Fungi have both beneficial and harmful economic importance. Beneficially, fungi are used in industries such as brewing and baking, to produce pharmaceutical products, and in agriculture through genetic studies. However, fungi can also harmfully cause plant diseases, human diseases like ringworm and athlete's foot, and food spoilage. The document discusses the economic importance of fungi by outlining how they are beneficially used in industries, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture, but also how they can negatively cause plant diseases, human diseases, and food spoilage.