Linked lists are linear data structures where elements are linked using pointers. Unlike arrays, the elements of a linked list are not stored at contiguous memory locations. Linked lists allow for dynamic sizes and easier insertion/deletion of elements compared to arrays but have disadvantages like non-sequential access of elements and extra memory usage for pointers. A linked list node contains a data field and a pointer to the next node. A doubly linked list node also contains a pointer to the previous node, allowing traversal in both directions.
This is a presentation on Linked Lists, one of the most important topics on Data Structures and algorithms. Anyone who is new to DSA or wants to have a theoretical understanding of the same can refer to it :D
Linked lists are a dynamic data structure that store elements sequentially using pointers. Each element contains data and a pointer to the next element. This allows efficient insertion and removal of elements but inefficient random access. There are different types of linked lists including singly, doubly, and circularly linked lists. Linked lists offer more flexible memory allocation than arrays but have higher overhead and slower access times.
This document discusses linked lists, including:
1. Linked lists are dynamic data structures where each node contains a data field and references to the next and/or previous nodes. This allows lists to grow and shrink as needed.
2. Linked lists have advantages over arrays like dynamic sizing and efficient memory usage. They allow easier insertion and deletion without shifting elements.
3. The document describes singly linked lists, doubly linked lists, and circular linked lists. It also covers linked list operations like traversal, insertion, deletion, and searching.
A linked list is a linear data structure where each element (node) is a separate object, connected to the previous and next elements by references. The first element is referred to as the head of the linked list and the last element is referred to as the tail. The nodes in a linked list can store data or simply act as a reference to the next node. Linked lists have several advantages, such as dynamic sizing and easy insertion and deletion of elements. They are commonly used in a variety of applications, such as implementing stacks, queues, and dynamic memory allocation.
There are several types of linked lists, including:
1. Singly linked list: Each node has a reference to the next node in the list.
2. Doubly linked list: Each node has a reference to both the next and previous node in the list.
3. Circular linked list: The last node in the list points back to the first node, creating a loop.
4. Multilevel linked list: Each node in a linked list can contain another linked list.
5. Doubly Circular linked list: Both the first and last node points to each other, forming a circular loop.
6. Skip list: A probabilistic data structure where each node has multiple references to other nodes.
7. XOR linked list: Each node stores the XOR of the addresses of the previous and next nodes, rather than actual addresses.
The document discusses data structures and linked lists. It begins with an introduction to data structures, classifying them as primitive, non-primitive, linear and non-linear. Linked lists are introduced as a linear data structure where elements are linked using pointers rather than stored contiguously in memory. Key advantages of linked lists over arrays are their dynamic size and ease of insertion/deletion. The document provides examples of creating nodes for a linked list in memory and connecting them using pointers.
Static arrays are structures whose size is fixed at compile time and.pdfanjanacottonmills
Static arrays are structures whose size is fixed at compile time and therefore cannot be extended
or reduced to fit the data set. A dynamic array can be extended by doubling the size but there is
overhead associated with the operation of copying old data and freeing the memory associated
with the old data structure. One potential problem of using arrays for storing data is that arrays
require a contiguous block of memory which may not be available, if the requested contiguous
block is too large. However the advantages of using arrays are that each element in the array can
be accessed very efficiently using an index. However, for applications that can be better
managed without using contiguous memory we define a concept called “linked lists”.
A linked list is a collection of objects linked together by references from one object to another
object. By convention these objects are named as nodes. So the basic linked list is collection of
nodes where each node contains one or more data fields AND a reference to the next node. The
last node points to a NULL reference to indicate the end of the list.
Types of Linked Lists
Linked lists are widely used in many applications because of the flexibility it provides. Unlike
arrays that are dynamically assigned, linked lists do not require memory from a contiguous
block. This makes it very appealing to store data in a linked list, when the data set is large or
device (eg: PDA) has limited memory. One of the disadvantages of linked lists is that they are
not random accessed like arrays. To find information in a linked list one must start from the head
of the list and traverse the list sequentially until it finds (or not find) the node. Another advantage
of linked lists over arrays is that when a node is inserted or deleted, there is no need to “adjust”
the array.
There are few different types of linked lists. A singly linked list as described above provides
access to the list from the head node. Traversal is allowed only one way and there is no going
back. A doubly linked list is a list that has two references, one to the next node and another to
previous node. Doubly linked list also starts from head node, but provide access both ways. That
is one can traverse forward or backward from any node. A multilinked list (see figures 1 & 2) is
a more general linked list with multiple links from nodes. For examples, we can define a Node
that has two references, age pointer and a name pointer. With this structure it is possible to
maintain a single list, where if we follow the name pointer we can traverse the list in alphabetical
order of names and if we traverse the age pointer, we can traverse the list sorted by ages. This
type of node organization may be useful for maintaining a customer list in a bank where same
list can be traversed in any order (name, age, or any other criteria) based on the need.
Designing the Node of a Linked List
Linked list is a collection of linked nodes. A node is a struct with at least a.
This document discusses data structures and their applications. It defines objects, classes, inheritance, and interfaces. It discusses the major data structures used in relational database management systems, network data models, and hierarchical data models. It also discusses linked lists, stacks, queues, trees and graphs. It provides examples of linear and non-linear data structures as well as static and dynamic data structures.
Linked lists are linear data structures where elements are linked using pointers. Unlike arrays, the elements of a linked list are not stored at contiguous memory locations. Linked lists allow for dynamic sizes and easier insertion/deletion of elements compared to arrays but have disadvantages like non-sequential access of elements and extra memory usage for pointers. A linked list node contains a data field and a pointer to the next node. A doubly linked list node also contains a pointer to the previous node, allowing traversal in both directions.
This is a presentation on Linked Lists, one of the most important topics on Data Structures and algorithms. Anyone who is new to DSA or wants to have a theoretical understanding of the same can refer to it :D
Linked lists are a dynamic data structure that store elements sequentially using pointers. Each element contains data and a pointer to the next element. This allows efficient insertion and removal of elements but inefficient random access. There are different types of linked lists including singly, doubly, and circularly linked lists. Linked lists offer more flexible memory allocation than arrays but have higher overhead and slower access times.
This document discusses linked lists, including:
1. Linked lists are dynamic data structures where each node contains a data field and references to the next and/or previous nodes. This allows lists to grow and shrink as needed.
2. Linked lists have advantages over arrays like dynamic sizing and efficient memory usage. They allow easier insertion and deletion without shifting elements.
3. The document describes singly linked lists, doubly linked lists, and circular linked lists. It also covers linked list operations like traversal, insertion, deletion, and searching.
A linked list is a linear data structure where each element (node) is a separate object, connected to the previous and next elements by references. The first element is referred to as the head of the linked list and the last element is referred to as the tail. The nodes in a linked list can store data or simply act as a reference to the next node. Linked lists have several advantages, such as dynamic sizing and easy insertion and deletion of elements. They are commonly used in a variety of applications, such as implementing stacks, queues, and dynamic memory allocation.
There are several types of linked lists, including:
1. Singly linked list: Each node has a reference to the next node in the list.
2. Doubly linked list: Each node has a reference to both the next and previous node in the list.
3. Circular linked list: The last node in the list points back to the first node, creating a loop.
4. Multilevel linked list: Each node in a linked list can contain another linked list.
5. Doubly Circular linked list: Both the first and last node points to each other, forming a circular loop.
6. Skip list: A probabilistic data structure where each node has multiple references to other nodes.
7. XOR linked list: Each node stores the XOR of the addresses of the previous and next nodes, rather than actual addresses.
The document discusses data structures and linked lists. It begins with an introduction to data structures, classifying them as primitive, non-primitive, linear and non-linear. Linked lists are introduced as a linear data structure where elements are linked using pointers rather than stored contiguously in memory. Key advantages of linked lists over arrays are their dynamic size and ease of insertion/deletion. The document provides examples of creating nodes for a linked list in memory and connecting them using pointers.
Static arrays are structures whose size is fixed at compile time and.pdfanjanacottonmills
Static arrays are structures whose size is fixed at compile time and therefore cannot be extended
or reduced to fit the data set. A dynamic array can be extended by doubling the size but there is
overhead associated with the operation of copying old data and freeing the memory associated
with the old data structure. One potential problem of using arrays for storing data is that arrays
require a contiguous block of memory which may not be available, if the requested contiguous
block is too large. However the advantages of using arrays are that each element in the array can
be accessed very efficiently using an index. However, for applications that can be better
managed without using contiguous memory we define a concept called “linked lists”.
A linked list is a collection of objects linked together by references from one object to another
object. By convention these objects are named as nodes. So the basic linked list is collection of
nodes where each node contains one or more data fields AND a reference to the next node. The
last node points to a NULL reference to indicate the end of the list.
Types of Linked Lists
Linked lists are widely used in many applications because of the flexibility it provides. Unlike
arrays that are dynamically assigned, linked lists do not require memory from a contiguous
block. This makes it very appealing to store data in a linked list, when the data set is large or
device (eg: PDA) has limited memory. One of the disadvantages of linked lists is that they are
not random accessed like arrays. To find information in a linked list one must start from the head
of the list and traverse the list sequentially until it finds (or not find) the node. Another advantage
of linked lists over arrays is that when a node is inserted or deleted, there is no need to “adjust”
the array.
There are few different types of linked lists. A singly linked list as described above provides
access to the list from the head node. Traversal is allowed only one way and there is no going
back. A doubly linked list is a list that has two references, one to the next node and another to
previous node. Doubly linked list also starts from head node, but provide access both ways. That
is one can traverse forward or backward from any node. A multilinked list (see figures 1 & 2) is
a more general linked list with multiple links from nodes. For examples, we can define a Node
that has two references, age pointer and a name pointer. With this structure it is possible to
maintain a single list, where if we follow the name pointer we can traverse the list in alphabetical
order of names and if we traverse the age pointer, we can traverse the list sorted by ages. This
type of node organization may be useful for maintaining a customer list in a bank where same
list can be traversed in any order (name, age, or any other criteria) based on the need.
Designing the Node of a Linked List
Linked list is a collection of linked nodes. A node is a struct with at least a.
This document discusses data structures and their applications. It defines objects, classes, inheritance, and interfaces. It discusses the major data structures used in relational database management systems, network data models, and hierarchical data models. It also discusses linked lists, stacks, queues, trees and graphs. It provides examples of linear and non-linear data structures as well as static and dynamic data structures.
The document discusses linked lists, which are a linear data structure composed of nodes that contain data and a link to the next node. Linked lists allow for easy insertion and removal of nodes, unlike arrays which have fixed sizes. There are several types of linked lists including single linked lists, double linked lists, circular linked lists, and circular double linked lists. Common operations on linked lists include creation, insertion, deletion, traversal, searching, concatenation, and displaying the list.
6. Linked list - Data Structures using C++ by Varsha Patilwidespreadpromotion
The document discusses linked lists as a dynamic data structure. It defines a linked list as a collection of data elements called nodes that together represent a sequence. Each node contains a data field for the element and a link to the next node. This allows elements to be added or removed without reorganizing the entire structure. The document covers different types of linked lists including singly linked, doubly linked, circular, and their applications for storing polynomials and implementing stacks. It also discusses operations like traversal, insertion, and deletion of nodes.
This document discusses linked lists and their implementation. It begins with an introduction that defines data structures and types of linear and non-linear data structures. It then defines linked lists as a collection of nodes where each node contains data and a link to the next node, forming a chain. The document describes the basic components of linked lists including nodes and how they are linked together. It also outlines common types of linked lists and basic operations that can be performed on linked lists such as creation, insertion, deletion, traversing, searching, and concatenation. Advantages and disadvantages of linked lists are provided as well as examples of applications that use linked lists.
What is a linked listWhat is a linked lists general syntaxCan .pdfbhim1213
What is a linked list?
What is a linked lists general syntax?
Can you give me any tips on using linked lists or any extra general info I may need to know?
Solution
Linked Lists: It is a collection of data elements. A single linked list points to the next element of
the linked list. A double linked list points to both the previous and next elements.
For every node in the linked list, it has 2 parts - data and pointer
Unlike arrays, linked lists are not stored at continguous location. As compared to arrays, linked
lists offer dynamic size (we can add or delete elements from the linked list easily). A
disadvantage as compared to arrays being, random access of the element is not possible in a
linked list.
General Syntax in C:
//node
struct node
{
int data; // data element
struct node *next; // pointer to next element
}
Best way to learn linked lists is to implement the data structure along with some basic operations
on it: Inserting an element (at the start, at the end, at the middle), Deleting an element (from the
start, from the end, from the middle), Counting the number of elements etc..
A linked list is a linear data structure where elements are linked using pointers. Each element contains a data field and a pointer to the next node. Linked lists allow for dynamic sizes and easy insertion/deletion. They are less cache friendly than arrays due to non-contiguous memory allocation. Common operations include insertion/deletion at the beginning, middle, or end which have time complexities ranging from O(1) to O(n) depending on the operation and presence of additional pointers. Doubly linked lists contain pointers to both the next and previous nodes, enabling traversal in both directions but using more memory.
Data structures are used to organize data efficiently to perform operations on large amounts of data. They include primitive structures like integers and floats, as well as linear structures like arrays, stacks, and queues and non-linear structures like trees and graphs. Common operations on data structures include traversing, inserting, deleting, searching, and sorting data elements. Understanding which data structure to use for a given problem is important to write efficient programs as data volumes continue growing rapidly.
This document discusses data structures and linked lists. It provides definitions and examples of different types of linked lists, including:
- Single linked lists, which contain nodes with a data field and a link to the next node.
- Circular linked lists, where the last node links back to the first node, forming a loop.
- Doubly linked lists, where each node contains links to both the previous and next nodes.
- Operations on linked lists such as insertion, deletion, traversal, and searching are also described.
Linked lists are a linear data structure composed of nodes, where each node contains a value and a pointer to the next node. There are several types of linked lists including singly linked lists where each node points to the next but not the previous, doubly linked lists where each node points to both the next and previous node, and circular linked lists where the last node loops back to the first node. Linked lists allow for dynamic memory allocation and easy insertion and deletion of nodes.
What is DSA ?
What are different types of data structures ?
Primitive and Non Primitive DSA
Arrays
Queue
Stack
Linked List
Memory representation of Linked Lists
The document discusses various data structures and operations on linked lists. It defines linked lists as a collection of nodes where each node contains a data field and a link to the next node. The summary describes:
Linked lists allow dynamic sizes and efficient insertions/deletions by not requiring shifting of elements, unlike arrays. Common operations on linked lists include insertion, deletion, traversal, searching, and concatenation of lists. Single linked lists contain next pointers, while double linked lists contain both next and previous pointers.
This tutorial explains about linked List concept. it contains types of linked list also. All possible graphical representations are included for better understanding.
The document provides lecture notes on linked lists and their operations. It contains the following information:
- An overview of linked lists including their memory representation using nodes with a data field and pointer to the next node.
- The main operations on linked lists - traversing, searching, inserting nodes at the start, end or a specified location, and deleting nodes from the start, end or a specified location.
- Details on implementing these operations in C++ including code examples for inserting, deleting and searching nodes in a linked list.
- Advantages of linked lists like flexibility in memory allocation and efficient operations like splitting and joining lists.
The document discusses doubly linked lists (DLLs). It defines DLLs as lists where each node contains two pointers - one to the next node and one to the previous node, allowing traversal in both directions. This is compared to singly linked lists which only allow forward traversal. The key operations of DLLs - insertion, deletion, searching and traversal - are covered along with examples. Maintaining a dummy head node is presented as a way to simplify operations by avoiding special cases for the first and last nodes.
Student will be able to learn linear data structures concepts in detailed manner. This PPT comprises of the following topics: LIST ADT, Singly Linked List, Doubly Linked List, Circular Linked List, Applications of Linked List, Applications of Stack and Queue, Tower of Hanoi, Balancing Parenthesis
The document discusses linked lists, which are a linear data structure consisting of nodes connected to each other via pointers. Each node contains data and a pointer to the next node. There are several types of linked lists including singly linked lists where each node has a next pointer, doubly linked lists where each node has next and previous pointers, and circular linked lists where the last node points to the first node. The document covers terminology, advantages and disadvantages, operations, and implementations of different types of linked lists such as dynamic vs static memory allocation and uses in applications.
The document provides an introduction to linked lists, including:
- Linked lists are dynamic data structures composed of nodes that contain data and a pointer to the next node. This allows for flexible sizes and easier insertion/deletion compared to arrays.
- A singly linked list is outlined, where each node contains the data and a pointer to the next node, but not the previous. Basic operations like creation, display, and insertion/deletion at various positions in the list are described.
- Examples of inserting and deleting nodes from the beginning, middle, and end of a singly linked list are illustrated through diagrams.
Linked lists allow for dynamic memory allocation by connecting nodes using pointers. There are several types of linked lists including singly linked, doubly linked, and circular linked lists. Singly linked lists use a single pointer to connect nodes in a linear fashion, while doubly linked lists use two pointers to allow traversal in both directions. Circular linked lists connect the last node back to the first to form a circular structure. Common operations on linked lists include insertion, deletion, traversal, and searching which are implemented through manipulating the pointers between nodes.
Which data structure is it? What are the various data structure kinds and wha...Tutort Academy
Data structures matter because they boost efficiency. Efficiency: By using the appropriate data structures, programmers can create code that runs faster and uses less memory. Reusability: By employing standard data structures, programmers can abstract the crucial operations that are carried out over numerous Data structures using libraries that are specific to Data Structures.
basics of data structure operations
This document discusses doubly linked lists. It begins by defining a linked list and its basic structure of nodes connected by pointers. It then describes doubly linked lists, which contain pointers between adjacent nodes in both directions, allowing traversal forward and backward. The document defines the structure of a node in both single and doubly linked lists. It notes the advantages of doubly linked lists in being able to traverse both directions and more efficient deletion, at the cost of using more space per node and requiring an extra pointer.
The document discusses linked lists, which are a linear data structure composed of nodes that contain data and a link to the next node. Linked lists allow for easy insertion and removal of nodes, unlike arrays which have fixed sizes. There are several types of linked lists including single linked lists, double linked lists, circular linked lists, and circular double linked lists. Common operations on linked lists include creation, insertion, deletion, traversal, searching, concatenation, and displaying the list.
6. Linked list - Data Structures using C++ by Varsha Patilwidespreadpromotion
The document discusses linked lists as a dynamic data structure. It defines a linked list as a collection of data elements called nodes that together represent a sequence. Each node contains a data field for the element and a link to the next node. This allows elements to be added or removed without reorganizing the entire structure. The document covers different types of linked lists including singly linked, doubly linked, circular, and their applications for storing polynomials and implementing stacks. It also discusses operations like traversal, insertion, and deletion of nodes.
This document discusses linked lists and their implementation. It begins with an introduction that defines data structures and types of linear and non-linear data structures. It then defines linked lists as a collection of nodes where each node contains data and a link to the next node, forming a chain. The document describes the basic components of linked lists including nodes and how they are linked together. It also outlines common types of linked lists and basic operations that can be performed on linked lists such as creation, insertion, deletion, traversing, searching, and concatenation. Advantages and disadvantages of linked lists are provided as well as examples of applications that use linked lists.
What is a linked listWhat is a linked lists general syntaxCan .pdfbhim1213
What is a linked list?
What is a linked lists general syntax?
Can you give me any tips on using linked lists or any extra general info I may need to know?
Solution
Linked Lists: It is a collection of data elements. A single linked list points to the next element of
the linked list. A double linked list points to both the previous and next elements.
For every node in the linked list, it has 2 parts - data and pointer
Unlike arrays, linked lists are not stored at continguous location. As compared to arrays, linked
lists offer dynamic size (we can add or delete elements from the linked list easily). A
disadvantage as compared to arrays being, random access of the element is not possible in a
linked list.
General Syntax in C:
//node
struct node
{
int data; // data element
struct node *next; // pointer to next element
}
Best way to learn linked lists is to implement the data structure along with some basic operations
on it: Inserting an element (at the start, at the end, at the middle), Deleting an element (from the
start, from the end, from the middle), Counting the number of elements etc..
A linked list is a linear data structure where elements are linked using pointers. Each element contains a data field and a pointer to the next node. Linked lists allow for dynamic sizes and easy insertion/deletion. They are less cache friendly than arrays due to non-contiguous memory allocation. Common operations include insertion/deletion at the beginning, middle, or end which have time complexities ranging from O(1) to O(n) depending on the operation and presence of additional pointers. Doubly linked lists contain pointers to both the next and previous nodes, enabling traversal in both directions but using more memory.
Data structures are used to organize data efficiently to perform operations on large amounts of data. They include primitive structures like integers and floats, as well as linear structures like arrays, stacks, and queues and non-linear structures like trees and graphs. Common operations on data structures include traversing, inserting, deleting, searching, and sorting data elements. Understanding which data structure to use for a given problem is important to write efficient programs as data volumes continue growing rapidly.
This document discusses data structures and linked lists. It provides definitions and examples of different types of linked lists, including:
- Single linked lists, which contain nodes with a data field and a link to the next node.
- Circular linked lists, where the last node links back to the first node, forming a loop.
- Doubly linked lists, where each node contains links to both the previous and next nodes.
- Operations on linked lists such as insertion, deletion, traversal, and searching are also described.
Linked lists are a linear data structure composed of nodes, where each node contains a value and a pointer to the next node. There are several types of linked lists including singly linked lists where each node points to the next but not the previous, doubly linked lists where each node points to both the next and previous node, and circular linked lists where the last node loops back to the first node. Linked lists allow for dynamic memory allocation and easy insertion and deletion of nodes.
What is DSA ?
What are different types of data structures ?
Primitive and Non Primitive DSA
Arrays
Queue
Stack
Linked List
Memory representation of Linked Lists
The document discusses various data structures and operations on linked lists. It defines linked lists as a collection of nodes where each node contains a data field and a link to the next node. The summary describes:
Linked lists allow dynamic sizes and efficient insertions/deletions by not requiring shifting of elements, unlike arrays. Common operations on linked lists include insertion, deletion, traversal, searching, and concatenation of lists. Single linked lists contain next pointers, while double linked lists contain both next and previous pointers.
This tutorial explains about linked List concept. it contains types of linked list also. All possible graphical representations are included for better understanding.
The document provides lecture notes on linked lists and their operations. It contains the following information:
- An overview of linked lists including their memory representation using nodes with a data field and pointer to the next node.
- The main operations on linked lists - traversing, searching, inserting nodes at the start, end or a specified location, and deleting nodes from the start, end or a specified location.
- Details on implementing these operations in C++ including code examples for inserting, deleting and searching nodes in a linked list.
- Advantages of linked lists like flexibility in memory allocation and efficient operations like splitting and joining lists.
The document discusses doubly linked lists (DLLs). It defines DLLs as lists where each node contains two pointers - one to the next node and one to the previous node, allowing traversal in both directions. This is compared to singly linked lists which only allow forward traversal. The key operations of DLLs - insertion, deletion, searching and traversal - are covered along with examples. Maintaining a dummy head node is presented as a way to simplify operations by avoiding special cases for the first and last nodes.
Student will be able to learn linear data structures concepts in detailed manner. This PPT comprises of the following topics: LIST ADT, Singly Linked List, Doubly Linked List, Circular Linked List, Applications of Linked List, Applications of Stack and Queue, Tower of Hanoi, Balancing Parenthesis
The document discusses linked lists, which are a linear data structure consisting of nodes connected to each other via pointers. Each node contains data and a pointer to the next node. There are several types of linked lists including singly linked lists where each node has a next pointer, doubly linked lists where each node has next and previous pointers, and circular linked lists where the last node points to the first node. The document covers terminology, advantages and disadvantages, operations, and implementations of different types of linked lists such as dynamic vs static memory allocation and uses in applications.
The document provides an introduction to linked lists, including:
- Linked lists are dynamic data structures composed of nodes that contain data and a pointer to the next node. This allows for flexible sizes and easier insertion/deletion compared to arrays.
- A singly linked list is outlined, where each node contains the data and a pointer to the next node, but not the previous. Basic operations like creation, display, and insertion/deletion at various positions in the list are described.
- Examples of inserting and deleting nodes from the beginning, middle, and end of a singly linked list are illustrated through diagrams.
Linked lists allow for dynamic memory allocation by connecting nodes using pointers. There are several types of linked lists including singly linked, doubly linked, and circular linked lists. Singly linked lists use a single pointer to connect nodes in a linear fashion, while doubly linked lists use two pointers to allow traversal in both directions. Circular linked lists connect the last node back to the first to form a circular structure. Common operations on linked lists include insertion, deletion, traversal, and searching which are implemented through manipulating the pointers between nodes.
Which data structure is it? What are the various data structure kinds and wha...Tutort Academy
Data structures matter because they boost efficiency. Efficiency: By using the appropriate data structures, programmers can create code that runs faster and uses less memory. Reusability: By employing standard data structures, programmers can abstract the crucial operations that are carried out over numerous Data structures using libraries that are specific to Data Structures.
basics of data structure operations
This document discusses doubly linked lists. It begins by defining a linked list and its basic structure of nodes connected by pointers. It then describes doubly linked lists, which contain pointers between adjacent nodes in both directions, allowing traversal forward and backward. The document defines the structure of a node in both single and doubly linked lists. It notes the advantages of doubly linked lists in being able to traverse both directions and more efficient deletion, at the cost of using more space per node and requiring an extra pointer.
Similar to DSA-Linked-List-.. learning process.pptx (20)
Predictably Improve Your B2B Tech Company's Performance by Leveraging DataKiwi Creative
Harness the power of AI-backed reports, benchmarking and data analysis to predict trends and detect anomalies in your marketing efforts.
Peter Caputa, CEO at Databox, reveals how you can discover the strategies and tools to increase your growth rate (and margins!).
From metrics to track to data habits to pick up, enhance your reporting for powerful insights to improve your B2B tech company's marketing.
- - -
This is the webinar recording from the June 2024 HubSpot User Group (HUG) for B2B Technology USA.
Watch the video recording at https://youtu.be/5vjwGfPN9lw
Sign up for future HUG events at https://events.hubspot.com/b2b-technology-usa/
Global Situational Awareness of A.I. and where its headedvikram sood
You can see the future first in San Francisco.
Over the past year, the talk of the town has shifted from $10 billion compute clusters to $100 billion clusters to trillion-dollar clusters. Every six months another zero is added to the boardroom plans. Behind the scenes, there’s a fierce scramble to secure every power contract still available for the rest of the decade, every voltage transformer that can possibly be procured. American big business is gearing up to pour trillions of dollars into a long-unseen mobilization of American industrial might. By the end of the decade, American electricity production will have grown tens of percent; from the shale fields of Pennsylvania to the solar farms of Nevada, hundreds of millions of GPUs will hum.
The AGI race has begun. We are building machines that can think and reason. By 2025/26, these machines will outpace college graduates. By the end of the decade, they will be smarter than you or I; we will have superintelligence, in the true sense of the word. Along the way, national security forces not seen in half a century will be un-leashed, and before long, The Project will be on. If we’re lucky, we’ll be in an all-out race with the CCP; if we’re unlucky, an all-out war.
Everyone is now talking about AI, but few have the faintest glimmer of what is about to hit them. Nvidia analysts still think 2024 might be close to the peak. Mainstream pundits are stuck on the wilful blindness of “it’s just predicting the next word”. They see only hype and business-as-usual; at most they entertain another internet-scale technological change.
Before long, the world will wake up. But right now, there are perhaps a few hundred people, most of them in San Francisco and the AI labs, that have situational awareness. Through whatever peculiar forces of fate, I have found myself amongst them. A few years ago, these people were derided as crazy—but they trusted the trendlines, which allowed them to correctly predict the AI advances of the past few years. Whether these people are also right about the next few years remains to be seen. But these are very smart people—the smartest people I have ever met—and they are the ones building this technology. Perhaps they will be an odd footnote in history, or perhaps they will go down in history like Szilard and Oppenheimer and Teller. If they are seeing the future even close to correctly, we are in for a wild ride.
Let me tell you what we see.
4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...Social Samosa
The Modern Marketing Reckoner (MMR) is a comprehensive resource packed with POVs from 60+ industry leaders on how AI is transforming the 4 key pillars of marketing – product, place, price and promotions.
Open Source Contributions to Postgres: The Basics POSETTE 2024ElizabethGarrettChri
Postgres is the most advanced open-source database in the world and it's supported by a community, not a single company. So how does this work? How does code actually get into Postgres? I recently had a patch submitted and committed and I want to share what I learned in that process. I’ll give you an overview of Postgres versions and how the underlying project codebase functions. I’ll also show you the process for submitting a patch and getting that tested and committed.
End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024Lars Albertsson
We describe how we achieve high change agility in data engineering by eliminating the fear of breaking downstream data pipelines through end-to-end pipeline testing, and by using schema metaprogramming to safely eliminate boilerplate involved in changes that affect whole pipelines.
A quick poll on agility in changing pipelines from end to end indicated a huge span in capabilities. For the question "How long time does it take for all downstream pipelines to be adapted to an upstream change," the median response was 6 months, but some respondents could do it in less than a day. When quantitative data engineering differences between the best and worst are measured, the span is often 100x-1000x, sometimes even more.
A long time ago, we suffered at Spotify from fear of changing pipelines due to not knowing what the impact might be downstream. We made plans for a technical solution to test pipelines end-to-end to mitigate that fear, but the effort failed for cultural reasons. We eventually solved this challenge, but in a different context. In this presentation we will describe how we test full pipelines effectively by manipulating workflow orchestration, which enables us to make changes in pipelines without fear of breaking downstream.
Making schema changes that affect many jobs also involves a lot of toil and boilerplate. Using schema-on-read mitigates some of it, but has drawbacks since it makes it more difficult to detect errors early. We will describe how we have rejected this tradeoff by applying schema metaprogramming, eliminating boilerplate but keeping the protection of static typing, thereby further improving agility to quickly modify data pipelines without fear.
The Ipsos - AI - Monitor 2024 Report.pdfSocial Samosa
According to Ipsos AI Monitor's 2024 report, 65% Indians said that products and services using AI have profoundly changed their daily life in the past 3-5 years.
Analysis insight about a Flyball dog competition team's performanceroli9797
Insight of my analysis about a Flyball dog competition team's last year performance. Find more: https://github.com/rolandnagy-ds/flyball_race_analysis/tree/main
Beyond the Basics of A/B Tests: Highly Innovative Experimentation Tactics You...Aggregage
This webinar will explore cutting-edge, less familiar but powerful experimentation methodologies which address well-known limitations of standard A/B Testing. Designed for data and product leaders, this session aims to inspire the embrace of innovative approaches and provide insights into the frontiers of experimentation!
Learn SQL from basic queries to Advance queriesmanishkhaire30
Dive into the world of data analysis with our comprehensive guide on mastering SQL! This presentation offers a practical approach to learning SQL, focusing on real-world applications and hands-on practice. Whether you're a beginner or looking to sharpen your skills, this guide provides the tools you need to extract, analyze, and interpret data effectively.
Key Highlights:
Foundations of SQL: Understand the basics of SQL, including data retrieval, filtering, and aggregation.
Advanced Queries: Learn to craft complex queries to uncover deep insights from your data.
Data Trends and Patterns: Discover how to identify and interpret trends and patterns in your datasets.
Practical Examples: Follow step-by-step examples to apply SQL techniques in real-world scenarios.
Actionable Insights: Gain the skills to derive actionable insights that drive informed decision-making.
Join us on this journey to enhance your data analysis capabilities and unlock the full potential of SQL. Perfect for data enthusiasts, analysts, and anyone eager to harness the power of data!
#DataAnalysis #SQL #LearningSQL #DataInsights #DataScience #Analytics
2. WHAT IS LINKED LIST?
A Linked list is a linear data structure where each
is a separate objects, known as a node. each node
contains some data and points to the next node in the
structure, forming sequence.
This structure allows for efficient insertion or removal of
elements from any position as only the link is needed to
be modified to point to some other element.
3. The Node
Each node in its basic contains has two
portions; the data, and references to the next
node in the sequence.
In C, we define node as a structure that has
the data and the reference pointer
information.
4. ADVANTAGES OVER AN ARRAY NODE
1.Not fixed in size: linked list are not fixed in size unlike
that of arrays, hence they can grow and shrink depending
on the data to be inserted. only the amount of memory
required to store the data is used.
2.Efficient insertion and deletion: insertion and deletion
are efficient and take constant time as only the links are
manipulated, not the actual memory location of the actual
elements.
5. DISADVANTAGES OVER AN ARRAY
1.Slightly more memory usage: as each element has to store its data
along with the reference information.
2. Sequential access; nodes in a linked list must be read in order from the
beginning as linked list are inherently sequential access.
3.Difficult reverse traversal; difficulties arise In linked list when it comes to
reverse traversing in a singly linked list. This can be resolved using
doubly linked lists, but this again increase memory as we have to store
the previous reference pointer.
6. ACCESSING AN ELEMENT IN A LINKED
LIST
An element in a linked list cannot be accessed directly,
unlike an array. Thus, one has to traverse from one end
of the linked list to the element that has to be accessed.
This is what causes the average O(n) search and access
time in a linked list. Insertion and deletion on the other
hand is constant time as only a few pointers have to be
modified
7. Uses of a linked list
1. Implement other data structures: It is used to
implement other data structures such as stacks,
queues and non-linear ones like trees and
graphs.
2. Hash Chaining: It has uses in hash chaining
for the implementation in open chaining.
8. Singly Linked List
A singly list is the simplest type of
linked list in which every node contains
some data and a pointer to the next
node. A singly linked list allows traversal
of data only in one way.
10. Doubly Linked List
A doubly linked list is a data structure which
consists of nodes which have data, a pointer to the
next node, and also a pointer to the previous
node. Three ways of inserting a node in a doubly
linked list in C++ are: Insertion of node at the
front of the list. Insertion of node after a given
node of the list.
12. Circular Linked List
In a circular linked list, the last node contains a pointer
to the first node of the list, forming a loop.
While traversing a circular linked list, we can begin at
any node and traverse the list in any directions, forward or
backward, until we reach the same mode we started.
Thus, a circular linked list has no beginning and no
ending.