The document discusses domestic violence, defining it as a pattern of abusive behavior used to gain power and control over an intimate partner. It can include physical, sexual, emotional, economic or psychological abuse. Domestic violence affects people of all demographics. The document outlines different types of abuse like sexual, spiritual, emotional, economic and psychological abuse. It discusses the effects of domestic violence, which can include low self-esteem, depression, and physical health issues. The document concludes with discussing primary, secondary and tertiary prevention strategies for domestic violence.

1. Ms. Salbia Abbas
Peace Psychology
Department of Psychology
Govt. College Women University Sialkot
16th march 2020
Online Lecture-I

2. “We define domestic violence as a pattern of abusive
behavior in any relationship that is used by one
partner to gain or maintain power and control over
another intimate partner.
Domestic violence can be physical, sexual, emotional,
economic, or psychological actions or threats of
actions that influence another person. This includes
any behaviors that intimidate, manipulate, humiliate,
isolate, frighten, terrorize, coerce, threaten, blame,
hurt, injure, or wound someone” (USDOJ: Domestic
Violence, 2013).

3. 40% of Domestic Violence victims are men
Our focus is on the 60% of women
According to “the United States Department of
Justice estimates that 4.5 million women are
violently victimized in the United States and all
over the globe every year” (Santana, 2004).

4. “Domestic violence can happen to anyone
regardless of race, age, sexual orientation,
religion, or gender. Domestic violence affects
people of all socioeconomic backgrounds and
education levels. Domestic violence occurs in both
opposite-sex and same-sex relationships and can
happen to intimate partners who are married,
living together, or dating” (USDOJ: Domestic
Violence, 2013).

5. Types of Abuse
1:Sexual Abuse: Coercing or attempting to coerce
any sexual contact or behavior without consent.
Sexual abuse includes, but is certainly not limited
to, marital rape, attacks on sexual parts of the
body, forcing sex after physical violence has
occurred, or treating one in a sexually demeaning
manner.

6. 2: Spiritual Abuse: using religious or spiritual beliefs
to manipulate someone, preventing the partner from
practicing their religious or spiritual beliefs,
ridiculing the other person’s religious or spiritual
beliefs, forcing the children to be reared in a faith that
the partner has not agreed to.
3:Emotional Abuse: Undermining an individual's
sense of self-worth or self-esteem. This may include,
but is not limited to constant criticism, diminishing
one's abilities, name-calling, or damaging one's
relationship with his or her children.

7. 4: Economic Abuse: Is defined as making or
attempting to make an individual financially
dependent by maintaining total control over financial
resources, withholding one's access to
money, or forbidding one's attendance at school or
employment.
5:Psychological Abuse: Elements of psychological
abuse include - but are not limited to - causing fear by
intimidation; threatening physical harm to self,
partner, children, or partner's family or friends;
destruction of pets and property; and forcing isolation
from family, friends, or school and/or work

8.  Such as
 Low self esteem
 Emotional and economic dependency
 Continued faith and hope abuser will "stop"
 Depression and Stress disorders and/or psychosomatic
 Socially isolated
 Appears nervous or anxious
 In fact, experts say, when domestic violence happens to
 people of a higher income and educational level the
 stakes can be much higher and the shame much greater.

9.  Chronic pain, gastrointestinal disorders,
psychosomatic symptoms, eating problems
 Mental health problems (anxiety, post-
traumatic stress disorder, depression)
 Increased risk of unplanned or early
pregnancies and sexually transmitted disease
 Increased risk of substance abuses

10. ▪ Primary – educational outreach to community
groups, churches, schools.
▪ Secondary – routine assessments for domestic
violence at standard medical visits (in pregnancy,
especially).
▪ Tertiary – increase levels of services required by
battered women (shelters, legal protection,
emergency hotlines, etc.)

11.  The Advocates for Human Rights. (2013, August). Health
Effects of Domestic Violence. Retrieved from
 www.stopvaw.org/health_effects_of_domestic_violence
 Child Welfare Information Gateway (June 2014).
 https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/usermanuals/domes
ticviolence/domesticviolencec.cfm
 Domestic Violence. (n.d.). Orange County Sheriff's
Department. Retrieved July 27, 2014, from
 http://media.ocgov.com/gov/sheriff/about/in
 Domestic Violence Assessment and Intervention provided
by the Family Violence Prevention Fund. (n.d.).
 Domestic Violence Assessment and Intervention provided
by the Family Violence Prevention Fund. Retrieved July
 27, 2014, from http://socialworkers.org/pressroom/events