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1. BIOMES
OF
THE
WORLD

2. WHAT IS A BIOME?
A large naturally occurring community of fauna
and flora occupying a major habitat.

3. A biome is a very large ecological community on
Earth’s surface with fauna and flora adapting to their
environment.

4. A biome is determined by its climate mainly i.e.,
temperature and rainfall.
Each biome has different climate which effects its soil.

5. MAJOR BIOME TYPES
 Aquatic Biome
 Desert Biome
 Forest Biome
 Grassland Biome
 Tundra Biome

6. AQUATIC BIOME

7. WHAT IS AQUATIC BIOME?
The aquatic biome is the largest biome of the
world.
Water covers 75% of the Earth’s surface, in
the form of oceans, lakes and rivers etc.

8. TYPES OF AQUATIC BIOMES
There are broadly two categories of
aquatic biome:
 Freshwater biome
 Saltwater biome

9. WHAT IS FRESHWATER BIOME
A freshwater biome have less than 1% salt
concentration.
Types of freshwater biome include ponds, lakes,
streams, rivers and even some
wetlands.

10. POND ECOSYSTEM

11. LAKE ECOSYSTEM

12. STREAM ECOSYSTEM

13. RIVER ECOSYSTEM

14. WET LANDS

15. ESTUARIES
Areas between moving and still water.
It is a point where freshwater meets saltwater.
They offer habitat to many different plants and
animals.
They have ability to survive in both freshwater and
saltwater ecosystems.

16. FRESHWATER MEETS SALTWATER

17. MOVING WATER MEETS STILL WATER

18. WHAT IS SALTWATER BIOME
It is also called as marine biome.
It is the largest biome and covers 70% of Earth’s
surface.
This water is very salty, there is about one cup of
salt in each gallon of marine water.

19. MARINE ECOSYSTEM
The ocean is divided into three vertical zones:
o Euphotic zone
o Disphotic zone
o Aphotic zone

21. CLASSIFICATION OF MARINE ECOSYSTEM
There are five majors oceans in this ecosystem:
• Pacific ocean
• Atlantic ocean
• Arctic ocean
• Indian ocean
• Southern ocean

23. DESERT BIOME

24. WHAT IS DESERT BIOME?
An ecosystem that forms due to low level of rainfall
it receives each year.
Temperature exhibit daily extremes because
atmosphere contains little humidity to block the
sun’s rays.

25. FACTS ABOUT DESERT BIOME

26. THEY ARE EXTREMELY
HOT
DURING DAY.
They are extremely cold
at night.

27. SAHARA DESERT IS THE LARGEST DESERT OF THE WORLD.
IT COVERS 300 MILLION SQUARE MILES.

28. THE VEGETATION DOES NOT GROW VERY TALL.

29. ANIMALS ARE NOCTURNAL AND HIDE UNDER THE BUSHES
DURING DAY.

30. CAMELS STORE WATER IN THEIR
BODY.
Cactus store water in their
succulent leaves.

31. DESERT STORM CAN BE UP TO 1 MILE HIGH AND
TRAVELS OVER A 100 MILES.

32. DESERTS IN THE WORLD

33. THE FOREST BIOME

34. WHAT IS FOREST BIOME?
A large geographical area which is dominated by large
number of trees.

35. TYPES OF FOREST BIOME
Broadly speaking there are following categories of
Forest biome:
 Tropical Forest
 Temperate Forest
 Boreal Forest

36. TROPICAL FOREST
The forest biome which is characterized by high
temperature and moist habitat.
It is found near the Earth’s equator.

37. HIGHEST ANIMAL
DIVERSITY IS FOUND.
Highest plant diversity is
found.

38. SOIL IS POOR IN NUTRIENTS AS THE
DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS ARE IMMEDIATELY
TAKEN UP BY PLANT EXTENSIVE ROOT SYSTEM.

39. TROPICAL RAINFOREST ARE IDEAL FOR THE
MICROORGANISMS.

40. TEMPERATE FORESTS
A type of forest biome in which there are four
distinct seasons.
Temperature ranges from hot in summer to
extremely cold in winter.
They are found majorly in Northern
hemisphere.

41. IT IS CHARACTERIZED BY DECIDUOUS
TREES.

42. SOIL IS RICH IN NUTRIENTS.

43. UPPER LAYER IS CALLED AS FOREST CANOPY
TIER.

44. SECOND LAYER IS CALLED SMALL TREE TIERS.

45. THIRD LAYER IS CALLED SHRUB TIER.

46. FORTH LAYER IS CALLED HERB
TIER.

47. FIFTH LAYER IS CALLED FLOOR TIER.

48. GRASSLAND BIOME

49. WHAT IS GRASSLAND
BIOME?
Also called as prairies.
A large, rolling terrains of grasses, flowers
and herbs.
Latitude, soil and local climate determine
what kinds of plants grow in particular
grassland.

50. A region where the average
annual precipitation is great
enough to support grasses.
And trees in few areas.

51. TYPES OF GRASSLANDS
There are two types of grasslands:
 Tall grass
 Short grass

52. TALL GRASS ARE HUMID AND WET.
PREDATORS CAN EASILY HIDE.

53. SHORT GRASS IS DRY, WITH HOTTER SUMMER
AND COLDER WINTER.

54. A growing season when there
is no frost and plants can
grow.
A dormant season when nothing
can grow due to extreme cold.

55. THE TUNDRA BIOME

56. WHAT IS TUNDRA BIOME?
Tundra originates from word tunturia which means
treeless plain.
It is extremely cold climate with short season of
growth and reproduction.

57. IT IS NOTED FOR ITS FROST-MOLDED LANDSCAPES.

58. PLANTS ARE PROTECTED BY SNOW DURING WINTER, THEY CARRY
OUT PHOTOSYNTHESIS AT LOW TEMPERATURES AND LIGHT
INTENSITY.

59. ANIMALS HAVE ADDITIONAL FAT
STORED IN THEIR BODY FOR
WINTER.
Birds are also adapted to
their habitat.

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