Often ignored, exploring the aspect of drug and diet interaction is one of the vital aspects of approaching any healthcare case study. Hence, here are my slides to understand the complexities of the same.
Presentation gives an overview of the inter-relationship between nutrition and pharmacy. Its importance is an imperative consideration in patient care. The presentation begins with an introduction to both areas but then focuses on specific drug-nutrient interactions with specific drug categories.
Drug interactions (DIs) represent an important and widely under recognized source of medication errors. Interactions between food and drugs may inadvertently reduce or increase the drug effect. Some commonly used herbs, fruits as well as alcohol may cause failure of the therapy up a point of to serious alterations of the patient’s health. The majority of clinically relevant food-drug interactions are caused by food induced changes in the bioavailability of the drug. Major side-effects of some diet (food) on drugs include alteration in absorption by fatty, high protein and fiber diets.
Underlying factors:
Classification of drug-food interactions:
Pharmacodynamic interactions
Pharmacokinetic interactions
I. Absorption interactions
II. Transport and distribution interactions
III. Metabolism interactions
IV. Excretion interactions
Grapefruit juice
Alcohol and Medication Interactions
Common Alcohol-Medication Interactions
Specific Alcohol-Medication Interactions
Food relationship with medication.
Effects that may be caused by mixing the drug with food, and vice versa, and how the pharmacist can administer to prevent the interaction between medications and food.
Presentation gives an overview of the inter-relationship between nutrition and pharmacy. Its importance is an imperative consideration in patient care. The presentation begins with an introduction to both areas but then focuses on specific drug-nutrient interactions with specific drug categories.
Drug interactions (DIs) represent an important and widely under recognized source of medication errors. Interactions between food and drugs may inadvertently reduce or increase the drug effect. Some commonly used herbs, fruits as well as alcohol may cause failure of the therapy up a point of to serious alterations of the patient’s health. The majority of clinically relevant food-drug interactions are caused by food induced changes in the bioavailability of the drug. Major side-effects of some diet (food) on drugs include alteration in absorption by fatty, high protein and fiber diets.
Underlying factors:
Classification of drug-food interactions:
Pharmacodynamic interactions
Pharmacokinetic interactions
I. Absorption interactions
II. Transport and distribution interactions
III. Metabolism interactions
IV. Excretion interactions
Grapefruit juice
Alcohol and Medication Interactions
Common Alcohol-Medication Interactions
Specific Alcohol-Medication Interactions
Food relationship with medication.
Effects that may be caused by mixing the drug with food, and vice versa, and how the pharmacist can administer to prevent the interaction between medications and food.
Why the Nutritional Supplements Need for Our Body?Jeff Crown
Nutritional supplements take a big part to keep you fit for a long time. If you can do proper exercise and take good quality of supplements, these will give you the longer healthy life. Supplement helps to increase energy, strength & stamina of body and mind for long period. It can heal the injury, strengthen your body muscle and bone. For more information visit our website : http://www.ultimatesupplements.com.au/
discusses about the interaction of certain drugs with some food materials and explains in detail about the effect of food on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. Also dicsussed about the pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenomic aspects
Diet is not all about loosing or gaining weight, its therapeutic benefits are often taken lightly by most of us. Planning of a therapeutic diet implies the ability to adopt the principal of normal nutrition to the various regimens for adequacy, correctness, economy and palatability. It requires recognition of the need for dietary supplements such as vitamin and mineral concentrates when the nature of the diet itself imposes severe restrictions, the patient's appetite is poor or absorption and utilization are impaired so that the diet cannot meet the needs of optimum nutrition.
There are several therapeutic benefits of a well balanced diet such as:
•Fuel to perform daily activities
•Nutrients for the body's cells
•Growth and repair of tissue
•Reinforcing the immune system
•Preventing chronic diseases of lifestyle
•Maintaining good mental health
•Ensuring healthy teeth and bones
Interaction between the food and drugs have a high effect on the success of treatment patients and on the side effects of drugs . the interaction not in all cases is bad but sometimes can improve the absorption and decrease the side effect. grapefruits interaction has received very high attention recently. Consequently, the presence of food in the digestive tract may reduce absorption of a drug. Often, such interactions can be avoided by taking the drug 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating. Like drugs, foods are not tested as comprehensively so they may interact with prescription or over the-counter drugs. therefor it is advisable for patients to follow the doctor and specialists’ guidelines to acquire greatest advantages with least food tranquilize cooperation.
Why the Nutritional Supplements Need for Our Body?Jeff Crown
Nutritional supplements take a big part to keep you fit for a long time. If you can do proper exercise and take good quality of supplements, these will give you the longer healthy life. Supplement helps to increase energy, strength & stamina of body and mind for long period. It can heal the injury, strengthen your body muscle and bone. For more information visit our website : http://www.ultimatesupplements.com.au/
discusses about the interaction of certain drugs with some food materials and explains in detail about the effect of food on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. Also dicsussed about the pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenomic aspects
Diet is not all about loosing or gaining weight, its therapeutic benefits are often taken lightly by most of us. Planning of a therapeutic diet implies the ability to adopt the principal of normal nutrition to the various regimens for adequacy, correctness, economy and palatability. It requires recognition of the need for dietary supplements such as vitamin and mineral concentrates when the nature of the diet itself imposes severe restrictions, the patient's appetite is poor or absorption and utilization are impaired so that the diet cannot meet the needs of optimum nutrition.
There are several therapeutic benefits of a well balanced diet such as:
•Fuel to perform daily activities
•Nutrients for the body's cells
•Growth and repair of tissue
•Reinforcing the immune system
•Preventing chronic diseases of lifestyle
•Maintaining good mental health
•Ensuring healthy teeth and bones
Interaction between the food and drugs have a high effect on the success of treatment patients and on the side effects of drugs . the interaction not in all cases is bad but sometimes can improve the absorption and decrease the side effect. grapefruits interaction has received very high attention recently. Consequently, the presence of food in the digestive tract may reduce absorption of a drug. Often, such interactions can be avoided by taking the drug 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating. Like drugs, foods are not tested as comprehensively so they may interact with prescription or over the-counter drugs. therefor it is advisable for patients to follow the doctor and specialists’ guidelines to acquire greatest advantages with least food tranquilize cooperation.
Drug food interactions in details - QAQussai Abbas
Drug interactions (DIs) represent an important and widely under recognized source of medication errors. Interactions between food and drugs may inadvertently reduce or increase the drug effect. Some commonly used herbs, fruits as well as alcohol may cause failure of the therapy up a point of to serious alterations of the patient’s health. The majority of clinically relevant food-drug interactions are caused by food induced changes in the bioavailability of the drug. Major side-effects of some diet (food) on drugs include alteration in absorption by fatty, high protein and fiber diets.
Underlying factors:
Classification of drug-food interactions:
Pharmacodynamic interactions
Pharmacokinetic interactions
I. Absorption interactions
II. Transport and distribution interactions
III. Metabolism interactions
IV. Excretion interactions
Grapefruit juice
Alcohol and Medication Interactions
Common Alcohol-Medication Interactions
Specific Alcohol-Medication Interactions
Before prescribing any pharmaceutical medicine, the physician should consider certain factors that can modify the effect of the drug. The same dose of a drug can produce different degrees of response in different patients and even in the same patient under different situations. The Important factors modify the effect of a drug are subdivided into two groups: patient related factors and drug related factors.
• Patient related factors: age, gender, body weight, presence of food, drug allergy, genetic variation, environmental state, pathological state, psychological state, etc.
• Drug related factors: physical state of a drug, route of drug administration, time of drug administration, drug cumulation, drug combination, drug tolerance, drug dependence, etc.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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2. B E G I N I N G W I T H T H E
INTRODUCTION
Diet is the sum total of foods
consumed by a person.
A drug is a substance which is not
food but a therapeutic agent used
in the prevention, diagnosis,
alleviation, treatment or cure of a
disease.
Nutrients are constituents in foods
that must be supplied to the body
in small amounts, and it includes
carbohydrate, fats, proteins,
vitamins, minerals and water.
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3. ( O M A N M E D J . , B U S H R A , R . , E T A L )
“Many medicines have powerful ingredients that interact with the
human body in different ways. Diet and lifestyle can sometimes have a
significant impact on drugs. A drug interaction is a situation in
which a substance affects the activity of a drug, i.e. the effects
are increased or decreased, or they produce a new effect that neither
produces on its own.”
Words to Live By
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4. Importance of knowledge
on Drug Nutrient
Interaction.
➢ The medications achieve their intended
purpose.
➢ A prescribed drug can be continued by the
patient.
➢ Supplementation of nutrients and calories is
minimal.
➢ Nutritional status is maintained.
➢ Side effects and disease complications are
reduced.
➢ The health care processes are inexpensive.
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On delving further, we can segregate the effect
of food and drugs on the metabolism of each
other.
5. N E X T
Delayed gastric emptying -
Altered gastrointestinal pH -
Competition for binding sites with the nutrients -
Adsorption or adhesion of food or a food component -
Chelation of drugs by food cations -
Dietary fats impeding the absorption of hydrophilic drugs -
Tetra porphyrins
Spironolactone
Ketaconazol
Anticoagulants
Digoxin
Tetracycline
Formation of insoluble complexes after getting chelated
with minerals -
Compete for binding sites with nutrients -
Damage intestinal mucosa -
Sequester bile salts -
Increase intestinal mobility -
Ciprofloxacin
Aspirin
Chemotherapeutic drugs.
Cholestyramine
Diarrhoea causing drugs
EFFECT ON ABSORPTION - The effect foods or its constituents have on drug metabolism and vice
versa can be positive or negative in nature, but both of them follow certain principles.
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6. N E X T
Grapefruit juice - Felodipine
Alcohol - CNS depressants, Propranolol.
The role food plays in the metabolism of drugs is vital as it is
completely based on altering enzymatic activities, which also
creates a facilitative or toxic environment, so needs to be
monitored carefully.
Some cited examples can be of:
Carbohydrate pathway - Insulin, Oral contraceptives
Lipid metabolism - Chlorpromazine, Phenobarbitone
Vitamin and mineral metabolism - Methotrexate,
antiseizure drugs
Drugs, especially in patients with lifestyle disorders, play a
significant role in the metabolism of foods and biochemical
pathways of nutrients. Some include:
EFFECT ON METABOLISM - The effect foods or its constituents have on drug metabolism and vice
versa is solely based on enzymatic and hormonal changes brought about by the either of the
two.
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7. N E X T
Foods can alter the reabsorption of drugs from the renal
tubules and the main factor affecting it is the acidity of the
urine. Therefore, a change in the urinary pH by the
food we consume influences the positive or negative impact on
the tubular reabsorption of drugs.
• A major example is of aspirin - ascorbate interaction.
Drugs influence the excretion of materials from our body, the
most relevant one here being diuretics. Along with sodium,
diuretics is also responsible for other mineral
losses from the body like potassium, zinc, calcium,
magnesium, etc.)
• Other than diuretics, tetracycline – an antibiotic – also
increases the excretion of ascorbate.
EFFECT ON EXCRETION
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8. Independent factors influenced by drugs and
foods on each other -
EFFECT OF
DRUGS ON
NUTRITIONAL
STATUS.
EFFECT OF
DRUGS ON
FOOD
INTAKE.
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EFFECT OF
FOOD IN THE
UTILIZATION OF
DRUGS.
9. The bioactive components of foods affect the
utilisation and effectiveness of drugs to a great
extent. If not studied, followed and monitored
properly, it can lead to sever toxicity.
One such example of relevance her is the action
of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
(MAOI). MAOI are used to treat depression and
hypertension, and when coupled with fermented
or aged foods like aged cheese, fava beans, etc.,
it can rise to harmfully high levels due to
reaction with a component in these foods called
tyramine – a monoamine. This toxic
reaction can lead to severe headache,
haemorrhage and even death.
EFFECT OF FOOD IN THE
UTILIZATION OF DRUGS -
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10. Nutritional status is the condition of the body as
it relates to the consumption, and utilization of
food. It is defined as the health condition of an
individual influenced by his food and lifestyle
habits.
Some drugs (eg, metoclopramide) increase
gastrointestinal motility, decreasing food
absorption. Other drugs (eg, opioids,
anticholinergics) decrease gastrointestinal
motility. Some drugs are better tolerated if
taken with food. Certain drugs affect mineral
metabolism. Certain antibiotics (eg,
tetracyclines) reduce iron absorption, as can
certain foods (eg, vegetables, tea, bran). Certain
drugs affect vitamin absorption or metabolism.
EFFECT OF DRUGS ON
NUTRITIONAL STATUS -
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11. Anorexia
Nausea and vomiting
Gastrointestinal disturbances
Taste sensitivity
Increased appetite
Xerostomia
Soreness or pain in mouth
Mood swings and confusion:
The presence of a poor nutritional status is
often caused due to poor eating habits and
defective intake of food. The sole reason behind
it is the side effects drugs have on our body.
Some of the symptoms which adversely affect
the intake of food leading to poor nutritional
status are –
EFFECT OF DRUGS ON FOOD
INTAKE -
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• Have side effects which influence appetite or gastrointestinal functions.
• Compete directly with a nutrient for its binding site.
Not all drug interactions are clinically significant either because poor nutritional
status, nutrient losses and adverse effects of drugs will be shown only when
practiced for a long period of time. But for drugs which are known to have
significant detrimental effects and need to be administered with certain
precautionary measure have the following features:
• Narrow threshold between therapeutic effect and toxicity
• Need to be taken for a prolonged period
• Have implications in terms of timing of food intake.
• Necessitate dietary restrictions and regulations.
13. CONCLUSION
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Thus, on a concluding note, interactions between drugs and food
products occur in various ways and in various steps ranging from
ingestion, absorption, metabolism, and excretion of both the
drug and food product. Some of the effects induced by food-drug
interactions, such as an increase in the blood drug level, may
have potential therapeutic benefits while some interactions may
result in detrimental physiological effects. It is therefore
important to understand and examine the potential interactions
between foods and drugs and their specific effects at an
individual level
14. N E X T
VOTE OF THANKS
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A F T E R A L L S A I D A N D D O N E , I T W O U L D B E
H I G H L Y U N J U S T I F I D O N ' T E X T E N D M Y
H E A R T F U L G R A T I T U D E T O R . A R I V U C H U D A R
M A ' A M O F P E R I Y A R U N I V E R S I T Y F O R T A K I N G
T I M E O U T F R O M H E R B U S Y S C H E D U L E T O
G U I D E M E I N S U C H A V I T A L T O P I C .
L A S T L Y , B U T N O T A T T H E V E R Y L E A S T , I
W O U L D L I K E T O T H A N K T H E A U T H O R S O F A L L
T H E B O O K S , R E S E A R C H P A P E R S A N D
J O U R N A L S , W H I C H W E R E R E F E R R E D T O I N
M A K I N G T H I S P R E S E N T A T I O N W E L L
R E S O U R C E D .
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All the information procured for this presentation has been reffered to
from the following resources: