Eart and science

1. GEOLOGIC TIME
SCALE OF THE
EARTH
Earth's History
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2. GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE is a record of the major events and
diversity of life forms present in Earth’s history. The geologic time scale
began when Earth was formed and goes on until the present. It divides
Earth’s long history into units of time.
HOW IT IS CALCULATED?
• Scientists developed the title scale by studying
rock layers and fossils world wide.
•
Radioactive dating helped determine the absolute
divisions in the time scale.

4. WHAT IS EON?
the largest intervals of geologic time. A single eon covers a period
of several hundred million years. The history of the Earth has been divided
into three eons: Archaean, Proterozoic and Phanerozoic.
WHAT IS ERA?
It is the subdivision of eons. The geologic time scale is divided into three
eras.
WHAT IS PERIOD EPOCH?
Periods and Epochs. Each era is further divided into periods and further
into epochs.

5. 4 TYPES OF EON
01 PROTEROZOIC
ARCHEAN
03 HADEAN
04
02
PHANEROZOIC

6. PHANEROZOIC
● CAENOZOIC
● MESOZOIC
● PALEOZOIC
01

7. Cenozoic (66 million years ago until
today) means 'recent life. '
The Cenozoic Era is the "Age of
Mammals." North America's
characteristic landscapes began to
develop during the Cenozoic. Birds
and mammals rose in prominence
after the extinction of giant
reptiles. Common Cenozoic fossils
include cat-like carnivores and
early horses, as well as ice age
woolly mammoths.
CAENOZOIC

8. The Cenozoic Era is generally
divided into three periods:
● Paleogene Period - oldest of the three
stratigraphic divisions of the Cenozoic Era
spanning the interval between 66 million
and 23 million years ago. Paleogene is
Greek meaning “ancient-born”
● Neogene Period, the second of three
divisions of the Cenozoic Era. The Neogene
Period encompasses the interval between
23 million and 2.6 million years ago

9. ● Quaternary, - a unit of time within the Cenozoic Era, beginning 2,588,000
years ago and continuing to the present day. The Quaternary has been
characterized by several periods of glaciation (the “ice ages” of common
lore),

10. MESOZOIC ERA
The Mesozoic Era (251.9 to
66.0 million years ago) was
the "Age of Reptiles." During
the Mesozoic, Pangaea
began separating into the
modern continents, and the
modern Rocky Mountains
rose. Dinosaurs, crocodiles,
and pterosaurs ruled the
land and air.
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11. MESOZOIC ERA ‘THE AGE OF
REPTILES’

12. 3 PERIODS IN
MESZOIC ERA
Because key words are great for catching your audience’s attention

13. Triassic Period
01

14. Creation of the continents
Neptune is the farthest
planet from the Sun
Saturn is composed of
hydrogen and helium
Mercury is the closest
object to the Sun
Despite being red, Mars is
a cold place
Mercury
Saturn
Mars
Neptune

15. The Jurassic period was the second segment
of the Mesozoic era. It occurred from 201.3
million to 145 million years ago,During the
Jurassic period, the supercontinent Pangaea
split apart. The northern half, known as
Laurentia, was splitting into landmasses that
would eventually form North America and
Eurasia, opening basins for the central
Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico.
02 JURASSIC ERA

16. Cretaceous
● Though not the largest, the most famous of all mass
extinctions marks the end of the Cretaceous Period.
As you may know, this was the great extinction in
which the dinosaurs died out.
● The Cretaceous Period started around 145.5 million
years ago and ended around 65.5 million years ago.
During this period, land on Earth was breaking up into
separate continents the way it is today. Flowering
plants appeared for the first time, and dinosaurs lived
all over the Earth

17. The Paleozoic Era

18. 6 PERIODS OF
PALEOZOIC ERA

19. CAMBRIAN
The Cambrian Period
The Cambrian Period marks an
important point in the history of life
on Earth; it is the time when many
kinds of invertebrates and the first
vertebrates—fishes—appeared in the
fossil record. The Burgess Shale
contains the best record of Cambrian
animal fossils including soft-bodied
forms

20. Ordovician
Ordovician Period, in geologic time,
the second period of the Paleozoic
Era. It began 485.4 million years ago,
following the Cambrian Period, and
ended 443.8 million years ago,
The Ordovician is best known for its
diverse marine invertebrates,
including graptolites, trilobites,
brachiopods, and the conodonts
(early vertebrates). A typical marine
community consisted of these
animals, plus red and green algae,
primitive fish, cephalopods, corals,
crinoids, and gastropods.

21. Possibly the most remarkable
biological event during the
Silurian was the evolution and
diversification of fish. Not only
does this time period mark the
wide and rapid spread of jawless
fish, but also the appearances of
both the first known freshwater
fish and the first fish with jaws.
Y ou can enter a subtitle here if you need it
SILURIAN

22. Devonian
The Devonian, part of the
Paleozoic era, is otherwise
known as the Age of Fishes,
as it spawned a remarkable
variety of fish. The most
formidable of them were the
armored placoderms, a group
that first appeared during the
Silurian with powerful jaws
lined with bladelike plates
that acted as teeth.

23. Carboniferous Period
The Carboniferous Period is
famous for its vast swamp forests,
such as the one depicted here.
Such swamps produced the coal
from which the term
Carboniferous, or "carbon-
bearing," is derived. The
Carboniferous Period lasted from
about 359.2 to 299 million years
ago* during the late Paleozoic Era.

24. Permian
The Permian Period. The Permian
period lasted from 299 to 251 million
years ago* and was the last period
of the Paleozoic Era. The distinction
between the Paleozoic and the
Mesozoic is made at the end of the
Permian in recognition of the largest
mass extinction recorded in the
history of life on Earth

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