This document discusses the theories of management professor Douglas McGregor on employee motivation. Theory X assumes that the average employee dislikes work and must be closely controlled and directed. Theory Y proposes that employees can be self-motivated if given responsibility and rewards that satisfy higher needs like self-fulfillment. The document outlines the key assumptions of each theory, such as Theory X believing people avoid responsibility while Theory Y believes people will seek it under the right conditions.

1. SITI NAJUWA AHMAD FUAD
NOR EZZAILA ADNAN

2. • The History
• Keyword
• Proof of Existence

4.  1906-1964
 Management Professor
 President in College
 American Science Psychologist

6. • Profound on
education practice
• an approach of
creating an
environment within
which employees
are motivated via
authoritative,
direction and
control or
integration and self-
control

8. THEORY X AND THEORY Y
Theory X
 Theory X assumes that the average person:
 Dislikes work and attempts to avoid it.
 Has no ambition, wants no responsibility, and would
rather follow than lead.
 Is self-centered and therefore does not care about
organizational goals.
 Resists change.
 Is gullible and not particularly intelligent.

9. Theory Y
 Work can be as natural as play and rest.
 People will be self-directed to meet their work
objectives if they are committed to them.
 People will be committed to their objectives if rewards
are in place that address higher needs such as self-
fulfillment.
 Under these conditions, people will seek responsibility.
 Most people can handle responsibility because
creativity and ingenuity are common in the population