This document summarizes a presentation about Vocational Education & Training (VET) in India. It discusses how VET can help address several of India's key challenges by [1] reducing unemployment through skill development programs, [2] helping small businesses grow through entrepreneurship training, and [3] improving productivity to make India more competitive globally. The presentation outlines a holistic plan for expanding VET through various means such as mapping enterprises, registering training institutions, revising labor policies, developing standardized curricula, and prioritizing VET in education policies. It emphasizes raising awareness among 16 key stakeholder groups about the benefits of VET for national development.

1. Vocational Education & Training (VET)
• A presentation by i Watch, about VET, in 37 slides
• Slides 2 to 7 explain the 5 building blocks for INDIA
• Slides 8 to 18 bring out the advantages of VET
• Slides 19 & 20 show aspects of Human Development
• Slides 21 to 26 show aspects of Education with special
reference to Vocational Education & Training or VET &
Entrepreneurship Skill development or ESD
• Slides 27 to 32 show the Planned Policy for VET for
INDIA
• Slides 33 to 35 highlight the 16 Stake Holders of VET
• Slide 36 highlights the need to use TV & Radio for
Education and Social causes

2. Vision 2020 – the Building Blocks
1. Good Governance
& Effective Administration
2. 100% Primary Literacy
3. Vocational Education & Training, VET
4. SME’s (Small & Medium Enterprises, 93% of
Indians work here)
5. Exports & Tourism

3. 1. Vision 2020 – the Building Blocks
Good Governance
&
Effective
Administration

4. 2. Vision 2020 – the Building Blocks
100% Primary
Literacy- A Dream?
(450/600 million illiterate
at present!)

5. 3. Vision 2020 – the Building Blocks
Vocational Education &
Training or VET
In Europe nearly 1.5-2.0% of the population is under
training with VET at any given time! (For India it
would mean 20 to 30 million people trained per
year. Presently the figure is very low, about 1 to 2
million & quality is not adequate nor the variety of
courses offered!)

6. 4. Vision 2020 – the Building Blocks
SME’s or
Small & Medium Enterprises
- Account for 80%
of GDP
of most Nations

7. 5. Vision 2020 – the Building Blocks
India’s Exports – 0.62%
India’s Tourism – 0.38%
of World
(Big Scope to improve, Big employment
generator)

8. 1. Vocational Education & Training
- The Real Winner for INDIA
India in 2003
GDP – 1.32% of World
(Buying Power is related to GDP)
World Trade – 0.62% of World
World Population – 17% of World

9. 2. Vocational Education & Training
- The Real Winner for INDIA
• Primary Education
• Secondary Education &
• Vocational Education
& Training or (VET)

10. 3. Vocational Education & Training
- The Real Winner for INDIA
VET in Europe,
USA, Japan &
‘Asian Tigers’
Nearly 80 to 90% of youth opt
for VET

11. 4. Vocational Education & Training
- The Real Winner for INDIA
VET - Advantage INDIA
1. Reduction in unemployment
2. Creation of SME’s
3. World Class productivity & quality
4. Exports & Tourism surge
5. GDP increase, per capita advantage

12. 5. Vocational Education & Training
- The Real Winner for INDIA
Prepare the Youth
1. 70% of India, 728 millions are
less than 35 years of age!
2. Employment &
Entrepreneurship……………..
…………only with VET &

13. 6. Vocational Education & Training
- The Real Winner for INDIA
Build-up a World Class
Work Force
Big scope for MNC’s to
come to India, but where
are the trained people?

14. 7. Vocational Education & Training
- The Real Winner for INDIA
INDIA Needs
Trained People
to fight Globalization

15. 8. Vocational Education & Training
- The Real Winner for INDIA
Reduce Unemployment
Presently about 300 million are
unemployed!
Most of them lack some sort of
1.Competency or Skills or
2.Vocational Education &
Training (VET) or
3.Entrepreneurship Skills
Development (ESD)!

16. 9. Vocational Education & Training
- The Real Winner for INDIA
Improve Productivity
Reduce Cost
Make India Competitive

17. 10. Vocational Education & Training
- The Real Winner for INDIA
Expand existing
Educational
Infrastructure for VET

18. 11. Vocational Education & Training
- The Real Winner for INDIA
Let us work together for a Common Cause
& a Win-Win-Win-Win-Win
• Government
• Educational Institutions
• Industry
• Trade
• Services

19. Holistic Human development

20. Employment & Unemployment

21. A. - Purpose of Education
1. How can I survive in this World?
2. How can I earn enough?
3. How will it benefit me & my Family?
4. Can I start my own business?
5. Indian buying power is limited, can I export?
6. How to do something better / faster?
7. The need for more knowledge / learning
8. The need for benchmarking & improving
9. The urge & need to become World Class
10. To excel in any particular field of activity

22. A. - Purpose of Education, contd.
10. To reduce growth rate of population
11. To reduce Law & Order problems
12. To reduce the incidence of AIDS
14. To improve SECURITY within INDIA
15. To improve HORMONY between the people
16. To improve personal hygiene
17. To improve general health and reduce disease
18. To improve productivity
19. To reduce pollution & improve environment
20. Find new ways to solve old problems

23. B. - Planning for the
Youth of INDIA
1. Emphasis on 100% Primary Literacy
2. Empowerment of the Female Child
3. Entrepreneurial Skill Development (ESD)
from Primary Stages
4. Vocational Education & Training (VET) to start
at the earliest stages, based on likes and
preferences
5. Emphasis on ESD & VET rather than the
present college system

24. C. - Planning for Skill levels
1. Level - 1 – Primary School or less…..30%
2. Level - 1a – Secondary School or less..30%
3. Level - 2 – High School or 10th ...........30%
4. Level - 3 – 10+2 (English Medium)…...7%
5. Level - 4 – Level 3 or equivalent……...2%
6. Level - 5 – Level 4 or equivalent……...1%
% indicates % of suggested importance of total
work force, which is presently 400 million and
26 - 29 million per year are added every year!

25. D. Suggested sources for VET Syllabus
Level 1 & 1a – This is the informal sector. We
strongly suggest that one should contact DEIS,
Pune at www.deispune.org or contact Indian
NGO’s, Thane at www.IndianNGOs.com
Level 2 – This is the formal sector. Contact
PSSCIVE at Bhopal, part of NCERT/MHRD.
PSSCIVE syllabus can also be adapted for
Levels 1&1a.
Level 3, 4 & 5 – International Level, World Class,
English medium, contact i Watch for City &
Guild, or C&G, UK, courses. 53 main courses,
1200 mini-modules.

26. E. - Master plan for ESD & VET
1. Both go hand in hand, to be nurtured together
2. Both are required in India, even at Levels 1, 2
and 3.
3. Need to develop ESD & VET for the masses
4. Holistic Plan for ESD
5. Holistic Plan for VET

27. Holistic Plan for VET
1. Map the Enterprises as a National
Data Bank
Identify all economic activity in a geographical zone
• Village wise
• City wise
• District wise
• State wise
Information to be compiled street wise and area wise
Information to be compiled category wise/enterprise

28. 2. Register all Institutions in VET
1. Identify the type of Institution
2. Types of courses offered
3. Duration, costs, entry level qualifications
4. Facilities and Infrastructure offered
5. Tie-ups for practical training, if not in-
house
6. Certification offered & Quality Assurance
7. Details about the faculty

29. 3. Amend National Labour Policy –
especially in regard to VET
1. Depending upon the size of the enterprise,
trainees/apprentices can be kept and used
2. Draw out rules for their part time employment
3. Can be paid a stipend – on days worked
4. No conflict with permanent staff
5. No guarantee of a permanent job
6. Maximum stipend will be minimum wages

30. 4. Get the Best Possible Syllabus
1. Start off with the best possible & proven courses,
e.g., those from City & Guilds, U.K.
2. Consider the use of courses from Germany, available
from GTZ in New Delhi
3. Use these courses for Levels 3, 4 and 5 as they must
be World Class
4. If required amend some of these courses, to suit
Indian conditions
5. Develop, within India, Level 1 & 2 courses
6. VET courses must be developed in all Indian
languages, since only 5% of Indians understand
English

31. VET courses from City & Guilds, U.K.
• Accommodation Operations & Services
• Applied Information Technology
• Beauty Therapy
• Hairdressing
• Journalism & Radio Competences
• Cleaning Services
• Clothing & Knitting Kraft
• Creative Skills Certificate – 93 different skill sets
• Creative Studies – 97 different skill sets
• Food & Beverage Service
• Food Preparation & Culinary Arts
• International Teaching & Training Awards
• International Tourism
• Library & Information Assistants
• Numeracy
• Radio Amateurs Examination
• Reception Operations & Services
• Retailing
• Television & Radio Production
• Sewing Skills
• Tropical Agriculture
• Health & Safety
• Wig making
• Media Techniques – TV & Video
• Footwear Manufacturing Operations
• Basic Engineering Trade Subjects
• Communication & Technical Information
• CAD
• Construction Industry
• Concrete Technology & Construction
• Electrical & Electronic Engineering Craft Studies
• Electrical & Electronic Engineering Technicians Awards
• Electronics Servicing Technology
• Engineering Systems Maintenances Competences
• Fabrication & Welding Inspection & Quality Control
• Flour Milling
• General Course in Engineering – Manufacturing, Plant Technology,
Design & Manufacture, Mechatronics, Control Systems.
• International Assessors Award
• Knowledge of Security & Emergency Alarm Systems
• Maintenance & Repair of Construction Equipment
• Mechanical Fitting, Plant Maintenance & Metal Machining
• Motor Vehicle Engineering
• Pattern making & Model making
• Process Plant Operation…basic
• Process Plant Operation…advanced
• Quality Assurance
• Repair & Servicing of Motorcycles
• Technicians Awards in Engineering
• Telecommunications & Electronics Engineering
• Vehicle Body Competences
• Vehicle Parts Personnel
• Welding & Fabrication
• Electrical Installation work
• Clothing Machine Mechanics
• Telecommunication Systems
• Engineering Skills

32. 5. Change Education Policy at
Centre & State levels
1. Advertise the advantages of VET
2. Advertise the advantages of ESD
3. Communicate to the people that only 27 million
work with Govt. & Private Industry
4. Explain why 373 million work with SME’s,
Agriculture, Construction, etc.
5. Explain the reasons why India must export more
and be World Class, to improve buying power
of Indian Citizen. Examples of I.T./Soft Ware &
Diamonds, must be highlighted.

33. The 16 Stake Holders who need to know
about the importance and advantages of
VET & ESD for Nation Building
1. Media – Print /TV / Radio /Internet – all of them.
In English & in the 12 Indian languages.
2. Politicians – MP’s, MLA’s, Think Tanks,
Economic Cells, Municipal Councilors in Cities.
3. Youth Organizations – Universities, Colleges,
Schools, Political parties, e.g., BJP, Congress, etc
4. All India Business Organizations – CII, FICCI
and ASSOCHAM
5. Chambers of Commerce – PHDCCI, IMC, etc…

34. The 16 Stake Holders who need to know
about the importance and advantages of
VET & ESD for Nation Building
6. Small & Medium Business and trade
organizations – There are hundreds of such
organizations in each state.
7. All India Management Organizations – AIMA,
DMA, BMA…total of 67 such centres in India
8. Economic Ministries in Centre & States –
Labour, HRD, Finance, Industry, Commerce, etc..
9. Universities in India – Their Councils and Boards
10. Colleges in India – Their Councils and Boards

35. The 16 Stake Holders who need to know
about the importance and advantages of
VET & ESD for Nation Building
11. Schools in India – Their Councils and Boards
12. Management Colleges - Their Councils & Boards
13. Engineering Colleges - Their Councils & Boards
14. Medical Colleges - Their Councils and Boards
15. Banks & Financial Institutions - Their Councils
and Boards
16. NGO’s / Rotary International / Lions Clubs/
Religious Organizations - Their Councils & Boards

36. Use of TV & Radio for Education
• Too much emphasis given to Cinema & TV serials on TV
and Radio media, and very little for Nation Building
Social Causes & Education neglected, in the last 55 yrs.
• India is a poor country and needs to give high priority for
education, VET, SKD …300 million are unemployed,
450/600 million are illiterate, 300 million are below the
poverty line as per GOI (440 million as the World Bank
estimates of US$ 1 per day earning per person)
• Ministry of I&B needs to work with Centre and States.
M of HRD & M of Labour should insist for at least one
dedicated channel, 24 hours per day, in each language,
ONLY for all forms of Education & Social Causes.
English channels are NOT enough, since ONLY 5%
understand English.

37. An ‘i’ Watch
presentation
www.wakeupcall.org
www.india-watch.com
Dhanyawad!