This document discusses education in the digital age and the characteristics of digital natives. It describes how digital natives have grown up immersed in technology and spend many hours engaged with digital devices and media. Digital natives prefer visual and interactive learning, multitasking, receiving quick feedback, and learning just-in-time rather than just-in-case. The document advocates flipping the classroom to match how digital natives prefer to learn and outlines various digital tools that can facilitate new approaches to teaching and collaboration.

1. Education in Digital Age 1
Education in Digital Age
Kitt Tientanopajai, D.Eng.
Assistant to the President for IT Affairs
Director, Institute of Learning and Teaching Innovation
Khon Kaen University

2. Education in Digital Age 2
Part I
Learning Skills

3. Education in Digital Age 3
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom's_taxonomy
CC BY-SA 3.0

4. Education in Digital Age 4
http://www.educatorstechnology.com/2014/03/new-blooms-taxonomy-planning-kit-for.html
© 2011-2014 Med Kharbach

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Critical thinking
Technology
Information
Communication
Global Awareness
Media
Creativity
Digital Immigrants
Collaboration
Digital Natives
Self-direct
ICT Literacy
21st
Century Skills

6. Education in Digital Age 6
http://www.p21.org/
CC BY-NC-ND 3.0

7. Education in Digital Age 7
http://www.iftf.org/futureworkskills/
© 2011 Institute for the Future

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● Sense-Making: deeper meaning, significance of what being
expressed.
● Social Intelligence: connect to others in a deep and direct
way, to sense and stimulate reactions and desired
interactions.
● Novel & Adaptive Thinking: proficiency at thinking and coming
up with solutions and responses beyond that which is rote or
rule-based.
● Cross-Cultural Competency: ability to operate in different
cultural settings
● Computational Thinking: translate vast amounts of data into
abstract concepts and to understand data-based reasoning.

9. Education in Digital Age 9
● New-Media Literacy: critically assess and develop content
that uses new media forms, and to leverage these media for
persuasive communication
● Transdisciplinary: literacy in and ability to understand
concepts across multiple disciplines
● Design Mindset: represent and develop tasks and work
processes for desired outcomes
● Cognitive Load Management: discriminate and filter
information for importance, and to understand how to
maximize cognitive functioning using a variety of tools and
techniques
● Virtual Collaboration: work productively, drive engagement,
and demonstrate presence as a member of a virtual team.

10. Education in Digital Age 10
Part II
Digital Natives

11. Education in Digital Age
Have you ?
● Print an e-mail to read.
● Print a document to edit on paper.
● Phone your friend to read your mail.
● Read the manual before use a program.
● Use “dial” number.
● Instantly know what icon means.
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12. Education in Digital Age
According to Marc Prensky, you are a ...
digital immigrant.
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Generation C
Technological Generation
Digital Childhood
homo-zapiens
Born digital
Digital Natives
Gen Z
Neo-millennial Generation
Generation Next

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Digital native:
A person born or brought up during the
age of digital technology and so familiar
with computers and the Internet from an
early age.
Reference: Oxford Dictionary

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“My phone is
my third hand.”
“If I lose my cell phone
I lose half my brain.”
-- High school students
Reference: Marc Prensky

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Digital Natives
aged 15-24, 5+ years experience using the Internet. in 180 countries
363M digital natives
30% of total youths
5.2% of total population

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Digital Natives
as a percentage of total population 2012

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4,387,062 digital natives (#19)
42.3% of total youths (#74)
6.3% of total population (#85)
Thai Digital Natives

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Are they really different ?

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“Over 10,000 hours playing video games,
over 200,000 emails and instant messages
sent and received; over 10,000 hours talking
on digital cell phones; over 20,000 hours
watching TV […], over 500,000 commercials
seen – all before they turn 21. And, maybe,
at the very most, 5,000 hours of book reading”
-- Marc Prensky
in “Has Growing Up Digital and Extensive Video Game Playing
Affected Younger Military Personnel’s Skill Sets?”

21. Education in Digital Age 21
“When our own kids will turn fifteen in 2016 or
so, they are likely to spend somewhere
between 1,200 and 1,500 hours per year on
digital technologies. Five years later, at age
twenty, they will have accumulated at least
10,000 hours as active users of the Internet,
if the current user statistics still apply.”
- - Professor Urs Gasser
in “Born Digital: Understanding the First Generation of Digital Natives”
Copyright © 2008 by John Palfrey and Urs Gasser

22. Education in Digital Age 22
Neuroplasticity
Experiences can change both the brain's
physical structure (anatomy) and functional
organization (physiology).Hagmann P, et. al. Mapping the structural core of human cerebral cortex. PLoS Biology Vol. 6, No. 7, e159
License: CC BY 3.0

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They prefer to process ...
Visual

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10% with verbal (text/oral)
65% with visual
After 72 hours
the average human beings can retain ..

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Days later 90% recalled
A year later 63% recalled
2500+ Images
Expose 10 seconds each ...

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Text Layout Pattern
* If text is organized into paragraphs
Image source: http://media.nngroup.com/media/editor/alertbox/f_reading_pattern_eyetracking.jpg
Copyright © 1998-2014 Nielsen Norman Group

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They prefer to quickly receive ...
Feedbacks
Reinforcements
Rewards

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Basically, digital gives what they want almost
immediately
Search engine: information, media
Social networks: comments, likes
Games: interactions, scores, rewards,
levels

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They prefer parallel processing and ...
Multitasking
Technically, Continuous Partial Attention
“The human frontal function seems
limited to driving the pursuit of two
concurrent goals simultaneously.”
- - Sylvain Charron, and Etienne Koechlin
in “Divided Representation of Concurrent Goals in the Human Frontal Lobes”
Science Vol. 328 no. 5976 pp. 360-363

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They prefer to learn
Just-In-Time
Many teachers prefer to teach them
… just-in-case

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“I’ll get the information when I need it”
Students are more interested in a
general conceptual awareness of the
world, not just a factual awareness of
the world.
-- Ian Jukes & Anita Dosaj
in “Understanding Digital Children (DKs)”
Copyright © 2006 The InfoSavvy Group

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They prefer …
Interactive / Network Approach
Communication, Social, Environment

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They prefer learning that is …
relevant, instantly useful
.. and fun
Motivations, Guidances, Directions

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“These young men and women are the future.
If you want to succeed you need to know what
they care about – such as reducing the gender
gap, improving the quality of education and
increasing access to technology – and work
with them to make concrete positive changes.”
-- Neelie Kreos
Vice-President of the European Commission
In Telefónica press release, 4 June 2013

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Part III
Education in Digital Age

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Let’s ..
Flip your classroom

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Cheerleader
Commander
Cognitive Psychologist
Challenger
Curator
Creative
Conductor
Computer Literate
Collaborator
Cultivator
Consultant Concierge
21st
Century Teachers
Content Deliver

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MOOCs

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● Educational resources
● Classroom records
● Podcasts
● Live broadcast
● ...
Video
ormschool

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● Reflections
● Journaling
● e-Portfolio
● Microblogging
● Learning from others
● RSS
● ...
Blogs

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● A clicker replacement
Polls, Surveys, Feedbacks

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● Announcements
● Material sharing
● Discussions
● Synchronous
● Phone call
● Conference call
● Instant messaging
● Asynchronous
● Instant messaging
● Mail
● SMS
Communication Tools

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Interactive Tools

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Collaboration Tools
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● A set of cloud services offered by Google for educational
institute for free.
● Web-based email, calendar & documents for
collaborative study anytime, anywhere.
● Hosted at Google Data Center, managed by the institute.
● Very secure, 99.9% availability SLA
● Your data belongs to you
● TCO can be very low
● KKU saved 15 mil. baht. of investment.
What is the Google Apps for Education ?

48. Education in Digital Age
Q & A
Kitt Tientanopajai, D.Eng.
(kitt@kku.ac.th)
Assistant to the President for IT Affairs
Director, Institute of Learning and Teaching Innovation
Khon Kaen University
48