This document contains confidential information for Dhaka Tobacco Industries regarding their tobacco processing facilities and quality control specifications. It includes details on equipment used for green leaf processing, threshing, blending, cutting, drying, and packaging. Charts list targets and tolerances for characteristics like moisture, particle size, stems, and nicotine content for different tobacco grades during processing.
This document provides an overview of melt flow testing based on ISO 1133 and ASTM D1238 standards. Melt flow testing measures the mass or volume of melted polymer that flows through a die in 10 minutes at a specified temperature. It is commonly used for quality control of thermoplastics to verify materials, check quality, compare new materials, and predict polymer processing behavior. Key factors that can influence melt flow results include temperature accuracy and stability, sample preparation and moisture content, compaction method, density value used, manual test operations, die and piston maintenance, and cleaning procedures.
POWER TRANSFORMER INSULATION REVITALIZATIONDejan Pantić
Depth purifying and drying of solid insulation ON LOAD
Transformer oil reclamation / regeneration
On-site On-load On-line
No oil vacuuming, no oil heating
Melt Flow Index Tester, Melt Flow Index Tester Manufacturers and Suppliers In...Presto Group
Looking for Melt Flow Index Tester manufacturers, Melt Flow Index Tester suppliers, Melt Flow Index Tester producers, Melt Flow Index Tester exporters, Melt Flow Index Tester wholesalers, Melt Flow Index Tester production centers ? Browse PrestoGroup.com for all your testing instruments needs. For more information visit- http://www.prestogroup.com/plastic-testing-instruments/melt-flow-index-deluxe
The document discusses the role of laboratories in the petroleum industry. It outlines how laboratories ensure quality control through routine testing of raw materials, process streams, and finished products. This includes testing properties like density, salt content, water content, viscosity, sulfur content, and metals content. Laboratories also perform troubleshooting, process optimization, and product certification activities. Their work is important for monitoring performance, ensuring product specifications are met, and solving quality problems.
This document provides an industry standard test method for preconditioning packaged semiconductor devices to simulate typical industry reflow operations. It involves subjecting samples to multiple reflow cycles using specified temperature profiles, as well as moisture absorption and desorption steps. This preconditioning is intended to emulate real-world soldering processes and evaluate any potential reliability impacts before devices undergo further reliability testing. The procedure outlines the required test equipment, environmental conditions, inspection steps, and both preconditioning and post-conditioning electrical tests. Following this process aims to characterize devices and qualify them as reliable under multiple reflow and moisture exposure scenarios.
The document is a test report that assesses the biodegradability of a PLA bullet sample according to international standards. It includes:
1) A picture and description of the test sample being assessed.
2) Details of the controlled aerobic composting test conducted, including experimental set up, measurements taken, and results showing the sample met the biodegradation requirements.
3) Tables and graphs presenting properties of the compost used, carbon dioxide production levels during the test, and biodegradation rates of the sample reaching over 90% within the test period.
This document provides an overview of melt flow testing based on ISO 1133 and ASTM D1238 standards. Melt flow testing measures the mass or volume of melted polymer that flows through a die in 10 minutes at a specified temperature. It is commonly used for quality control of thermoplastics to verify materials, check quality, compare new materials, and predict polymer processing behavior. Key factors that can influence melt flow results include temperature accuracy and stability, sample preparation and moisture content, compaction method, density value used, manual test operations, die and piston maintenance, and cleaning procedures.
POWER TRANSFORMER INSULATION REVITALIZATIONDejan Pantić
Depth purifying and drying of solid insulation ON LOAD
Transformer oil reclamation / regeneration
On-site On-load On-line
No oil vacuuming, no oil heating
Melt Flow Index Tester, Melt Flow Index Tester Manufacturers and Suppliers In...Presto Group
Looking for Melt Flow Index Tester manufacturers, Melt Flow Index Tester suppliers, Melt Flow Index Tester producers, Melt Flow Index Tester exporters, Melt Flow Index Tester wholesalers, Melt Flow Index Tester production centers ? Browse PrestoGroup.com for all your testing instruments needs. For more information visit- http://www.prestogroup.com/plastic-testing-instruments/melt-flow-index-deluxe
The document discusses the role of laboratories in the petroleum industry. It outlines how laboratories ensure quality control through routine testing of raw materials, process streams, and finished products. This includes testing properties like density, salt content, water content, viscosity, sulfur content, and metals content. Laboratories also perform troubleshooting, process optimization, and product certification activities. Their work is important for monitoring performance, ensuring product specifications are met, and solving quality problems.
This document provides an industry standard test method for preconditioning packaged semiconductor devices to simulate typical industry reflow operations. It involves subjecting samples to multiple reflow cycles using specified temperature profiles, as well as moisture absorption and desorption steps. This preconditioning is intended to emulate real-world soldering processes and evaluate any potential reliability impacts before devices undergo further reliability testing. The procedure outlines the required test equipment, environmental conditions, inspection steps, and both preconditioning and post-conditioning electrical tests. Following this process aims to characterize devices and qualify them as reliable under multiple reflow and moisture exposure scenarios.
The document is a test report that assesses the biodegradability of a PLA bullet sample according to international standards. It includes:
1) A picture and description of the test sample being assessed.
2) Details of the controlled aerobic composting test conducted, including experimental set up, measurements taken, and results showing the sample met the biodegradation requirements.
3) Tables and graphs presenting properties of the compost used, carbon dioxide production levels during the test, and biodegradation rates of the sample reaching over 90% within the test period.
The document discusses viscosity standards for calibrating viscometers and rheometers. It provides tables of silicone and oil-based viscosity standards across a range of nominal viscosities from 5 cP to 420,000 cP. The standards are calibrated to ±1% accuracy and can be used to verify calibration of instruments like Brookfield and CAP series viscometers and R/S rheometers. Custom viscosity standards and temperature calibrations are also available upon request.
The document summarizes the mass and energy balance of a ball mill plant. It provides inputs and outputs of the mill including raw feed, separator rejections, power, and discharge. It also lists dimensions of the mill such as diameter, length, and absorbed power. Gas flow measurements were taken of the mill sweep including velocity, mass flow, and standard gas flow calculations.
The document discusses melt flow index (MFI) testing for polymers. MFI is a measure of how easily a melted polymer flows and is determined by measuring the mass of polymer that flows through a capillary die over 10 minutes under a standard weight at a set temperature. Higher MFI means better flow properties. The document outlines the components of a melt flow indexer including the barrel for heating pellets, heaters to control temperature, a piston that applies weight, a precisely machined orifice or die, and calibrated weights. Factors that influence polymer MFI are also discussed such as molecular weight, comonomers, branching, and crystallinity.
Reliability Test Qualification For Integred Circuit CH §Shen
This is to prepare training course material for new onboard fellow workers who interest in reliability analysis technique of semiconductor IC. Some irrelevant parameters, names, dates, and details have been removed for better understanding and focus on key considerations.In this report, a lot of attention is given to internal qualification than RA Lab operations. In this report, I put crucial points to remind myside during the time I have ever working alone and supports from third party laboratories and test program compilers.
Sandvik Materials Technology conducted qualification tests on Sandvik Sanicro 28 (UNS N08028) alloy to evaluate its performance in sour gas well applications. Specimens of the alloy in cold worked and non-annealed condition were exposed to simulated sour gas conditions for 720 hours. The conditions included a temperature of 150°C, H2S partial pressure of 5.5 bar, CO2 partial pressure of 41 bar, and chlorides of 75,000 mg/l. After exposure, microscopic examination found no cracks in any of the U-bend or tensile specimens, confirming the alloy's suitability for use in the specified sour gas environment. Previous literature studies and laboratory tests on the alloy also indicated it should provide
The document discusses various tests that are conducted on transformer oil to monitor its condition and extend the service life of transformers. It describes tests such as moisture content, breakdown voltage, resistivity, tan delta, dissolved gas analysis, furan analysis and other tests. The results of these tests are compared to limit values specified in standards to determine if the oil and transformer are healthy or require actions like drying, filtration or oil replacement. The color of oil is also used to indicate its quality from good to extremely bad. Degree of polymerization testing and solid insulation conditions are other aspects covered in the document.
Pb-Free Reflow, PCB Degradation, and the Influence of Moisture AbsorptionCheryl Tulkoff
Increasing number of companies reporting cracking and delamination of printed circuit boards
–Predominantly under Pb-free reflow but some under SnPb reflow conditions
Several telecom and enterprise OEMs are reporting PCB robustness is their primary concern regarding Pb-free reliability
Cracking or delamination during reflow is a stress vs. strength phenomenon
–Either the environmental stress was higher than expected or the material strength was lower than expected
The document provides information about FJM Cylinders Pvt. Ltd., a joint venture between Indian and Italian companies. It summarizes the company's manufacturing processes for compressed natural gas cylinders in 3 sentences:
FJM Cylinders manufactures CNG cylinders through a process that involves cutting steel tubes, heating and bending tube ends through induction heating and spinning, heat treatment including hardening and tempering, and testing including hydrostatic stretch tests to check for leaks or flaws. The company uses automation and technologies from its Italian partner Faber to produce cylinders according to specifications for dimensions, hardness levels, and passing pressure testing requirements.
The document discusses Superpave asphalt binder specifications. It provides sources of information on Superpave specifications and describes how the performance grade specification system works based on climate. The performance grade takes into account the average 7-day maximum pavement temperature and the 1-day minimum pavement temperature. It then outlines how the Superpave specification addresses key distresses like permanent deformation, fatigue cracking, and low temperature cracking through test requirements on properties like stiffness and viscosity.
The presentation was on final year design project, "Production of LPG from NGLs and condensate". It includes process selection, establishing a flow diagram for the selected process, the sizing of main equipments, detailed design of four Major equipments along with P & ID control for the systems and finally the economic evaluation was conducted to check the feasibility of the process. The final product composition of LPG was simulated using Aspen HYSYS and found to be 49% Propane and 21% butane.
The DG-105 cation conductivity degasser removes dissolved gases from water samples to obtain an accurate measurement of conductivity. It subjects samples to boiling and cooling to degas them before measuring conductivity, which is important for monitoring boiler water. The compact device integrates all necessary components for degasification and conductivity measurement according to industry standards.
Huntsman Advanced Materials is a leading global supplier of high-performance polymer systems. They serve markets including aerospace/defense, electrical engineering, electronics, and more. For over 50 years, they have supplied insulating thermoset materials for electrical applications like motors, generators, and switchgears. Their epoxy and polyurethane products are VOC-free and offer an environmentally safer alternative to solvent-borne systems. Huntsman is committed to supporting regulations like REACH and developing more sustainable chemistries.
The document summarizes the results of plasma vitrification trials conducted on surrogate intermediate level radioactive waste. The trials demonstrated over 95% retention of cesium in the vitrified wasteform and over 60% volume reduction. Flexibility in treating different waste streams was shown, along with the potential for increased storage efficiency through process modifications. The technology was demonstrated at a pilot plant scale and has generated interest from UK nuclear industry organizations.
This document describes a procedure for measuring the melt flow index (MFI) of various polymer samples using an extrusion plastometer. The MFI is a measure of viscosity and molecular weight, with higher MFI indicating lower viscosity and molecular weight. Samples of polystyrene, ABS, and three grades of polypropylene are tested under different temperature and load conditions. The procedure involves heating samples in the plastometer, applying a load to extrude the melt, and weighing extrudate collected over time to calculate the MFI. Questions address trends in MFI values and how properties vary between polymers and polymer grades.
The document describes a condensate fractionation unit (CFU) that processes sour condensate in multiple stages. It includes:
- A two-stage fractionation process using a stripper column and LPG column to separate the condensate into natural gas liquids (NGL), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and off-gas.
- Tables providing processing capacities, stream compositions and properties at different stages, and product specifications.
- Piping and instrumentation diagrams showing the flow of streams between major equipment like columns, drums, pumps, heat exchangers, and a caustic wash unit used to sweeten the LPG.
The document provides an overview of topics related to improving boiler performance and extending boiler life. It discusses boiler design considerations for Indian coals, including conservative furnace heat loadings and plain tube arrangements. It also covers life assessment of boilers, combustion optimization measures like minimum flue gas temperature and excess air, and operation and maintenance topics such as valve fundamentals and safety relief valves. Case studies on clinkering buildup issues and questions from attendees are also included.
Isothermal Methanol Converter (IMC) UA Distribution AnalysisGerard B. Hawkins
Isothermal Methanol Converter (IMC) UA Distribution Analysis - Case Study: #0630416GB/H; ACME Co. 9,000 MTD MeOH
This converter uses plates instead of tubes to remove the heat from the reaction gas. The use of the plates and the orientation allow the heat transfer within the converter to be more accurately controlled to follow the maximum rate line.
This case study examines the Radial Flow – Isothermal Methanol Converter (IMC) for ACME Co. 9,000 MTD, based on the Casale Isothermal Methanol Converter (IMC) design.
CatFT(r) Fischer-Tropsch Process presentationThomas Holcombe
The document describes a new Fischer-Tropsch process called CatFT that addresses previous challenges. It involves coating catalyst onto thin fins for tight temperature control and scalability. Pilot testing showed promising results with high catalyst productivity. Estimates indicate a 100 BPD CatFT plant could be profitable with an IRR over 30% due to lower capital costs compared to conventional designs. The novel design offers advantages for small-scale applications.
Target Scientific Laboratory Pvt. Ltd is an ISO 17025:2005 accredited laboratory from PNAC, Our lab ID is 109.
Furthermore, we're one and only laboratory in Pakistan which has accreditation of ISO 17025 in transformer oil testing and as well as in private sector only we are OGRA licensed laboratory in PAKISTAN.
This document summarizes a student group project on hydrocracking of heavy gas oil. It includes:
- An introduction to hydrocracking and its applications.
- Diagrams of single-stage and double-stage hydrocracking process schemes with recycling.
- Material and energy balances for a hydrocracking process.
- Design calculations and specifications for process equipment like heat exchangers, furnaces, pumps, and separators.
The document discusses viscosity standards for calibrating viscometers and rheometers. It provides tables of silicone and oil-based viscosity standards across a range of nominal viscosities from 5 cP to 420,000 cP. The standards are calibrated to ±1% accuracy and can be used to verify calibration of instruments like Brookfield and CAP series viscometers and R/S rheometers. Custom viscosity standards and temperature calibrations are also available upon request.
The document summarizes the mass and energy balance of a ball mill plant. It provides inputs and outputs of the mill including raw feed, separator rejections, power, and discharge. It also lists dimensions of the mill such as diameter, length, and absorbed power. Gas flow measurements were taken of the mill sweep including velocity, mass flow, and standard gas flow calculations.
The document discusses melt flow index (MFI) testing for polymers. MFI is a measure of how easily a melted polymer flows and is determined by measuring the mass of polymer that flows through a capillary die over 10 minutes under a standard weight at a set temperature. Higher MFI means better flow properties. The document outlines the components of a melt flow indexer including the barrel for heating pellets, heaters to control temperature, a piston that applies weight, a precisely machined orifice or die, and calibrated weights. Factors that influence polymer MFI are also discussed such as molecular weight, comonomers, branching, and crystallinity.
Reliability Test Qualification For Integred Circuit CH §Shen
This is to prepare training course material for new onboard fellow workers who interest in reliability analysis technique of semiconductor IC. Some irrelevant parameters, names, dates, and details have been removed for better understanding and focus on key considerations.In this report, a lot of attention is given to internal qualification than RA Lab operations. In this report, I put crucial points to remind myside during the time I have ever working alone and supports from third party laboratories and test program compilers.
Sandvik Materials Technology conducted qualification tests on Sandvik Sanicro 28 (UNS N08028) alloy to evaluate its performance in sour gas well applications. Specimens of the alloy in cold worked and non-annealed condition were exposed to simulated sour gas conditions for 720 hours. The conditions included a temperature of 150°C, H2S partial pressure of 5.5 bar, CO2 partial pressure of 41 bar, and chlorides of 75,000 mg/l. After exposure, microscopic examination found no cracks in any of the U-bend or tensile specimens, confirming the alloy's suitability for use in the specified sour gas environment. Previous literature studies and laboratory tests on the alloy also indicated it should provide
The document discusses various tests that are conducted on transformer oil to monitor its condition and extend the service life of transformers. It describes tests such as moisture content, breakdown voltage, resistivity, tan delta, dissolved gas analysis, furan analysis and other tests. The results of these tests are compared to limit values specified in standards to determine if the oil and transformer are healthy or require actions like drying, filtration or oil replacement. The color of oil is also used to indicate its quality from good to extremely bad. Degree of polymerization testing and solid insulation conditions are other aspects covered in the document.
Pb-Free Reflow, PCB Degradation, and the Influence of Moisture AbsorptionCheryl Tulkoff
Increasing number of companies reporting cracking and delamination of printed circuit boards
–Predominantly under Pb-free reflow but some under SnPb reflow conditions
Several telecom and enterprise OEMs are reporting PCB robustness is their primary concern regarding Pb-free reliability
Cracking or delamination during reflow is a stress vs. strength phenomenon
–Either the environmental stress was higher than expected or the material strength was lower than expected
The document provides information about FJM Cylinders Pvt. Ltd., a joint venture between Indian and Italian companies. It summarizes the company's manufacturing processes for compressed natural gas cylinders in 3 sentences:
FJM Cylinders manufactures CNG cylinders through a process that involves cutting steel tubes, heating and bending tube ends through induction heating and spinning, heat treatment including hardening and tempering, and testing including hydrostatic stretch tests to check for leaks or flaws. The company uses automation and technologies from its Italian partner Faber to produce cylinders according to specifications for dimensions, hardness levels, and passing pressure testing requirements.
The document discusses Superpave asphalt binder specifications. It provides sources of information on Superpave specifications and describes how the performance grade specification system works based on climate. The performance grade takes into account the average 7-day maximum pavement temperature and the 1-day minimum pavement temperature. It then outlines how the Superpave specification addresses key distresses like permanent deformation, fatigue cracking, and low temperature cracking through test requirements on properties like stiffness and viscosity.
The presentation was on final year design project, "Production of LPG from NGLs and condensate". It includes process selection, establishing a flow diagram for the selected process, the sizing of main equipments, detailed design of four Major equipments along with P & ID control for the systems and finally the economic evaluation was conducted to check the feasibility of the process. The final product composition of LPG was simulated using Aspen HYSYS and found to be 49% Propane and 21% butane.
The DG-105 cation conductivity degasser removes dissolved gases from water samples to obtain an accurate measurement of conductivity. It subjects samples to boiling and cooling to degas them before measuring conductivity, which is important for monitoring boiler water. The compact device integrates all necessary components for degasification and conductivity measurement according to industry standards.
Huntsman Advanced Materials is a leading global supplier of high-performance polymer systems. They serve markets including aerospace/defense, electrical engineering, electronics, and more. For over 50 years, they have supplied insulating thermoset materials for electrical applications like motors, generators, and switchgears. Their epoxy and polyurethane products are VOC-free and offer an environmentally safer alternative to solvent-borne systems. Huntsman is committed to supporting regulations like REACH and developing more sustainable chemistries.
The document summarizes the results of plasma vitrification trials conducted on surrogate intermediate level radioactive waste. The trials demonstrated over 95% retention of cesium in the vitrified wasteform and over 60% volume reduction. Flexibility in treating different waste streams was shown, along with the potential for increased storage efficiency through process modifications. The technology was demonstrated at a pilot plant scale and has generated interest from UK nuclear industry organizations.
This document describes a procedure for measuring the melt flow index (MFI) of various polymer samples using an extrusion plastometer. The MFI is a measure of viscosity and molecular weight, with higher MFI indicating lower viscosity and molecular weight. Samples of polystyrene, ABS, and three grades of polypropylene are tested under different temperature and load conditions. The procedure involves heating samples in the plastometer, applying a load to extrude the melt, and weighing extrudate collected over time to calculate the MFI. Questions address trends in MFI values and how properties vary between polymers and polymer grades.
The document describes a condensate fractionation unit (CFU) that processes sour condensate in multiple stages. It includes:
- A two-stage fractionation process using a stripper column and LPG column to separate the condensate into natural gas liquids (NGL), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and off-gas.
- Tables providing processing capacities, stream compositions and properties at different stages, and product specifications.
- Piping and instrumentation diagrams showing the flow of streams between major equipment like columns, drums, pumps, heat exchangers, and a caustic wash unit used to sweeten the LPG.
The document provides an overview of topics related to improving boiler performance and extending boiler life. It discusses boiler design considerations for Indian coals, including conservative furnace heat loadings and plain tube arrangements. It also covers life assessment of boilers, combustion optimization measures like minimum flue gas temperature and excess air, and operation and maintenance topics such as valve fundamentals and safety relief valves. Case studies on clinkering buildup issues and questions from attendees are also included.
Isothermal Methanol Converter (IMC) UA Distribution AnalysisGerard B. Hawkins
Isothermal Methanol Converter (IMC) UA Distribution Analysis - Case Study: #0630416GB/H; ACME Co. 9,000 MTD MeOH
This converter uses plates instead of tubes to remove the heat from the reaction gas. The use of the plates and the orientation allow the heat transfer within the converter to be more accurately controlled to follow the maximum rate line.
This case study examines the Radial Flow – Isothermal Methanol Converter (IMC) for ACME Co. 9,000 MTD, based on the Casale Isothermal Methanol Converter (IMC) design.
CatFT(r) Fischer-Tropsch Process presentationThomas Holcombe
The document describes a new Fischer-Tropsch process called CatFT that addresses previous challenges. It involves coating catalyst onto thin fins for tight temperature control and scalability. Pilot testing showed promising results with high catalyst productivity. Estimates indicate a 100 BPD CatFT plant could be profitable with an IRR over 30% due to lower capital costs compared to conventional designs. The novel design offers advantages for small-scale applications.
Target Scientific Laboratory Pvt. Ltd is an ISO 17025:2005 accredited laboratory from PNAC, Our lab ID is 109.
Furthermore, we're one and only laboratory in Pakistan which has accreditation of ISO 17025 in transformer oil testing and as well as in private sector only we are OGRA licensed laboratory in PAKISTAN.
This document summarizes a student group project on hydrocracking of heavy gas oil. It includes:
- An introduction to hydrocracking and its applications.
- Diagrams of single-stage and double-stage hydrocracking process schemes with recycling.
- Material and energy balances for a hydrocracking process.
- Design calculations and specifications for process equipment like heat exchangers, furnaces, pumps, and separators.
The document describes research on extracting EPA/DHA from fish oil using a mini-fluidic reactor and comparing it to a batch reactor. Key findings include:
- The mini-fluidic reactor reached equilibrium concentration at 10°C in less than 36 seconds, while the batch reactor took over 15 minutes. Both systems extracted over 75% of omega-3 fatty acids from the fish oil feedstock.
- Flow patterns in the mini-fluidic reactor deviated from the expected slug flow due to the properties of the actual fish oil and silver nitrate solutions used.
- Hydrodynamic studies showed stratified flow occurred rather than slug flow, indicating practical fish oil processing with silver nitrate may require handling stratified flows
This document summarizes a thesis presentation on mini-fluidic solvent extraction of EPA/DHA from fish oil using silver. Key points include:
1) EPA/DHA yields above 75% were achieved in both a mini-fluidic reactor and stirred tank reactor, exceeding capabilities of current extraction methods.
2) Flow patterns in mini-channels with fish oil and silver nitrate differed from previous studies using synthetic systems and required handling stratified flow.
3) A conceptual continuous process design was presented for industrial-scale extraction with an estimated capital cost of $14.5 million for a 10 ton/day facility.
- The document discusses Mayekawa Mfg. Co., Ltd.'s NH3/CO2 refrigeration system called "NewTon". It aims to provide energy conservation and comply with environmental regulations by using natural refrigerants.
- NewTon uses a prefabricated package for the NH3 refrigeration cycle that is tested and assembled in the factory prior to shipping. This allows for quicker onsite installation and minimizes NH3 charge.
- Performance data shows NewTon provides significant power reductions of 19-41% compared to previous HCFC-22 systems in various cold storage applications. It also has higher energy efficiency factors compared to HCFC-22 freezer systems.
GBH Enterprises specializes in catalyst and process technology for refining, gas processing, and petrochemical industries. They provide catalyst performance evaluation, heat and mass balance analysis, and commercialization of new technologies. The document describes two case studies of olefin hydrogenation using Vulcan catalysts. Both cases require a recycle stream to control exotherms. The results show the reactor sizing and operating parameters needed to meet a 5-year minimum catalyst life for both cases.
Determination of Carbon Dioxide, Ethane And Nitrogen in Natural Gas by Gas C...Gerard B. Hawkins
Determination of Carbon Dioxide, Ethane
And Nitrogen in Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography
1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION
This document is a method for the determination of carbon dioxide, ethane and nitrogen in natural gas in the range 0-10% v/v.
2 PRINCIPLE
The gas sample will be injected automatically by a ten port valve onto the poraplot U column. The nitrogen will elute first and be switched to the mole sieve column. The mole sieve column will be isolated and the poraplot column will elute the carbon dioxide and ethane via a restrictor column to the detector. After the elution of the carbon dioxide and ethane the poraplot column will be back flushed. Then the nitrogen will be allowed to elute from the mole sieve column (see figure 1.) ...
The document provides an overview of an industrial attachment at Robintex (Bangladesh) Ltd, a composite knitwear company. It summarizes Robintex's operations including its production capacity and products, dyeing and finishing processes, quality control procedures, utilities and effluent treatment plant. Key details include Robintex's 7,500 employees, 8640 ton annual dyeing production capacity, 22 dyeing machines, quality testing for physical and chemical properties, and an on-site chemical effluent treatment plant.
This Lean Six Sigma project aims to reduce the specific steam consumption in the MUW plant from 1.40 Gcal/MT to 1.34 Gcal/MT. The project scope covers steam consumption for MUW 1&2, 3 and 4. Data will be collected daily and every shift by shift engineers over a 7 month period from April 2015 to October 2015. Metrics like steam flow, brine concentration, vacuum levels, temperatures and production data will be measured. The data will be used to analyze the current process and identify improvement opportunities to reduce steam consumption.
Evaluation of CO2 Storage Capacity and EOR in the Bakken Shale Oil ReservoirsHamid Lashgari
This paper presents a new perspective in modeling and analyzing efficiency of CO2 and miscible gas injection for potential enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and CO2 storage in shale oil plays. Our major focuses are conceptual and fundamental understanding of the dominant trapping and oil recovery mechanisms behind miscible gas injection. The efficiency of the CO2 Huff-n-Puff process in shale oil production has been widely investigated in recent years because of the ultra-low permeability (1 to 100 µD) of shale oil reservoirs and poor geological connectivity between hydraulic fractured wells. Here we used hydrocarbon fluid properties of a Middle Bakken tight oil reservoir, and considered a wide range of permeability (from 1 to 100µD) and isotherm adsorption properties for CO2 and CH4. A large scale numerical model was set up to simulate and capture the important mechanisms behind various miscible gas injection scenarios.
Simulation results reveal that CO2 adsorption and CH4 desorption along with molecular diffusion of hydrocarbon components are crucial in the presence of organic matter content and pores, however, recycle enriched gas injection demonstrated a high oil recovery compared to miscible CO2 injection. Although CO2 adsorption is large in organic rich shale oil based on literature measurements, CO2 efficiency in enhancing oil recovery is not as much as recycle enriched gas with ethane (C2). However, CO2 trapping may be substantial due to adsorption (5.0% to 10%) and other conventional trapping mechanisms, and the amount of CO2 trapped could be a significant fraction of the total injected amount (25% to 50% considering other trapping mechanisms such as CO¬2 dissolution, residual, and free gas). Simulation results strongly support that CO2 molecular diffusion can assist in the deep penetration of CO2 to touch larger surface area of matrix to become adsorbed, as well as dissolved in other coexisting phases and residual trapping.
• Investigated and demonstrated a technically feasible synthesis methodology for Hydrochloric Acid
• Proposed economically feasible solution t=related to designing of Hydrochloric Acid synthesis unit
• Estimated Economic Capacity, Project Cost, and Profitability Projections based on given inputs.
The document proposes a concept for purifying monoclonal antibody protein (MabP) using a biotech plant. Key aspects of the concept include:
1) The process uses various equipment like harvest tanks, centrifuges, filters, chromatography columns, and ultrafiltration to purify 60% of the MabP from whole cell broth in 31.7 hours per batch.
2) A plant layout places the equipment within the purification hall in a way that optimizes space and minimizes piping while meeting the batch time requirement.
3) An economic analysis estimates the breakeven selling price of the purified MabP would be $19,830/kg to recoup the $20.065 million
Changing Best Practices in Flue Gas AnalysisYokogawa1
Zirconium Oxide and Catalytic Bead sensor based analyzers have been the primary means of flue gas analysis for control and safety. The recently published API-556 has highlighted several considerations when using these technologies that were not commonly known throughout the industry. This webinar will explain the theory of operation of tunable diode laser spectrometers and the application thereof to gas fired reformers, boilers, & heaters as a layer of protection during startup and efficiency diagnostic during operation.
During this webinar recording, you will learn:
-What is the purpose of flue gas?
-The evolution of flue gas Analyzers
-Industry standards and recommended practices on the application of different types of instruments
Veolia provides on-site processing of refinery wastes for injection into delayed cokers. This improves environmental performance by recycling wastes and reduces costs by avoiding disposal fees. Wastes such as sludges are centrifuged to remove oil and water, with the remaining cake processed two ways. Cake can be blended into an aqueous slurry and injected into coker quench lines, or dried and blended into a higher solids feed-side slurry for coker injection. Feed-side injection improves economics by reducing waste volume and allows greater solids loading than quench injection. Case studies demonstrate cost savings of $1-2 million annually for refineries through on-site waste recycling via coker injection
This document provides information on parameters for condition monitoring of transformer oil, including tests to assess oil degradation. Key parameters to check include flash point, dielectric dissipation factor, specific resistance, moisture content, sludge percentage, breakdown voltage, and dissolved gas analysis. Tests like interfacial tension, neutralization number, and acidity help indicate chemical deterioration in the oil. Guidelines are provided on maintenance of test records and interpretation of test results to determine if the oil is suitable for continued use, requires reconditioning, or needs replacement.
2. Dhaka Tobacco Industries- confidential information - For internal purposes only
Testing Facilities
Humid Condition
Oven Volatile
Sieve Analysis
Tobacco Filling Power
Binder, Germany
Binder, Germany
USA
Borgwoldt, Germany
3. Dhaka Tobacco Industries- confidential information - For internal purposes only
Green Leaf Processing on GLT
Ageing for GLT Go-down
1 month lamina stock on DTI go-
down control by QA as
requirement of blend recipe
1 day lamina stock on PMD floor
as requirement of blend recipe
PMD QA work chart
Pre inspection by QA personnel
every bale checking
Pre inspection by QA personnel
every bale checking
PMD QA Flow Chart
4. Dhaka Tobacco Industries- confidential information - For internal purposes only
Issued to bale laydown
as per recipe on bale
slicer
Conditioning
Cutting
Dryer
Cut Filler Silo
Flavoring
Slice width check, NTRM check
1. Ensure casing application rate
2. Moisture check & control
3. Temperature check & control
1. Ensure cutting width
2. Moisture monitoring& control
1.CCV
2. Moisture monitoring& control
3. Temperature control
4. Sieve analysis
1.CCV
2. Moisture measurement
3. Temperature control
4. Sieve analysis
CRES RS
7. Dhaka Tobacco Industries- confidential information - For internal purposes only
Leaf Quality
Scale Low Middle Top
Stalk
Position
Tips
KCBTLeaf
KBC
Cutters
KXCP
Lugs
Primings
Grade Quality Positioning Grid Diagram
8. Dhaka Tobacco Industries- confidential information - For internal purposes only
Leaf Quality
Scale Low Middle Top
Stalk
Position
Tips
SCBTLeaf
NLS
Cutters
SXCP
Lugs
Primings
Grade Quality Positioning Grid Diagram
9. Dhaka Tobacco Industries- confidential information - For internal purposes only
Targets and Typical Values Param. Type Unit Target
Tolerances Lower
Upper
Setting Remarks
Slicer
Blended Lamina kg kg 7,400.0 7400.0 37 cases
% OV % % 12.0 12.0
Flowrate kg/hr kg/hr 7000.0 7000.0
Number of slice per bale Pcs Pcs 3.0 3.00 3.0 3.0
DCCC Line
Flowrate kg/hr kg/hr 7,000.0 7000.0 12.0 % OV
Processing time minutes Minutes 63.43
Temperature Exit DCCC Temp. Spec. °C 65.0 60.0 70.0 65.0 65-70%valve open.
Oven Volatiles Exit DCCC OV T.V. % 22.00 21.00 22.0 22.0
Water flowrate Lt/hr lt/hr 700.00 520.0 In display
Casing temperature Temp. Spec. °C 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 1)
Casing Application Rate Rate Spec. kg/kg tob 0.0482 0.0477 0.0487 19.0 % OV
Casing Application Rate Rate lt/kg tob 0.0401 0.0397 0.0405 19.0 % OV
Casing Application Rate Rate kg/kg tob 0.0524 0.0518 0.0529 12.0 % OV
Casing Application Rate Rate lt/kg tob 0.0800 0.0792 0.0808 12.0 % OV
Casing application flow rate Rate kg/hr 366.52 362.85 370.19 12.0 % OV
Casing Application Rate Rate lt/hr 560.00 554.40 565.60 320.00 12.0 % OV
Total casing required kg kg 387.46 383.59 391.34
Total casing required lt lt 592.00 586.08 597.92
Casing specific gravity Spec. kg/lt 1.2028 1.1978 1.2078 @ 25/25 o
C
Residen time in the total blend silos hours Spec. hours 1.00 0.50 2)
Total tobacco in the silos kg kg 8348.7
Cutting - Drying
Flowrate kg/hr kg/hr 8,348.7 10000 12.0 % OV
Processing time minutes Minutes 59.24
Oven Volatiles Exit Total Strip Blend Silo OV T.V. % 21.0 21.0 22.0
Temperature Exit Cutter Temp. T.V. °C 35 30 40
Oven Volatiles Exit Cutter OV Spec. % 20.5 20.0 21.0
Cut Width CW Spec. mm 0.90 0.85 1.0 0.9
Cut Width CW Spec. cut/inch 28 30 27 28
Temperature Exit Dryer Temp. Spec. °C 60 55 65
Oven Volatiles Exit Dryer OV T.V. % 13.8 13.3 14.3 13.8
Master weigher flowrate kg/hr kg/hr 7,699.8 13.8 % OV
Total tobacco exit dryer kg kg 7602.3 7601.8 7602.8 13.8 % OV
PMD Process Parameter
10. Dhaka Tobacco Industries- confidential information - For internal purposes only
Add-back Line
Stem Add-back Rate Rate Spec. kg/kg 0.2702 0.2675 0.2729 0.0 % OV
Stem Add-back Rate Rate kg/kg 0.2677 0.2650 0.2704 wet
Stem OV at Add-Back Point OV % 13.0 12.5 13.5
Stem Add-back flow rate Rate kg/hr 1793.4 1792.9 1793.9 0.0 % OV
Stem add-back flowrate Rate kg/hr 2061.4 2060.9 2061.9 wet
Total Stem Add-back kg kg 2035.3 2034.8 2035.8 wet
Ratio stem to master weigher Rate % 26.8 26.5 27.0 8.6 wet
RS Add-back Rate Rate Spec. kg/kg 0.080 0.079 0.081 0.0 % OV
RS Add-back Rate Rate kg/kg 0.079 0.078 0.080 wet
Oven Volatiles at Add-Back Point OV Spec. % 12.5 12.0 13.0
RS Add-back flow rate Rate kg/hr 531.0 525.7 536.3 0.0 % OV
RS add-back flowrate Rate kg/hr 606.8 606.3 607.3 1100.0
to adjust the reading of
ET weigher
Total RS Add-back kg kg 599.2 593.2 605.1 wet
Ratio RS to master weigher Rate % 7.9 7.8 8.0
refer to weigher before
dryer
Rate Spec. kg/kg 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oven Volatiles at Add-Back Point OV Spec. % 0.0 0.0 0.0
AC Application Rate Rate Spec. kg/kg 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 13.0 % OV
AC specific gravity Spec. kg/lt 1.0187 1.0137 1.0237 @ 25/25 o
C
AC Application Rate Rate lt/kg 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 13.0 % OV
AC flowrate Rate lt/hr 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.0 % OV
AC flowrate Rate lt/hr 0.0 0.0 0.0 >85 13.3 % OV
Total AC applied Rate lt 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ratio AC to (master weigher + stem
weigher)
Rate % 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.90 wet
Total AC applied Rate kg 0.0 0.0 0.0
Temperature Exit Flavoring Cylinder Temp. Spec. °C max. 40.0
Sieve Size Index SSI T.V. 60.0
Corrected Cylinder Volume CCV T.V. 4.5
Total cut filler kg kg 10,236.8 13.7 13.6 % OV
1.383 Loss OV 0.50%
11. Dhaka Tobacco Industries- confidential information - For internal purposes only
Cut Rag Report
Location: Blend
Laydown
Sample
No
Temp OV CCV CW
Sieve-
6
Sieve-
12
Sieve-
20
Sieve-
35
Sieve-
Pan
SI
1 12.40
2 11.87
3 12.30
4 12.46
5 12.80
AVG 12.37
Target 12.50±0.5
12. Dhaka Tobacco Industries- confidential information - For internal purposes only
Cut Rag Report
Location: Exit
DCCC
Sample
No
Temp OV CCV CW
Sieve-
6
Sieve-
12
Sieve-
20
Sieve-
35
Sieve-
Pan
SI
1 65.1 22.05
2 60.3 22.29
3 68.1 21.17
4 66.5 20.96
5 68.2 22.66
AVG 65.64 21.83
Target 60-70 21- 22
13. Dhaka Tobacco Industries- confidential information - For internal purposes only
Cut Rag Report
Location: Exit
Dryer
Sample
No
Temp OV CCV CW
Sieve-
6
Sieve-
12
Sieve-
20
Sieve-
35
Sieve-
Pan
SI
1 51.4 13.41 4.95
2 53.2 13.61 5.00
3 52.1 13.26 5.02
4 51.4 13.90 4.94
5 52.2 14.00 4.57
AVG 52.03 13.64 4.90
Target 55-65 13.4-14.3 4.50
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Testing Facilities for Cigarette & Filter Rods
Ventilation
Pressure Drop
Circumference
Individual Weight
Borgwoldt, Germany
Ceruleun, UK with Nexus
Software for Online
Viewing & Reporting
System
Hardness
End Loose Borgwoldt, Germany
16. Dhaka Tobacco Industries- confidential information - For internal purposes only
Parameter Unit SPECIFICATION
Cigarette Length mm 83.00
Tipping length mm 26.00
Filter Length mm 20.00
Cigarette Circumference mm 24.65 ± 0.10
Avg. Cigarette Weight gm 0.9526 ± 0.01
Avg. Tobacco Weight gm 0.7495 ± 0.01
Cigarette RTD WGmm 100 ± 10
Loose End mg < 14 per cig.
Cigarette Specification- NAVY