The purpose of the Duluth Pack Business Consulting Project was to integrate the influence principles learned from Robert Cialdini's classic book of persuasion entitled "Influence: Science and Practice." We closely analyzed the Duluth Pack store in Duluth, Minnesota in terms of their environment and consumer interactions to see how they can make changes to better serve their customers and increase sales. This project determines six current situations, thereby following suggested recommendations for each.
Here are some interesting things about custom tote bags that make you fall in...jennifersummers25
Promotional bags are very important nowadays for promoting one's company. All the companies are looking forward to personalizing their products to give maximum customer satisfaction and thus have more popularity and profit, the reason being that customization is the future of all the company consumer products. This trend has affected every kind of consumer product from a small cup to vehicle, clothing, accessories and mobile phones.
Presentation on the case study Scooter- a store for kids toys, books, apparel, and other essentials. Topics covered window display, fixtures, trade area analysis, store atmospheric and major VM elements.
Here are some interesting things about custom tote bags that make you fall in...jennifersummers25
Promotional bags are very important nowadays for promoting one's company. All the companies are looking forward to personalizing their products to give maximum customer satisfaction and thus have more popularity and profit, the reason being that customization is the future of all the company consumer products. This trend has affected every kind of consumer product from a small cup to vehicle, clothing, accessories and mobile phones.
Presentation on the case study Scooter- a store for kids toys, books, apparel, and other essentials. Topics covered window display, fixtures, trade area analysis, store atmospheric and major VM elements.
YRS Enterprises was established in 2000 as Sole Proprietorship Firm. We are the leading Manufacturer and Wholesaler of Shopping Bag, Designer Sticker, and many more products. These products are produced under the close and controlled supervision of skilled workforce. They ensure that manufacturing is streamlined and production is flawless. Our research and development team carries out various researches and experiments to bring a new range of products in the market. Our personnel’s work for the development of the firm and ensures for bulk production. Our team maintains regular contact with their clients and they ensure that production is done according to their needs and requirements.
Mr. Karthikeyan.(Proprietor) has a profound insight of business policies. Under his supervision, we have earned a repudiated name for our firm. Our proprietor takes personal initiative on the working of the firm and lays down sound business policies, which help in creating a coordinated working environment. He remains aware of the threats and opportunities prevailing in the business environment and maintains a backup for arise of any unforeseen condition. Our proprietor takes the manageable amount of risk which does not hamper the working of the firm.
Client satisfaction is our major concern. We try to keep approachable pricing policies for our respective clients and also to in order to attract new clients. We believe that customer perception is our reality and a satisfied customer remains a loyal customer. Our firm focuses on delivering realistic promises and their fulfillment adds to goodwill of the firm. Their favorable word of mouth helps in the creation of new clients as well as bulk demands. We continuously work for improvements until we attain 100% client satisfaction.
The major driving force of our firm is quality. No compromises are done regarding the quality standards. We strive hard for maintaining quality standards in production as well as delivery of the products. We believe that quality is the totality of high intention, sincere effort, intelligent direction and skillful execution.
The world renowned marketing guru Mr. Philip Kotler said that failure rate of new consumer products is as high as 80%. That means that on an average of 100 new consumer brands hitting the Indian stores only 20 of them survive. So what does it take for a product or stay on the shelf, or better still get picked up by the end consumer?
When a consumer visits a supermarket or a grocery store he searches for the item which are known to him or looks at items which he finds visually appealing. Visuals are the mainstay of promoting a product. The more attractive the package, better are the chances of it flying off the shelf into the shopping basket.
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Orpah Winfrey Dwayne Johnson: Titans of Influence and Inspirationgreendigital
Introduction
In the realm of entertainment, few names resonate as Orpah Winfrey Dwayne Johnson. Both figures have carved unique paths in the industry. achieving unparalleled success and becoming iconic symbols of perseverance, resilience, and inspiration. This article delves into the lives, careers. and enduring legacies of Orpah Winfrey Dwayne Johnson. exploring how their journeys intersect and what we can learn from their remarkable stories.
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Early Life and Backgrounds
Orpah Winfrey: From Humble Beginnings to Media Mogul
Orpah Winfrey, often known as Oprah due to a misspelling on her birth certificate. was born on January 29, 1954, in Kosciusko, Mississippi. Raised in poverty by her grandmother, Winfrey's early life was marked by hardship and adversity. Despite these challenges. she demonstrated a keen intellect and an early talent for public speaking.
Winfrey's journey to success began with a scholarship to Tennessee State University. where she studied communication. Her first job in media was as a co-anchor for the local evening news in Nashville. This role paved the way for her eventual transition to talk show hosting. where she found her true calling.
Dwayne Johnson: From Wrestling Royalty to Hollywood Superstar
Dwayne Johnson, also known by his ring name "The Rock," was born on May 2, 1972, in Hayward, California. He comes from a family of professional wrestlers, with both his father, Rocky Johnson. and his grandfather, Peter Maivia, being notable figures in the wrestling world. Johnson's early life was spent moving between New Zealand and the United States. experiencing a variety of cultural influences.
Before entering the world of professional wrestling. Johnson had aspirations of becoming a professional football player. He played college football at the University of Miami. where he was part of a national championship team. But, injuries curtailed his football career, leading him to follow in his family's footsteps and enter the wrestling ring.
Career Milestones
Orpah Winfrey: The Queen of All Media
Winfrey's career breakthrough came in 1986 when she launched "The Oprah Winfrey Show." The show became a cultural phenomenon. drawing millions of viewers daily and earning many awards. Winfrey's empathetic and candid interviewing style resonated with audiences. helping her tackle diverse and often challenging topics.
Beyond her talk show, Winfrey expanded her empire to include the creation of Harpo Productions. a multimedia production company. She also launched "O, The Oprah Magazine" and OWN: Oprah Winfrey Network, further solidifying her status as a media mogul.
Dwayne Johnson: From The Ring to The Big Screen
Dwayne Johnson's wrestling career took off in the late 1990s. when he became one of the most charismatic and popular figures in WWE. His larger-than-life persona and catchphrases endeared him to fans. making him a household name. But, Johnson had ambitions beyond the wrestling ring.
In the early 20
Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
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Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
Meet Dinah Mattingly – Larry Bird’s Partner in Life and Loveget joys
Get an intimate look at Dinah Mattingly’s life alongside NBA icon Larry Bird. From their humble beginnings to their life today, discover the love and partnership that have defined their relationship.
Young Tom Selleck: A Journey Through His Early Years and Rise to Stardomgreendigital
Introduction
When one thinks of Hollywood legends, Tom Selleck is a name that comes to mind. Known for his charming smile, rugged good looks. and the iconic mustache that has become synonymous with his persona. Tom Selleck has had a prolific career spanning decades. But, the journey of young Tom Selleck, from his early years to becoming a household name. is a story filled with determination, talent, and a touch of luck. This article delves into young Tom Selleck's life, background, early struggles. and pivotal moments that led to his rise in Hollywood.
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Early Life and Background
Family Roots and Childhood
Thomas William Selleck was born in Detroit, Michigan, on January 29, 1945. He was the second of four children in a close-knit family. His father, Robert Dean Selleck, was a real estate investor and executive. while his mother, Martha Selleck, was a homemaker. The Selleck family relocated to Sherman Oaks, California. when Tom was a child, setting the stage for his future in the entertainment industry.
Education and Early Interests
Growing up, young Tom Selleck was an active and athletic child. He attended Grant High School in Van Nuys, California. where he excelled in sports, particularly basketball. His tall and athletic build made him a standout player, and he earned a basketball scholarship to the University of Southern California (U.S.C.). While at U.S.C., Selleck studied business administration. but his interests shifted toward acting.
Discovery of Acting Passion
Tom Selleck's journey into acting was serendipitous. During his time at U.S.C., a drama coach encouraged him to try acting. This nudge led him to join the Hills Playhouse, where he began honing his craft. Transitioning from an aspiring athlete to an actor took time. but young Tom Selleck became drawn to the performance world.
Early Career Struggles
Breaking Into the Industry
The path to stardom was a challenging one for young Tom Selleck. Like many aspiring actors, he faced many rejections and struggled to find steady work. A series of minor roles and guest appearances on television shows marked his early career. In 1965, he debuted on the syndicated show "The Dating Game." which gave him some exposure but did not lead to immediate success.
The Commercial Breakthrough
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Selleck began appearing in television commercials. His rugged good looks and charismatic presence made him a popular brand choice. He starred in advertisements for Pepsi-Cola, Revlon, and Close-Up toothpaste. These commercials provided financial stability and helped him gain visibility in the industry.
Struggling Actor in Hollywood
Despite his success in commercials. breaking into large acting roles remained a challenge for young Tom Selleck. He auditioned and took on small parts in T.V. shows and movies. Some of his early television appearances included roles in popular series like Lancer, The F.B.I., and Bracken's World. But, it would take a
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Due to their ability to produce engaging content more quickly, over-the-top (OTT) app builders have made the process of creating video applications more accessible. The invitation to explore these platforms emphasizes how over-the-top (OTT) applications hold the potential to transform digital entertainment.
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Barbie Movie Review has gotten brilliant surveys for its fun and creative story. Coordinated by Greta Gerwig, it stars Margot Robbie as Barbie and Ryan Gosling as Insight. Critics adore its perky humor, dynamic visuals, and intelligent take on the notorious doll's world. It's lauded for being engaging for both kids and grown-ups. The Astras profoundly prescribes observing the Barbie Review for a delightful and colorful cinematic involvement.https://theastras.com/hca-member-gradebooks/hca-gradebook-barbie/
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Duluth Pack is a small privately owned business based in Duluth, Minnesota that makes packs for
outdoor use, recreational use, and everyday use such as school and travel bags. Duluth Packs were first
created when a French-Canadian named Camille Poirier filed for a patent for his new packsack design in
1882. Formerly known as the Poirier pack, it was a canvas sack that closed with a buckled flap, had new-
fangled shoulder straps in addition to the traditional tumpline, a revolutionary sternum strap and an umbrella
holder. This design is now referred to as the original Duluth Pack.
Poirier sold his design to Duluth Tent and Awning Company in 1911. At the time, Duluth had more
millionaires per capita than in any other town in America and the company made countless awnings for
Duluth’s businesses. While America was changing, the company also made canvas tents that attached to a
car to create the first “mobile home”. Due to its durability, Duluth Pack is a great pack for working people
with plenty of leisure time.
Finally in June 1991, the retail store in Canal Park of Duluth, Minnesota was opened and quickly
expanded to the now 5000 square-foot flagship store in 1998. While the retail store is located in Canal Park,
Duluth Pack’s headquarters remains on West Superior Street in Duluth, Minnesota. Other than making the
original pack, Duluth Pack also makes large camping packs, luggage, and various sizes of backpacks.
Background
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
CUSTOMER PROFILE
Target Market:
Duluth Pack’s primary
customers are business
professionals between
the ages of 35 and 65
that come into the
store with their family
or in groups. College
students are a secondary target market. Customers perceive
themselves as outdoorsy, busy people and want high quality
products that will last them a lifetime. They are not only
purchasing outdoor gear but also products to use for their real
jobs, such as portfolios and backpacks. Customers have a four-
year degree, or are currently working towards one, as well as a
high-paying job. During the week, business is slow and customers
are mainly local business professionals. During weekends the
store is extremely busy and full of tourists. Duluth Pack products
give off an image of high-class. They are a status symbol that
shows a person is successful and enjoys high quality products.
Duluth Pack packs also have a lifetime warranty. If the bag falls
apart in any way Duluth Pack will fix the bag free of charge.
Customers who purchase packs find these attributes very
appealing, making the high prices worthwhile.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Method
We have decided to observe eight different shopping habits of Duluth Pack’s customers. We
observed the direction the customers went once they entered the store, if they made a purchase, the average
time spent in the store, if they went upstairs, if they looked at multiple types of items (clothing, packs, or
outdoor gear), if they sought help or were approached by salespeople, if they pick up the packs or just looked
at them, and if they came in as a group, family, or a single person. We decided to observe these items based
on our interview with Alicia, the store manager. Alicia wants to improve the overall flow of the store so that
is the reason we decided to observe which way customers went upon entering, what items they were looking
at, and if they went upstairs. The upstairs portion of the Duluth Pack store seems to be underutilized. We
also talked with Alicia about Duluth Pack’s target market, which is why we decided to look at the groups,
family, or single variable. Our plan to observe Duluth Pack’s customers was to go to the store in pairs of two
to observe for 2-4 hour shifts mostly on the weekends. We wanted to stay close to the entrance to observe the
direction the customers went; however, we also walked around the store regularly to make sure we had
accurate observations about what the customers were doing.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Store Manager Interview
Alicia is the store manager we had the chance to interview about Duluth Pack. The biggest problem
mentioned to us was the layout of the store. Alicia mentioned that the store layout is not directed at
channeling customers toward the main attraction of the store that is Duluth Pack gear. The flow of the
product is irrelevant, in other words there is a lot of variety, and layout of the products in the store is
inconsistent. In one corner of the store there are camping supplies and across the store, in a different
corner, there are more miscellaneous camping supplies. The upper level of the store does not see the traffic
that Alicia would like it to see on a regular basis. Sixty percent of yearly sales come from clothing lines,
but clothing takes up seventy percent of the store. Now they have people focusing on marketing and not
just quality. The store is 8,500 square feet but Alicia does not feel that they are utilizing show floor space
effectively. She mentioned that this is something the store plans on fixing over the next few months.
Consumers who shop at Duluth Pack perceive themselves as outdoorsy, adventurous, and busy
business professionals. Duluth Pack products offer a high-class image with a value-expressive function
about the type of attitude people want to give off about them. These customers also value new up- to-date
products and Duluth Pack comes out with new designs and color patterns to bring back business time after
time. Consumers see Duluth Pack goods as a luxury good that is only available in the one store location. It
is a destination spot for many people visiting Duluth, and the store has a homey feel to it. It allows
customers to be in a relaxed state of mind, which aids them in purchasing high-end objects.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Primary customers for Duluth Pack are business professionals that love outdoor adventures. They are
seeking portfolios as modern day businesses require laptop use, and the portfolio packs fulfill this need. This
allows the customer to feel high-class since Duluth Pack gear is expensive while at the same time showing
they have an outdoors adventure side. College students are yet another major customer for Duluth Pack.
Students purchase backpacks for school use since they have a lifetime warranty, which is a high quality
attribute since the pack will need to last four to five years.
Although Duluth Pack is a locally operated store, it supplies backpacks all over the world. Barneys
New York is a high-class store located in New York City and Duluth Pack supplies them with packs that are
fashionable. The only difference is the logo on the packs. Duluth Pack also supplies their packs to stores in
Europe and to over 200 locations in Korea. Duluth Pack’s packs have also been in the Men’s Journal and
Good Housekeeping magazines. Duluth Pack’s great success started seven years ago when different owners
purchased the company. They took a store that was struggling and built it up to the point it is today. Alicia
said, “The owner genuinely believes in it, so people buy into it!” Having owners that are “die hard” about the
product has fueled Duluth Pack into what it is today.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
The observed shoppers matched the target market, as
many were outdoor enthusiasts. Customers who were 18-24
years old were attracted to the school-oriented packs. On the
other hand, customers who were 35+ looked at outdoor gear,
clothing, accessories, and luggage. Generally, customers who
were 35+, as well as families, spent between 10 and 20 minutes
in the store. The younger customers spent about 10 minutes
maximum. We estimated the conversion rate to be around 31%.
This means that nearly one third of customers who come into
Duluth Pack’s store make a purchase. Duluth Pack’s
interception rate is around 35%. This means there are two thirds
of customers that don’t come into contact with an employee.
Customers typically did not wait long, the longest we saw a
customer wait was around five minutes. Duluth Pack has
multiple checkout locations to cut down on customer wait times.
In the store manager interview with Alicia, we found out the
primary market consists of middle-aged business people, while
the secondary market consists of college students. The business
people perceive themselves as outdoorsy, but professional at the
same time. They look for quality products such as Duluth Pack
Portfolios. According to the store manager, once they purchase
their first pack they usually want another one.
Basic Observations
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Current Layout
UPPER LEVEL
LOWER LEVEL
This is the current layout
of the Duluth Pack store.
After you read our
recommendations, you
will find our proposed
layout.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommendation 1: Free Gift with a Purchase
Current Situation
Currently Duluth Pack does not implement the reciprocity
principle to encourage customers to purchase from the store.
Customers are buying packs that range from $150-$400
each. There is currently no extra incentive for a customers to
spend that much money on a pack when they could buy something
that would also work from Target or some other store for $60.
Recommendation
The reciprocation rule can be used to encourage customers
to buy the expensive packs. Motivating customers by giving back
to them will make them feel appreciated and they will also start to
develop a liking to the store. This will improve the moral around
the store and customers will give a positive feedback about their
Duluth Pack experience to all their peers and family.
Justification
When a customer comes into the store and wants to buy a
pack, they will be more persuaded to buy if they are given a free
leather/canvas cleaning kit, or something to help them maintain
the pack. Giving the customer something back makes them feel
like they are appreciated and the store is thankful for their
business.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
According to Dr. Cialdini the rule of reciprocation says that we should try to repay, in kind, what
another person has provided us. The consumer is giving the store money and in return they are getting
the pack, but an additional item is the push the customer needs in deciding to purchase the pack. This
will not cost Duluth Pack money since the customer is already spending an average of $200 for a pack.
Another feature that would be helpful to increase customer purchases with packs would be to
have a driving distance discount. For instance when a customer comes from two hours away, they
would receive a ten percent discount on their purchase. Customers who come from further away, such
as Iowa or the Dakotas, would receive a twenty percent discount. This would show their appreciation
for customers who have traveled long distances and shopped at Duluth Pack. This will also develop a
strong liking toward the store, and these people who live far away from the Duluth area will potentially
think of Duluth Pack and buy Duluth Pack gear from their website.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommendation 2: Utilize Social Proof
Current Situation
Currently Duluth Pack does not use the social proof principle to
their advantage. Based on our observations there are no hints that
people can use to connect themselves to Duluth Pack. People are more
persuaded to buy products they feel match their own personality.
Recommendation
Duluth Pack could use the social proof principle to their
advantage. Social proof informs us that people are more willing to behave in a certain way by watching
others similar to them. This influence will mostly be effective when customers are able to see other
users purchase the product; they will instantly be persuaded to purchase Duluth pack as well. Also, the
current users will have the ability to inform new and prospective users on what products are more
popular and versatile.
Justification
Placing popular packs in the front of the store and labeling them “Most Popular” so that
customers will see them right away will help convince customers that others like that pack or packs.
“Advertisers love to inform us when a product is the “fastest-growing” or “largest-selling” because
they don't have to convince us directly that the product is good: they need only to say that many others
think so, which seems proof enough” (Influence, 110 ). This will decrease the amount of selling the
floor employees will have to do since the customer will be convinced after seeing that it is the most
popular item to have. People want to feel that they are apart of a certain group and observing what
others in the group are using will influence them to purchase the pack(s).
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Influencing people to buy Duluth Pack gear can be as simple as displaying mannequins wearing suits and
holding portfolios or other business packs. This will give off the impression that business professionals use
the product for everyday uses. According to the social proof principle people will link themselves with the
mannequins and want to buy Duluth Pack products as well. According to Dr. Cialdini, 95% of people
imitate what they see others doing, while 5% of people are the initiators that people try to copy. This
shows that people are more likely to follow people they view as being similar to them. Besides
mannequins, Duluth Pack should promote their products around the store by posting pictures of Duluth
Pack customers using their pack ‘in action;’ Duluth Pack receives many pictures from fans and customers
in general. Television commercials with people using Duluth Pack gear in the business world, as well as
using it in an outdoor setting would influence people that see themselves in that way to purchase.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommendation 3: Have a Seating Area Tailored to All
Ages
Current Situation:
Duluth Pack does not have many seating
options around their store. Based on our
observations, a typical consumer who enters the
store is either with children or with a significant
other. Although Duluth Pack has merchandise for
all ages, it may still be difficult for the child or
significant other to be patient due to the time spent in the store. There is currently a sitting area near the
lower level fireplace and the books. This is a convenient place to have a seating area. However, not many
consumers are attracted to the seats due to the merchandise offered near the area.
Recommendation
Duluth Pack should continue to offer the cozy seating area near the fireplace but instead of having
overflowing shelves of books, make the seating area more family friendly by offering merchandise and
activities that will suit shoppers of all ages.
Justification:
According to Paco Underhill’s book entitled Why We Buy “In the majority of stores throughout the
world, sales would instantly be increased by the addition of one chair...a chair says: we care. Given the
chance, people will buy from people who care” (91). A seating area gives an option for customers to rest.
While this benefits the customer, this will also benefit the company by showing the customers that they
care.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
The seating area in general
should be more visible for
customers due to the many racks
of clothing surrounding the area.
To increase visibility of the
seating area, the walkway to the area should be more easily accessed and a rack or two surrounding it
should be eliminated or moved to a different location of the store. Other than just having an area for
customers to just sit around, there should be merchandise and activities to keep the wandering eye within
that area. For instance, the Paul Bunyan crayons could be placed on the coffee table in the seating area
along with paper so children and adults of all ages can experiment with them. Once they have found their
love for the crayons, they will want to purchase them. In order to tailor the crayons towards a younger age
group, there should also be outdoorsy coloring books to correlate with the Duluth Pack theme.
Underhill suggests, “Shoppers make the ultimate determination of how they use the retail
environment and the products that are sold in it” (91). Having customers sample or try a product
beforehand will help influence them to make a purchase. Although the crayons are geared toward children,
parents of children always want to make sure their kids are happy. While the parents are shopping, the kids
are enjoying coloring with the Paul Bunyan crayons and will want to leave the store with at least one
crayon. The parents will want to continue to see this behavior of their kids; therefore they will agree to
purchase the crayons. Books are always entertaining for customers to look at while sitting down. However,
when there are too many books in one place, it may be too intimidating for the eye to be attracted to.
Based on our observations, very few customers spent time looking at the books—about one in seven
customers who entered Duluth Pack actually spent time looking at books. The customers who had actually
viewed the books were tourists looking for an information book either about Duluth, the North Shore, the
Boundary Waters, etc. Instead of having multiple bookshelves filled with books that are not relevant to
the customer’s needs, there should be room for local newspapers such as the Duluth News Tribune.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
By offering the Duluth News Tribune, customers can spend time in the seating area learning more about
the local environment they are currently in. Underhill also states, “Adjacencies are of huge importance to
every product” (93). Other than books, newspapers, and Paul Bunyan crayons surrounding the seating area,
other hands on activities may be beneficial as well; this may include stuffed animals and beanie babies that
are currently around the store.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommendation 4: Place Mirrors Throughout Pack Area
Current Situation:
Duluth Pack only has mirrors in their
fitting rooms. There are no mirrors for
customers to use in order to see what clothes
will look like on them or what a pack might
look like while they wear it.
Recommendation:
Duluth Pack should place mirrors
throughout the pack area, lower clothing area, and upstairs clothing area. The mirrors should be between
four and five feet high, sixteen inches wide, and at least two feet off the ground in order for the customer
to be able to see their entire body.
Justification:
Currently, the Duluth Pack store only has mirrors in their fitting rooms. Putting mirrors throughout
the lower clothing area, pack area, and upper clothing area will slow customers down and allow them to
see what certain products will look like on. This will also eliminate the hassle of going to the fitting room
and actually trying on a simple t-shirt. According to Paco Underhill’s book Why We Buy “Self interest is
a basic part of our species.”(Underhill 168). Customers want to know how a sweatshirt will look on their
body or how a pack will sit on their shoulder. Mirrors will give customers an advantage by allowing them
to try on the packs and see how it looks and feels on them. Mirrors will be an effective attention
enhancer. The book CB2
by Babin and Harris on page 68 states that involvement creates a personal
relevance toward the product.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
The customer will be able to see what the pack or clothing item will look
like on themselves, giving them a sense of what the product will do for
them. The more involving a product, the greater the chance the object will
be attended to (Babin and Harris 87). When placing the mirrors they need to
be right next to the clothes, packs, hats, or shoes. According to the book
Why We Buy, customers will decide the purchase is not worth the trouble if
they have to go out of their way to find a mirror (Underhill 183). However,
mirrors should not be in every single possible spot, as this will turn the store
into a funhouse and turn off customers. There should be four mirrors in the
pack area, four mirrors in the lower clothing area, two mirrors in the upstairs
show area, and three mirrors in the upper clothing area. According to our
observations, most of the customers go upstairs, while at least 44% of
customers go to the right when entering the store. When customers enter the
store they typically need a few seconds to adjust to everything going on
around them. The mirrors will help slow the customers down and get them
to look at the packs, which are good moneymakers. This will keep them in
the store longer and get them thinking about making a purchase. Most of
the customers that come into the store are families on vacation. Since they are on vacation, they are
probably experiential shopping in Duluth and trying to experience all that Duluth has to offer. Customers
that are experiential shopping, see their shopping experience as unique and are willing to buy something
less familiar and intriguing (Babin and Harris 197). Duluth Pack is a unique aspect of Duluth’s culture
and by putting mirrors up customers will slow down, pick up, touch, and put on a Duluth Pack and buy
something that represents Duluth and their experience in the city. Putting up mirrors will increase the
amount of thought customers put into a purchase from Duluth Pack and make them more involved with the
products in the store.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommendation 5: Rearrange Store Layout
Current Situation:
None of the customers who entered the store went directly
to the back wall to browse sale products. This is due to sale items
being scattered around the store. For example, there are mittens
for sale near the checkout counter, children’s clothing for sale that
is mixed in with the women’s clothing, and t-shirts for sale near a
glass case filled with small leather items. Therefore there is no
reason for customers to go to the back wall, when sale items are
scattered around the store. Another issue is the location of men
and women’s clothing. The clothing is placed side by side, with
no distinct line of division.
Recommendation:
In order to get shoppers to the back wall of the store Duluth Pack should place their sale items in
one location. According to Why We Buy “The Gap, Aeropostale, and Anthropologie—all apparel store
chains—put their discount sale products in the back left-hand corner of the store” (86). Also, Duluth Pack
should organize the clothing by gender so customers are not confused.
Justification:
As a result regular shoppers will be conditioned to go the remotest corner of the store. Once they
reach the back of the store Duluth Pack needs to make sure the pathway back to the front is well
merchandised and that at least some of the signage is facing the customer. Therefore, Duluth Pack should
paint moose prints on the floor to create a pathway back to the front of the store.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
This is a unique way to guide customers through the store and keep them interested. A grocery store
effectively used a similar tactic to keep shoppers interested. The grocer wanted to keep shoppers in the
cereal aisle for longer so it applied a floor graphic of a hopscotch game. In one store study, the average
time kids played on the hopscotch graphic was almost 14 seconds. This is a long time to be standing in
front of cereal without buying some. We believe the moose prints will have a similar effect on children and
consequently keep them occupied. Duluth Pack should also segment their clothing by gender. Dividing the
clothing by gender will decrease customer confusion and they will know for sure that the clothes they are
buying are for the appropriate gender. Men will not make a purchase if they cannot find something within
one or two tries. Therefore, men’s clothing should be placed near the fitting rooms because men who try on
clothing make a purchase 65% of the time. Women’s clothing should be spaced out so female customers do
not feel squished between racks. This makes them feel uncomfortable and they will not make a purchase
(Underhill, 1999).
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommendation 6: Scarcity
Current Situation
Currently, Duluth Pack
does not mention their packs are
hand-made, and how hard the
packs are to make along with the
time it take to construct them.
Styles and color patterns are
only there while supplies last,
and Duluth Pack could use the
scarcity principle to their
advantage. These are implication that Duluth Pack should use to their advantage to sell more packs.
Recommendation
The scarcity principle states that people are more likely to buy when they know that item is limited
or has a time restriction. Duluth Pack can use this principle to let consumers know that certain packs and
other items are in limited or short supply. The canvas for the packs cannot be bought in United States due to
Army restrictions, so Duluth Pack needs to order it from India.
Justification
When customers know that a certain product is in limited supply, they are more inclined to make a
purchase. When a customer sees an item they are interested in, the shortcut of scarcity comes into play.
Consumers are more prompt to buy an item if they notice only a few left.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
“Probably the most straightforward use of the scarcity principle occurs in the “limited-number” tactic in
which a consumer is informed that a certain product is in short supply and cannot be guaranteed to last
long” (Influence. 200). When items are listed as being in limited supply, the value of the product increases,
making it more wanted by the consumer. Certain styles and color options of the pack will not be around the
store for long periods of
time. Duluth Pack could
inform customers that they
cannot get the canvas here
in the United States, but
have to order it from out of
the country instead. This
can cause shortages in the
number of packs available
for sale.
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
APPENDIX 1
Jon’s Observations (added up for number of times observed)
Which direction did
customers go when
entering store?
Left
18+6+15=
39
Right
24+12+15=
51
Straight
18+11+13=
42 132
total
entries
Purchase? Yes
15+20+15=50
No 410
total entries
Avg. time Spent 0-10
4+3+5= 12
11-19
7+7+2=16
20+
5+1=6
Upstairs Yes
24+20+28=
72
No
Pack, Clothes, Outdoor
Gear, All
Pack Clothes
15+4=19
Outdoor
Gear
1
Multiple
17+49+21=87
Approached by
Salespeople
Yes
8+4+8=20
No
61
number of times
encountered sales
person
Do customers seek help? Yes
25+10+6=41
No
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Pick up Packs or look Pick up/touch
40+18+6=64
Look
12 total
Group,
single, family
Group
55+23+20= 98
Single
5+9+20=34
Family
41+21+26=
90
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Victoria’s Observations (added up for number of times observed)
Which direction did customers go
when entering store?
Left
15+5+12=
32
Right
27+15+15=
57
Straight
12+11+10=
33
57
122
Purchase? Yes
9+16+10=35
No
Avg. time Spent 0-10
10+5+4= 19
11-19
11+9+8=28
20+
3+2+4=9
Upstairs Yes
27+18+20=
65
No
Pack, Clothes, Outdoor Gear, All Pack
1
Clothes
9+6=15
Outdoor
Gear
2
Multiple
14+32+19=65
Approached by Salespeople Yes
4+6+5=15
No
19
Do customers seek help? Yes
20+13=33
No
4
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Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Pick up Packs or look Pick up/touch
42+12+9=63
Look
8+11=19
Group,
single, family
Group
24+30+12= 66
Single
2+4+12=18
Family
22+36+14=
72
30. Cory’s Observations (added up for number of times observed)
Which direction did
customers go when
entering store?
Left
11+9+10=
30
Right
11+10+12=
32
Straight
5+7+9=21
32
Purchase? Yes
8+7+9= 24
No
Avg. time Spent 0-10
10+10+13=
33
11-15
9+8+10=
27
20+
5+3+7+ 15
Upstairs Yes
13+ 12+
15=
40
No
Pack, Clothes,
Outdoor Gear, All
Pack
13+ 12+
10=
35
Clothes
12+ 9+ 10
31
Outdoor Gear
5+ 8+ 7= 20
Multiple
13+12+14=
39
Sale items
16+18+20=
54
Approached by
Salespeople
Yes
5+6+5
= 16
No NOTE**
Sales staff did not
greet customers as
they entered the store
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31. 31Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Do customers seek help? Yes
2+3+5=
10
No
26
Pick up Packs or look Pick up/touch
18+20+25= 63
Look
8+11=19
5+ 6+8= 19
Group,
single, family
Group
15+14+12= 40
Single
10+ 5+ 6= 21
Family
9+ 8+ 12= 29
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32. 32Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Kannetha’s Observations (added up for number of times observed)
Which direction did
customers go when
entering store?
Left
11
Right
41
Straight
21
*NOTE: Many customers are walking into
different directions due to layout of the
store—so many different walkways 41
Purchase? Yes
19
No
I
Avg. time Spent 0-10
12
11-19
10
20+
2
Upstairs Yes
ALL
No
Pack, Clothes, Outdoor
Gear, All
Pack
9
Clothes
6
Outdoor
Gear
6
Multiple
6
Approached by
Salespeople
Yes
21
No
5
32
33. 33Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Do customers seek help? Yes
19
No
13
40
Pick up Packs or look Pick up/touch
24
Look
8
Group,
single, family
Group
3
Single
2
Family
22
Couple
17
33
34. 34Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
APPENDIX 2
Manager Interview Notes
Who is buying the product?
Business professionals and college students
What is the average age of customers?
Middle-aged men and women, 40-60 years old
College students, 20-24 years old
How do customers perceive themselves?
Outdoor enthusiast, professional, busy
Why do people decide to visit Duluth Pack?
Cabin-like, homey, and it is the only store in the world
Why do customers purchase Duluth Packs?
They are an investment and seen as a status symbol
What is the typical customer profile?
Four-year degree, nice job, hard worker. Different for different stores for example: Urban outfitters attracts
hipsters. Not typically people who are on their way to camp.
How much of sales come from clothing?
The majority, clothing takes up 70% of the store
When can we call Kyle?
Anytime!
Are Duluth Packs sold in any stores besides the one in Canal Park?
Yes they are sold in Korea, Barneys in New York, Urban outfitters, and China.
Is every pack handmade?
Yes, they are all made in America except for canvas, which is made in India due to a military restriction.
Do customers typically purchase more than one Duluth Pack?
Yes, once they have one they want another. We create different styles to keep customers coming back.
Can packs be custom made?
Packs can be custom made and you can even put your own corporate logo on the packs!
How would you describe the layout?
Not very good. Channeling customers is not a focus of the store. Horrible flow and chopped. Upstairs not
attractive.
Which packs are more fashion oriented?
The shell bags are more of a fashion line, we are coming out with neon ones soon.
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35. 35Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Are Duluth Packs advertised?
They have been in Men’s Journal and Good Housekeeping. They are endorsed and used by several bands
including My Chemical Romance.
What do you want to improve in the store?
Re-merchandising
Has management changed recently?
Yes, seven years ago Duluth Pack was purchased and the brand was re-built
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36. 36Spring 2013 Duluth Pack
Citations
1. Underhill, P. Why we buy: The science of shopping. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, Inc., 1999.
Print.
2. Babin, B. J., and E. Harris. CB2 . 2nd ed. Mason, OH: South-Western Pub, 2010. Print.
3.Cialdini, R. (2001). Influence science and practice. (fifth ed.). Boston: Pearson Education Inc.
A special thanks to Alicia, Kyle, and all of the Duluth Pack employees. Thank you for being
there to answer questions and for allowing us to use your store for our consumer behavior
project. We really appreciate it!
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