An ecosystem is a system that includes all living organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms in an area, as well as the physical environment like soil, water, and air in which they live. In an ecosystem, the various living organisms interact with each other and their physical environment. The biotic components of an ecosystem are the living things like plants, animals, and microorganisms that directly or indirectly influence other organisms. Biotic components include producers like plants that use sunlight to produce their own food, consumers like herbivores and carnivores that depend on producers, and decomposers like saprophytes that break down dead matter.

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ECOSYSTEMS

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INTRODUCTION
O U R E A R T H I S O N E O F T H E E I G H T P L A N E T S T H AT
R E V O V L E A R O U N D T H E S U N . I T I S P E R H A P S T H E
O N LY P L A N E T I N T H E S O L A R S Y S T E M T H AT H A S
L I F E O N I T
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• BIOSPHERE IS THAT PART OF THE EARTH IN WHICH LIVING
ORGANISM EXIST . IT INCLUDES LAND SURFACE OF THE
EARTH , ATMOSPHERE OF THE EARTH, AS WELL AS WATER
BODIES ON THE EARTH .
• THE ANIMALS LIVING IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
[FOREST] ARE CALLED WILD ANIMALS.
• THE PLANTS GROWING IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ON
THEIR OWN CALLED AS WILD PLANTS .
• THE TERM WILD LIFE MEANS ALL THE ANIMALS AND PLANTS
WHICH ARE FOUND NATURALLY IN THE FOREST AND OTHER
NATURAL HABITATS .
• DIVERSITY MEANS A VARIETY . BIODIVERSITY MEANS
BIOLOCIGAL VARIETY . IT REFERS TO THE VARIETY OF
ORGANISM [ PLANTS , ANIMALS AND MICROORGANSIMS]
FOUND IN A PARTICULAR AREA OR HABITAT .
• OR - THE PRESENCE OF A LARGE NUMBER OF ORGANISM
FOUND IN A PARTICULAR AREA IS CALLE/D BIODIVERSITY .
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UNDERSTANDING ECOSYSTEM.
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ECOSYSTEM ECOSYSTEM
• AN ECOSYSTEM IS A SYSTEM WHICH INCLUDE ALL THE LIVING ORGANISM [ PLANTS , ANIMALS ,
MICROORGANISM ] OF AN AREA AND PHYSICAL ENVIROINMENT [ SOIL , WATER AND AIR ] IN
WHICH THEY LIVE . IN AN ECOSYSYEM , THE VARIOUS LIVING ORGANISM INTERACT AMONG
THEMSELVES AND ALSO WITH THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH THEY LIVE

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BIOTIC COMPONENTS
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• BIOTIC COMPONENTS ARE THE LIVING THINGS WHAT HAVE A
DIRECT ARE INDIRECT INFLUENCE ON OTHER ORGANISMS IN
AN ENVIRONMENT. FOR EXAMPLE PLANTS , ANIMALS AND
MICRO ORGANISMS AND THEIR WASTE MATERIALS.
• PRODUCERS : THESE INCLUDE ALL THE AUTOTROPHS . THEY
USE LIGHT ENERGY AND SYNTHESIZE FOOD ON THEIR OWN,
E.G. PLANTS, GREEN ALGAE, ETC
• CONSUMERS: THESE INCLUDE ALL THE HETEROTROPHS THAT
DIRECTELY ARE INDIRECTELY DEPEND ON PRODUCES FOR
THEIR FOOD. CONSUMERS ARE FURTHER CATEGORIZED AS
HERBIVORES , CARNIVORES, OMNIVORES AND PARASITES.
• DECOMPOSERS: THUS INCLUDE SAPROPHYTES WHICH ACT
ON DEAD MATTER AND DECAY THEM FOR THEIR NUTRIOTION.

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So, I think you all understood further in chapter will be
continued by my friends.
Thank you 😊