Professor Dr. Muhammad Yunus is a Bangladeshi economist who established the Grameen Bank in 1983 to provide microloans to the poor. He pioneered the concept of microcredit and microfinance. Yunus and Grameen Bank were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for their efforts to create economic and social development. Under Yunus' leadership, Grameen Bank has grown to over 2 million borrowers in Bangladesh and replicas have been established in over 100 countries. Yunus has received numerous international awards for his work in alleviating poverty through microfinance and promoting social business.

1. Professor Dr. Muhammad Yunus: A Case Study on
Successful Leader in Bangladesh
Submitted By : Md. Abdul Munem;
Roll: 2023033044 ; EMBA-25 (Sec-B) ; BUP.
Submitted To : Lt. Gen. (Retd) Sheikh Mamun Khaled, PhD; BUP.
1.0 Executive Summary:
Professor Dr. Muhammad Yunus is a Bangladeshi investor and financial expert. He is the
creator and originator of the idea of microcredit, the expansion of little credits to business
visionaries too poor to even think about meeting all requirements for customary bank
advances. Yunus is likewise the author of Grameen Bank. In 2006, they were mutually
granted the Nobel Peace Prize, "for their endeavors to make financial and social improvement
from beneath.
The Grameen Bank (in Bengali, Grameen means rural) which Dr. Yunus has worked in the
course of the most recent 22 years is today the biggest rural bank in Bangladesh. It has more
than 2 million borrowers and works in 35000 villages in a nation of 68000 villages. 94% of its
borrowers are ladies. The bank depends on simple, reasonable principles, careful association,
imagination and companion pressure among borrowers. The break that Grameen Bank offers
is an insurance free credit, once in a while identical to only a couple
U.S. dollars and once in a while more than $100. In rural areas , it makes things happened.
98% of its advances are respected. Consequently he has transformed into reality a way of
thinking that the least fortunate of the poor are the most meriting in the land and that given the
chance they can lift themselves out of the soil of neediness. His thoughts consolidate free
enterprise with social obligation.
Micro-credit concept is presently being rehearsed in 58 nations. In the US, it is a success even
with the Shifting poor of Chicago's hardest location. The United States alone has more than
500 Grameen side projects. Bill Clinton said in his election that Yunus merited a Nobel Peace
Prize and refered to the Experiment of Dr. Yunus as a model for reconstructing downtown
areas of America. Pilot projects are beginning in Britain.

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2.0 Definition of Leadership
Leadership includes building up a clear vision, sharing that vision to others so they will follow
enthusiastically, giving the information, knowledge and methods to understand that vision, and
planning and adjusting the conflicting interests, all members and stake holders.
A leader steps up in the time of emergency, and can think and act creatively in difficult situation.
In contrast to the management, leadership can't be instructed, in spite of the fact that it very well
might be learned and upgraded through training or coaching. Somebody with incredible
authority abilities today is Bill Gates who, regardless of early failures, with continued passion
and advancement has driven Microsoft and the software industry to achievement. The act of
motivating subordinates to perform and participate in accomplishing an objective.
 The people who are the leaders in an association, respected aggregately.
 The action of driving a group of persons or an organization or the capacity to do this
2.1 Types of Leadership
 Autocratic leadership
 Bureaucratic leadership
 Charismatic leadership
 Democratic leadership or participative leadership
 Laissez-faire leadership.
 People-oriented leadership or relations-oriented leadership
 Servant leadership
 Task-oriented leadership
 Transactional leadership
 Transformational leadership

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3.0 A successful Leader in Bangladesh
Dr. Prof. Muhammad Yunus – The Founder of Grameen Bank one most successful entrepreneur
and leader of Bangladesh and well known for his micro lending process & implementation in the
real world.
Professor Muhammad Yunus established the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh in 1983, fueled by
the belief that credit is a fundamental human right. His objective was to help poor people escape
from poverty by providing loans on terms suitable to them and by teaching them a few sound
financial principles so they could help themselves.
From Dr. Yunus' personal loan of small amounts of money to destitute basket weavers in
Bangladesh in the mid-70s, the Grameen Bank has advanced to the forefront of a burgeoning
world movement toward eradicating poverty through micro lending. Replicas of the Grameen
Bank model operate in more than 100 countries worldwide.
Born in 1940 in the seaport city of Chittagong, Professor Yunus studied at Dhaka University in
Bangladesh, and then received a Fulbright scholarship to study economics at Vanderbilt
University. He received his Ph.D. in economics from Vanderbilt in 1969 and the following year
became an assistant professor of economics at Middle Tennessee State University. Returning to
Bangladesh, Yunus headed the economics department at Chittagong University.
From 1993 to 1995, Professor Yunus was a member of the International Advisory Group for the
Fourth World Conference on Women, a post to which he was appointed by the UN secretary
general. He has served on the Global Commission of Women's Health, the Advisory Council for
Sustainable Economic Development and the UN Expert Group on Women and Finance.
Professor Yunus is the recipient of numerous international awards for his ideas and endeavors,
including the Mohamed Shabdeen Award for Science (1993), Sri Lanka; Humanitarian Award
(1993), CARE, USA; World Food Prize (1994), World Food Prize Foundation, USA;
independence Day Award (1987), Bangladesh's highest award; King Hussein Humanitarian
Leadership Award (2000), King Hussien Foundation, Jordan; Volvo Environment Prize (2003),
Volvo Environment Prize Foundation, Sweden; Nikkei Asia Prize for Regional Growth (2004),
Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Japan; Franklin D. Roosevelt Freedom Award (2006), Roosevelt
Institute of The Netherlands; and the Seoul Peace Prize (2006), Seoul Peace Prize Cultural
Foundation, Seoul, Korea. He is a member of the board of the United Nations Foundation.

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3.1 Achievement of Dr. Muhammod Yunus
The most respected achievement that Dr. Professor Muhammad Yunus, was awarded the Nobel
Prize for Peace in 2006.
3.2 Professional Experiences
1962-65 : Lecturer of Economics, Chittagong College, Bangladesh
1969-72 : Assistant Professor of Economics, MTSU, Tennessee, USA
1972 (July-Sept) :
Deputy Chief, General Economics Division, Planning Commission,
Government of Bangladesh.
1972 - 75 :
Associate Professor of Economics and Head of the Department of
Economics, Chittagong University, Bangladesh
1975 - 1989 :
Professor of Economics, Chittagong University and Director, Rural
Economics Program, Chittagong, Bangladesh
1976 - 1983 : Project Director, Grameen Bank Project, Bangladesh
1983 - 2011 : Managing Director, Grameen Bank, Bangladesh
1996 (April-June) : Cabinet Minister (Advisor) in the Caretaker Government of Bangladesh.
3.3 Membership of Committees and Commissions (National)
1981 :
Member, National Committee on Population Policy set up by the President of
Bangladesh.
1982 :
Member, Land Reform Committee, set up by Chief Martial Law Administrator,
headed by the Minister of Agriculture.
1987-88 : Member, Education Commission, Government of Bangladesh.
1989-90 :
Appointed as the Chairman of the Socio-economic Committee of the National
Disaster Prevention Council set up by the President of Bangladesh.
1989 :
Member of the Task Force for reviewing the operation of the Nationalized
Commercial Banks, Bangladesh.
1991 :
Appointed as the Convener of the Task Force on Self-Reliance set up by the
Planning Advisor.
2001 :
Member of the National ICT Task Force Committee, Ministry of Planning,
Bangladesh.

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3.4 Short History of Grameen Bank
The establishment of Grameen Bank can be followed back to 1976 when Professor Muhammad
Yunus, Head of the Rural Economics Program at the University of Chittagong, posted an action
research task to analyze the chance of planning a credit delivery system to provide banking
service designated at the rural poor. The Grameen Bank Project (Grameen signifies "rural" or
"village" in Bangla language) came into activity with the accompanying destinations:
 Extend banking facilities to poor men and women;
 Eliminate the exploitation of the poor by money lenders;
 Create opportunities for self-employment for the vast multitude of unemployed people in
rural Bangladesh;
 Bring the disadvantaged, mostly the women from the poorest households, within the fold
of an organizational format which they can understand and manage by themselves; and
 Reverse the age-old vicious circle of “low income, low saving & low investment”, into
virtuous circle of “low income, injection of credit, investment, more income, more savings,
more investment, more income”.
3.5 Seven Principles of Social Business: Grameen Bank
1) Business objective will be to overcome poverty, or one or more problems (such as
education, health, technology access, and environment) which threaten people and society;
not profit maximization
2) Financial and economic sustainability
3) Investors get back their investment amount only. No dividend is given beyond investment
money
4) When investment amount is paid back, company profit stays with the company for
expansion and improvement
5) Environmentally conscious
6) Workforce gets market wage with better working conditions
7) do it with joy

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3.6 How to Become A Leader
3.7 Trait Approach
The Trait approach, which emphasizes the personality characteristics of the leader. The theories
that were developed were called “great man” theories because they focused on identifying the
innate qualities and characteristics possessed by great social, political, and military leaders.
According to Dhaka tribune on October 28th, 2015, Professor Dr. Muhammad Yunus has been
ranked 9th among the most admired personality globally, as per a new survey by the World
Economic Forum (WEF).
 Beggars as Members
 Owned by Poor
 No Collateral, No Legal Instrument, No Group-Guarantee or Joint Liability
3.8 Skills Approach
The skills approach, which emphasizes the leader’s capabilities. This approach takes a leader-
centered perspective on leadership.
 Revenue and Expenditure
 30% Dividend
 Deposit Rates
3.9 Behavioral Approach
The behavioral approach emphasizes the behavior of the leader. This distinguishes it from the
trait approach, which emphasizes the personality characteristics of the leader, and the skills
approach, which emphasizes the leader’s capabilities. The behavioral approach focuses
exclusively on what leaders do and how they act. In shifting the study of leadership to leader
behaviors, the behavioral approach expanded the research of leadership to include the actions of
leaders toward followers in various contexts.
 Scholarships
 Education Loans
 Home Loan
 Micro-enterprise Loans

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3.10 Situational Approach
The situational approach is constructed around the idea that followers move forward and
backward along the developmental continuum, which represents the relative competence and
commitment of followers. For leaders to be effective, it is essential that they determine where
followers are on the developmental continuum and adapt their leadership styles to directly match
their followers’ development levels.
 Extend banking facilities to poor men and women;
 Eliminate the exploitation of the poor by money lenders;
 Create opportunities for self-employment for the vast multitude of unemployed people
in rural Bangladesh;
 Bring the disadvantaged, mostly the women from the poorest households, within the fold
of an organizational format which they can understand and manage by themselves;
 Reverse the age-old vicious circle of "low income, low saving & low investment", into
virtuous circle of "low income, injection of credit, investment, more income, more
savings, more investment, more income".
4.0 Conclusion
Dr. Muhammad Yunus is a man who works for change, an optimist who is genuinely convinced
of change for the good. If society would strongly promote self-reliance, poverty would not stand
a chance. We must simply make use of human potential. Every person is endowed by nature to
support herself or himself. Promoting this potential is the task not only of government but of
business. Greed is not the only driver of free enterprise; Social benefit can replace greed as a
powerful motor. The business world does not have to be a battlefield of bloodthirsty capitalists.
Good people can feel called upon to steer the world sustainably in the right direction.
Microcredit is not the cure for everything, but it is a force that can bring about economic,
personal, social, and political change. Poverty builds giant walls around people. Grameen does
not intend to give people a few nice days within these walls. Grameen wants to give the people
the strength to tear down the walls – and ultimately establish an existence above the poverty
level.

8. References
 Gameen Bank & Grameen Foundation web site - www.grameen-info.org
 Yunus Centre - http://www.muhammadyunus.org
 Moral Heroes – Muhammad Yunus , Bangladesh, 20th Century, Asia, Economic, Male -
http://moralheroes.org/muhammad-yunus
 Market Mix at Economical Sector - http://www.mixmarket.org/mfi/grameen- bank
 Hulme,.D and Arun, T.G. (forthcoming 2009) Microfinance: A Reader, London,Routledge.
 Fuglesang, A. and Chandler, D. (1986). Participation as Process: What Can We Learnfrom the
Grameen Bank, Bangladesh. Oslo, Norway: Norwegian Ministry of Development Corporation.
 Rutherford, S. with Maniruzzaman, Sinha, S.K. and Acnabin & Co. (2006),GRAMEEN II-
The First Five Years: 2001-2006‘, Grameen II Briefing Notes for MicroSave. Onlineresource
available at: http://www.microsave.org
 Dowla, A. and Barua, D. (2006). The Poor Always Pay Back – The Grameen II Story.West
Hartford, CT: Kumarian Press.
 Yunus, M. (1999). Banker to the Poor: Micro lending and the Battle against Poverty.New York:
Public Affairs.
 The Daily New York Times (Online Version)
http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2011/03/22/opinion/22fixesEimg.html