR and required to be filled up by proponents for describing the
project’s environmental impact corresponding mitigation and
enhancement measures for non-environmentally critical projects
located in an ECA. The DENR prescribes appropriate
corresponding IEE Checklists for different projects with minimal and
manageable impacts (refer to the IEE checklist appropriate to the
type of the proposed project-posted in the EMB Website)
III. Project Description (PD)
A standard documentation of the description necessary to confirm
non-coverage of Category D and Category C Projects as well as
projects operating prior to 1982. (refer to Annex C for the
format/contents)

IV. Environmental Performance Report and Management Plan
(EPRMP)
Documentation of the actual cumulative environmental impacts and
effectiveness of current measures for single projects that are
operating.
V. Programmatic Environmental Performance Report
And Management (PEPRMP)
Documentation of actual cumulative environmental impacts of
co-located projects with proposals for expansions. The
PEPRMP should also describe the effectiveness of current
environmental mitigation measures and plans for
performance improvement (refer to the Screening Form for
the prescribed contents of the PEPRMP-posted in the EMB
Website)

VI. Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (PEIS)
A documentation of comprehensive studies on
environmental baseline conditions of contiguous area .
It also includes an assessment of the carrying capacity
of the area to absorb impact from co-located projects
such as those in industrial estates or economic zones
(eco-zones) (refer to the EIS Screening Form for the
prescribed contents of the PEIS-posted in the EMB
Website)

The Environmental Assessment in the
Project Cycle
PRE-FS
DESIGN
CONTRACTING
CONSTRUCTION
O & M
CONCEPT
FS
IMPACT
ANALYSIS
EIA DOCUMENTATION
COMPLETED
APPLY MITIGATION
MEASURES
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONTRACT SPECS
COMPLIANCE MONITORING
AND REPORTING
CONSULTATION
EFFECTS
MONITORING
AND
REPORTING
SCREENING &
SCOPING

EIA in the Project Cycle
Conceptualization Screening and Scoping (coverage, depth and scope of the EIA)
Screening determines whether a project needs environmental
assessment Scoping directs the environmental assessment
towards aspect of specific importance
Pre-Feasibility Environmental Assessment
Conduct of baseline studies on physical, biological and
socio-economic conditions
Impact Analysis
Predicting impacts and identifying measurements
to mitigate impacts
EIA Documentation
Preparing the EIS
Apply mitigating measures
Integrate mitigating measures as identified in the EIA
and formulate the Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
Feasibility
Design

Implement EMP
Integrate EMP in contract documents for
contractor to implement during civil works
construction
Environmental Monitoring
Monitor implementation of mitigating measures as
identified in EMP
Organize Multipartite Monitoring Team (MMT)
Monitor impact of project on environment
Comply with ECC conditions
Post Monitoring
Monitoring Report
Contracting
Construction
Operation /
Maintenance
Bid requirements for
contractors to integrate
environmental clauses tin
the tender documents
and allocate funds for
EIA activities

Review of EIA Reports shall undergo
a PROCEDURAL REVIEW for
compliance to minimum
requirements specified during
Scoping, followed by a SUBSTANTIVE
REVIEW of either composed third
party experts commissioned.
REVIEWOFTHEENVIRONMENTALDOCUMENT

Phase in the EIA process whereby
the document submitted is
subjected to technical evaluation.
SUBSTANTIVEREVIEW
Phase in the ECC application review
process to check for the completeness
of the required documents.
PROCEDURALREVIEW

➢ The ECC is the document issued by DENR certifying
that the proponent has complied with all the
requirements of EIS System and has committed to
implement its approved EMP.
➢ The ECC contains specific measures and conditions
that the project proponent has to undertake before
and during the operation of a project.
ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE
CERTIFICATE (ECC)

a certification issued by the DENR certifying
that, based on the submitted project
description, the project is not covered by the
EIS system and is not required to secure an
ECC.
CERTIFICATEOFNON-COVERAGE(CNC)
Shall contain an explanation for the
disapproval of the application and guidance
on how the application can be improved to
a level of acceptability in the next EIA
Process.
DENIALLETTER

OBJECTIVESOFMONITORING,VALIDATION,
ANDEVALUATION/AUDIT
The primary objective is to ensure
the judicious implementation of
sound environmental management
within the agency/company and its
areas of operation. Specifically, it
aims to ensure the following:

1. Project compliance with the conditions set
in the ECC.
2. Project compliance with the
Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
3. Effectiveness of environmental measures
on prevention or mitigation of actual
project impacts vis-à-vis the predicted
impacts used as basis for the EMP design;
and
4. Continual updating of the EMP for
sustained responsiveness to project
operations and project impacts.

Checklist of aspects which may affect biodiversity
and which require monitoring
➢ Soil
➢ Surface water
➢ Ground water
➢ Dust
➢ Gas
➢ Erosion
➢ Rehabilitation works
➢ Noise
➢ Vegetation
➢ Animal indicator
species
➢ Problem animals
➢ Aquatic biota (marine
and freshwater)
➢ Radiation

✓Project Proponent is responsible to report
performance against the ECC condition;
performance against EMP; and
performance against predicted impacts in
the EIA Report.
✓Required to submit CMR semi-annually
ROLESAND
RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Monitoring by the Project Proponent
Proponents are responsible for monitoring their projects.
COMPLIANCE MONITORING

✓Project Proponent is responsible to
report compliance to environmental
standards specific to environmental
laws through the submission of the
Self Monitoring Report (SMR) on a
quarterly basis.
ROLESAND
RESPONSIBILITIES
SELF MONITORING

-Compliance with the ECC conditions as well as
applicable laws, rules and regulations.
-Validate Proponents conduct of self monitoring
-Receive complaints, and gather relevant data to
facilitate determination of validity of complaints
-Prepare, integrate and disseminate simplifies
validation reports to the community
-Make regular and timely submission of MMT Reports,
the Compliance Monitoring and Verification Report
(CMVR) (semi annual).
2. Monitoring by the Multipartite Monitoring Team
Validate Proponents environmental performance

✓MMTs shall only be for ECPS. All other MMTs
including clustered MMTs shall be deemed
automatically dissolved. ECC condition on the
creation of MMTs for Non-ECPs shall be deemed
invalid.
MULTI-PARTITE MONITORING TEAM (MMT)
❖ For projects with MMT, documentation by the EMB of
its evaluation findings shall be through use of the
EMB Compliance Evaluation Report (CER with the
MMTs CMVR and the Proponent's CMR/SMR as
attachments and to be prepared semi-annually.

The ENVIRONMENTALMONITORINGFUND
(EMF)is a fund that a Proponent shall
commit to establish in support of the
activities of the MMT for the
compliance monitoring. The EMF will
be established as agreed upon and
specified in the MOA between DENR-
EMB and the Proponent, with
conformity of the MMT members. An
EMF is required for all MMTs of EIS-
based projects
ESTABLISHMENTOFENVIRONMENTALFUNDS

The ENVIRONMENTALGUARANTEEFUND(EGF) is a fund that
proponents shall commit to establish when an ECC
is issued for projects or undertakings determined by
EMB to pose significant risk to answer for damage to
life, property, and the environment caused by such
risk, or requiring rehabilitation or restoration
measures. It shall also be used to implement
damage prevention measures, environmental
education, scientific or research studies, IEC,
training on environmental risk or environmental
accident-related matters
ESTABLISHMENTOFENVIRONMENTALFUNDS

VALIDITYAND EXPIRY
An ECC is valid through out the entire
project lifespan provided:
1. There is no significant project expansion
2. There is no change in technology
3. There is no change in location
4. Project was implemented within five years
from the date of issuance
(unless otherwise specified in the ECC)

EIA: Process Flowchart
Define Proposal / Alternatives
Is An EIA Required?
What are the Key Issues?
Impact Assessment
▪ Baseline Data Collection
▪ Impact Identification
▪ Impact Prediction
▪ Identification/Formulation of
Mitigation and Monitoring
Program
EIS Preparation
EIS Review
Decision-Making
Post Decision-Making and Auditing
Screening
Scoping
EIA
Preparation
(Identify/Collect
And Analyze
Information)
Present Result
Review
Public Participation

Documentary Requirements and Processing & Deciding Authority
CATEGORY APPLIED TO
DOCUMENTS
REQUIRED FOR
ECC/CNC
APPLICATION
OFFICE TO PROCESS
AND DECIDE
A.
Environmentally
Critical Projects
A-1: New Co-located
projects
Programmatic
EIS*
EMB Central
Office
Single Projects EIS
A-2: Existing and
to be expanded,
modified and/or
rehabilitated
A-3: Operating
without ECC
Co-located
projects
Programmatic
EPRMP (in case
programmatic
monitoring data
are available)
EMB Central
Office
Single Projects EPRMP in case
monitoring data
are available
EIS if no
monitoring data
are available
EMB Central
Office

CATEGORY APPLIED TO
DOCUMENTS
REQUIRED FOR
ECC/CNC
APPLICATION
OFFICE TO PROCESS
AND DECIDE
B. Non-
Environmentally
Critical Projects
B-1: New Co-located
projects
Programmatic
EIS*
EMB Regional
Office in the
region where
the proposed
projects is
located
Single Projects EIS IEE Checklist
B-2: Existing and
to be expanded,
modified and/or
rehabilitated
B-3: Operating
without ECC
Single Projects EPRMP
EPRMP Checklist
EMB Regional
Office in the
region where
the proposed
projects is
located
Co-located
projects
PEPRMP* EMB Regional
Office in the
region where
the proposed
projects is
located

CATEGORY APPLIED TO
DOCUMENTS REQUIRED FOR ECC/CNC
APPLICATION
OFFICE TO PROCESS
AND DECIDE
C. Environmental
Enhancement or
Direct Mitigation
Co-located
projects or
Single Projects
Project Description (Part I and
II) to (to confirm non-coverage
or further classify as either
Category A or B)
EMB Regional
Office in the region
where the
proposed projects
is located
D. Not Covered Project Description (Part I only)
Project prior to 1982-Proof of
Project Implementation prior to
1982 without
expansion/alteration/modificati
on shall also be submitted (if
applying for CNC)
EMB Regional
Office in the region
where the
proposed projects
is located

Fees, Penalties and Fines
A. Project which are established and/or operating
without an ECC
➢ If found operating without valid ECC, shall be
ordered closed through a CDO (cease and
desist order). Such issuance of a CDO comes
after the issuance of a Notice of Violation
(NOV) and the conduct of a technical reading.
However, for projects that pose danger to life
and property, a CDO shall be immediately
issued.

B. Project violating ECC conditions, EMP, Rules and
Regulations
Project violating any of the conditions in the
ECC, EMP or rules and regulations pertaining
to the EIS system shall be subjected to
suspension or cancellation of its ECC/or a fine
in an amount not to exceed P50,000 for every
violations of an ECC condition, or the EMP, or
the EIS System rules and regulation.

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