2. WHAT IS
ECOSYSYTEM ?
The ecosystem is the structural and
functional unit of ecology where the living
organisms interact with each other and the
surrounding environment.
Eg: Forests, Lakes, Deserts etc.
4. BIOSPHERE IS A NARROW SPHERE OVER THE
EARTH’S SURFACE. IT HAS THE FOLLOWING
FEATURES :
It is less than 20 km
thick and extending 8
Km above sea level and
10 km below sea level.
It is where land,
water and soil
interact with each
other and life occurs.
5. FEATURES OF AN
ECOSYSTEM:
It is characterised by energy and
matter flowing between the
different elements that composes
it.
Ecosystems are separated by
geographical barriers. Most
ecosystems tend to blend into each
other. So we can call our Earth as a
whole, an ecosystem.
6. Biotic components refer to all life in
an ecosystem.
They can be divided into:
1. include all autotrophs. like
Plants
2. Consumers include all heterotrphs and
organisms that depend on other organisms
for food
3. include saprophytes such as
fungi and bacteria.
7. Abiotic components are the non-
living components of an
ecosystem.
It is divided into 3:
1. substances such as
proteins, carbohydrates and lipids.
2. Inorganic substances such as
oxygen,carbon dioxide and water.
3. Climate factors like
altitude,turbidity etc.
8. COMPONENTS OF AN
ECOSYSYTEM:
COMPONENTS OF AN
ECOSYSTEM:
BIOTIC
COMPONENTS
ABIOTIC
COMPONENTS
Producer
s
Consumers
Decomposer
s
Organic Components
Inorganic
Components
Climate Factors
10. THE NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS ARE DIVIDED
INTO 2:
1. Terrestrial ecosystems are exclusively
land-based ecosystems.
There are different types of terrestrial
ecosystems distributed around various geological
zones. They are as follows:
Forest ecosystems
Grassland ecosystems
Tundra ecosystems
Desert ecosystems
2. Aquatic ecosystems are ecosystems
present in a body of water. They can be
further divided into two:
Freshwater ecosystem: lakes,ponds,rivers
Marine ecosystems: sea,ocean
