DNP- TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE- BASED PRACTICE 2
DNP- TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE- BASED PRACTICE 2
DNP-Translational Research and Evidence-Based Practice
DNP-820-O501: Translational Research and Evidence-Based Practice
Grand Canyon University
September 26, 2019
DNP-Translational Research and Evidence-Based Practice
Introduction of the Identified Subtheme
The role of medical administration has advanced lately and become more demanding and time-consuming task leading to high possibility error due to the complexity of the medication administration. The fact remains that the patient relies on other people who control their life to keep them alive. It has led to the significant impact of young children suffering from leukemia when physicians administer the wrong drugs or cause an error on prescriptions.
Medication administration error is not a unique thing according to the review articles. Upon review of the identified items, most of the research concentrated on the after effect of the wrong administration while others focus on the process that leads to incorrect prescriptions leading to more sickness and problem on the children. One of the significant contents is the damage to the cognitive development of the children even after successful treatment. It shows that the moment a child is given the wrong drug other than the one to treat leukemia, it led to slow development of motor skills even after the change of the medication.
Another content identified is the ability to cope with pain due to medication error. The articles focus on the panic caused to the children under five-year old now changing the medication and prolonged time to take the actual drug. Another significant effort of error in drug administration include an increased rate of fungal and bacterial infection on young children developing a life-threatening disease. It shows that medical error on young children suffering from leukemia lacks enough blood cell, especially white blood cell to fight other the wrong drug in the blood leading to high risk of additional infection. Another impact includes difficult in developing adaptive function compared with other children of the same age group. It led to the loss information process even after recovering from leukemia.
Error in the administration of the right medication in children suffering from leukemia is highly associated with cancer. Wrong medicine administers to children mostly led to cancer since the children have no capabilities of fighting the drug on their own leading to worsening of the leukemia conditions. Given the presence of a parent in raising the children, medical administration error also leads to post-traumatic stress to the parents and guardian since they fear the children may fail to recover or lead to other mental problems.
Summary of the Research Question Posed by the Studies
Some issues include the process of prescribing, dispensing, and parental administration of these dru ...
KCR’s Piotr Piotrowski, Magdalena Czarnecka and Anna Baran talk about placebos, a key component of many clinical trials, and the ethics behind, in the European Pharmaceutical Contractor (EPC) magazine, Autumn 2017.
Impact of health education on tuberculosis drug adherenceSkillet Tony
Adherence is defined as the extent to which patients follow the instructions they are given for prescribed treatments. Until recently, adherence expertise was hard to find, assemble and empower. The study shall solely aim at investigating the influence of patients’ health education on Tuberculosis drug adherence. It will be guided by the following specific objectives; to identify the level of adherence among TB patients at MTRH, to assess the level of patient’s health education on TB drugs, to identify barriers of TB education, to investigate the challenges facing TB patients on treatment and to determine the level of training given to health workers on TB drug adherence. These objectives will enable the researcher to elaborate more on the topic and ensure that those who read through this research shall have a better perspective on the effects of health education on tuberculosis drug adherence. It will take place between the months of July and August. The study will target 17 doctors, 119 nurses and 143 patients of Tuberculosis. The study will employ a case study research design. The case study will enable the researcher be able to collected detailed information as to the influence of patients’ health education on TB drug adherence. The study will employ purposive sampling to sample the doctors and simple random sampling to select both the nurses and the patients who will participate in the study. The researcher will use one research instrument to collect data from the respondents selected to participate in the study which is a questionnaire that will be issued to the respondents on the day of the data collection.
Bias, confounding and causality in p'coepidemiological researchsamthamby79
A brief description of three issues (Bias, Confounding and Causality) commonly encountered while performing pharmacoepidemiological research. A big THANK YOU to Mr. Strom and Mr. Kimmel.
Running Head QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY1QUANTITATIVE RESE.docxtodd581
Running Head: QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY 1
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY 10
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY
Student’s Name: Letzy Reyes
Institution: Grand Cayon University
Date: 06/10/2018
Nursing Practice Problem
P-(Problem) – elderly patients aged above 50 years admitted in hospital and having shown blood pressure disease signs. Patients not included in the research were pregnant women.
I-(Intervention) – the patients who are subject in this research will be subjected to therapeutic routine concerning hypertension. The blood pressure of all the patients was tested after administering hypertension medicine to the subjects. The resultant changes were recorded every day to determine the reaction and thus the group will make a conclusion.
C-(Comparison) – institutionalized quality methods will be regulated for hypertension and subjected to the group. The comparison between the groups will be done towards the end of the month in the group.
O-(Outcome) - there will be good relation between the hypertension medication and blood pressure.
T-(Time) – for the next one month the blood pressure will be monitored closely.
The nursing practice portion should be in paragraph form.
PICOT Statement
Elderly patients under hypertension medication together with pharmacological interventions can be maintained in hospitals to improve their blood pressure and with understanding the background and culture of the patients will be of great help in dealing with hypertension. Comment by Doreen Farley: Letzy, I know that this is not the PICOT question that we decided on. What happened to the PICOT?
In patients with hypertension, does the use of meditation along with pharmacological interventions compared to medications alone improve blood pressure? This was the PICOT from out last discussion on 6-1-18
This paper is supposed to be double space only. I am not sure why there is so much space in between concepts.
Introduction
Background of the study
The purpose of the study was to evaluate analyze how patients using hypertension medication along with pharmacological interventions compared to medications alone improve blood pressure. The bottom line of the study was to evaluate how different opinions on hypertension and the treatment of the disease and how such opinions differ from one place to another especially due to the difference in culture or ethnicity of these groups. In addition, the study will be evaluated on what the proposed interventions would do to improve the adherence to these groups. Comment by Doreen Farley: The study evaluated…
The proposed interventions from the research on the two articles will be of importance to the nursing field. There is the need for the nurses to connect, care and convey treatment for various groups of patients in our diverse community. These include taking treatment to patients from different ethnic and racial groups. When it comes to hypertension, nurses have been faced with challenges .
The issue of medical aliteracy has drawn both scholars and medical practitioners’ attention in the recent years. The negative cost of medical aliteracy has continued to constitute major threats to health related issue which has resulted in high mortality rate, high medical expenditure and medical underperformance among others. On this premise the study examined the influence of medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel. The study employed descriptive research design and Chi-Square to test the research hypotheses. A total number of 50 questionnaires were designed to collect information from the sampled population through a random sampling. From the result of the analysis it was revealed that factors such as ineffective supervision of medical personnel, low patient literacy level, lack of personnel-patients engagement could lead to medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel. Senior medical personnel have the knowledge of medical aliteracy and its implications on for medical personnel and the public. Medical aliteracy has an implication on health sector performance which includes increase in mortality rate, increase health expenditure, widening of the gap between patients – medical personnel communication among others. Perception of medical aliteracy has significant influence on medical personnel performance. The study concluded that, medical aliteracy is prevalent among medical personnel and patients and is associated with many poor medical outcomes in the health sector. It was however recommended that medical literacy training, schemes and programmes should be designed according to the needs of the different medical personnel and should therefore be included in medical professional training programs.
Journal Article Analysis: Medication Errors in Overweight and Obese Pediatric...Paul Pasco
A journal article analysis ("journal club") I completed during an internship/Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) in medication safety at a hospital.
10 STRATEGIC POINTS 2
Ten Strategic Points
Grand Canyon University
DNP-815- O502: Scientific Underpinnings
10 Strategic Points Table
(Use this table to complete the 10 Strategic Points document for your project.)
10 Strategic Points
Comments/Feedback
Broad Topic Area
Impact of Medication Administration Errors on 3-4-Year-old Leukemia Patients
Literature Review
A. Verghese, A., Charlton, B., Kassirer, J. P., Ramsey, M., & Ioannidis, J. P. (2015). Inadequacies of physical examination as a cause of medical errors and adverse events: a collection of vignettes. The American journal of medicine, 128(12), 1322-1324.
The article looks at the “Inadequacies of physical examination as a cause of medical errors and adverse events: a collection of vignettes” from the American journal of medicine. It takes into consideration the fact that, the oversights in the corporeal assessment are a medical fault which aren’t studied via chart evaluation. Furthermore, the article states that these oversights in the corporeal assessments may be the primary contributors to the neglected or late diagnosis besides unnecessary exposure to contrast as well as radiation on the Leukemia patients. Either the authors indicate that the incorrect treatments resulting from these delays leads to unfavorable results like fainting on the Leukemia patient, lack of appetite on the side of the patient, worsening the Leukemia conditions which eventually can lead to early death of the patient.
B. Hockings, J. K., Owolabi, D. K., Broyles, J. E., & Wheelis, S. C. (2017). Impact of medication administration error on over 3 years Leukemia patients and the stimulating factors in acute leukemia and stem cell transplant patients. Supportive Care in Cancer, 25(6), 1853-1858.
The authors of this article explored the “Impact of medication administration error on over 3 years Leukemia patients and the stimulating factors in acute leukemia and stem cell transplant patients.” This article is from supportive care in cancer and it was retrieved from Google Scholar. The article authors acknowledge the fact that, the medication administration errors lead to severe impacts on the health conditions of the patient more especially the ones who are 3 – 4 years of Leukemia. According to the authors, the impacts associated with the medication administration errors may lead to worsening of the health condition of the patient, the rate of Leukemia advancement into higher stages may also increase with treatment or managing of this deadly disease being more complicated. The authors argue that using erroneous medicines, the Leukemia advancement increases without the knowledge of the patient which makes even the survival chances of the patient to reduce due to stress upon realizing that there was an error in his or her medication.
C. Douer, D. (2016). Efficacy and safety of vincristine sulfate liposome injection in the treatment of adult acute lymphocytic leukemia. The oncologist, 21(7), 840-847.
...
Genetic Testing Reduces Specialty Drug SpendWellDyne
An award-winning WellDyneRx study, recognized by the Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy, found that pharmacogenomics screening saved self-funded employers 5 percent in specialty drug claim costs.
Influence of medicare formulary restrictions on evidence based prescribing pr...TÀI LIỆU NGÀNH MAY
Để xem full tài liệu Xin vui long liên hệ page để được hỗ trợ
: https://www.facebook.com/thuvienluanvan01
HOẶC
https://www.facebook.com/garmentspace/
https://www.facebook.com/thuvienluanvan01
https://www.facebook.com/thuvienluanvan01
tai lieu tong hop, thu vien luan van, luan van tong hop, do an chuyen nganh
Complementary or alternative? The use of homeopathic products and antibiotics...home
Any intervention to reduce the inappropriate use of antibiotics for infections in
children has the potential to reduce the selective pressure on antimicrobial resistance and minimise
the medicalisation of self-limiting illness. Little is known about whether homeopathic products
might be used by some families as an alternative to antibiotics or the characteristics of such families.
We used the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) observational dataset to
explore the hypothesis that the use of homeopathic products is associated with reduced antibiotic
use in pre-school children and to identify characteristics of the families of pre-school children given
homeopathic products.
Methods: Questionnaires
study of compliance of diabetic patients to prescribed mediationTehreemRashid
This research comprises of data which depicts the prevalence of adherence to medication by diabetic patients and different factors that affect their compliance
. According to your textbook, Contrary to a popular misconception.docxmadlynplamondon
.
According to your textbook, “Contrary to a popular misconception in the West, homosexuality is not universally stigmatized. Based on the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample of 186 societies, Crapo (1995) found that only 31% of people stigmatized homosexual behavior, while the remainder either considered homosexual experimentation to be a normal developmental phase of preadult life (38%), accepted committed adult same-sex relationships as an alternative form of marriage (18%), or even required same-sex relationships among all males during a period that preceded their being permitted to marry heterosexually (12%)” (Crapo, 2013, p.161).
In America, the historical stigmatization of homosexuality is a product of (Points : 1)
enculturation.
cultural relativism.
minimalism.
universal moral values.
Question 2.
2.
Which of the following is an example of an
etic
statement about Americans? (Points : 1)
July 4th is a federal holiday, and I enjoy having the day off from work. I usually spend time with my family and hang out at the pool.
The Fourth of July is the day we adopted the Declaration of Independence, declaring our independence from the British in 1776. This had a huge impact on the entire course of history, leading to the Revolutionary War and the creation of the best country in the world, the United States of America.
The fireworks displays are my favorite part of the Fourth of July. I also march in the local parade.
Americans celebrate the 4th of July as the day they declared independence from colonial powers in 1776. Food is often cooked outside on grills, even though most houses have electric ovens inside. It is very hot outside in the middle of summer, and although many people have electronic cooling devices called air conditioners within their homes, much of the day is spent outside. At night, explosives are set off in community gatherings to celebrate this holiday. Remarkably, very few people are hurt during these displays.
Question 3.
3.
Which of the following is an example of an
etic
description of teen pregnancy in America? (Points : 1)
One of my friends in high school got pregnant in her sophomore year. She and the father decided to keep the baby, got married and just celebrated their 10thanniversary. They both finished college and have good jobs now. It just goes to show that people can overcome teen pregnancy and become successful parents.
Although popular opinion sometimes indicates otherwise, according to a statistical analysis from the US Department of Health and Services (2014), teen pregnancy rates have been steadily declining for the past twenty years. In America, most teenagers are not yet fully independent from their parents, as teenagers in other cultures sometimes are, so they are not ready to become parents. Since this issue has a huge impact on young women and men affected by it, this may account for the disparity between popular opinion and.
-How did artwork produced in America from 1945 to 1960 compare to ar.docxmadlynplamondon
-How did artwork produced in America from 1945 to 1960 compare to art made in Europe? Did the artwork change as the 20th century progressed? Include at least two (2) examples of artists and artworks to support your comparison. You do not need to include the image, but include artist name, title, media and date.
- Write 150 words, also cite the sources you use.
.
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Similar to DNP- TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE- BASED PRACTICE 2DNP.docx
KCR’s Piotr Piotrowski, Magdalena Czarnecka and Anna Baran talk about placebos, a key component of many clinical trials, and the ethics behind, in the European Pharmaceutical Contractor (EPC) magazine, Autumn 2017.
Impact of health education on tuberculosis drug adherenceSkillet Tony
Adherence is defined as the extent to which patients follow the instructions they are given for prescribed treatments. Until recently, adherence expertise was hard to find, assemble and empower. The study shall solely aim at investigating the influence of patients’ health education on Tuberculosis drug adherence. It will be guided by the following specific objectives; to identify the level of adherence among TB patients at MTRH, to assess the level of patient’s health education on TB drugs, to identify barriers of TB education, to investigate the challenges facing TB patients on treatment and to determine the level of training given to health workers on TB drug adherence. These objectives will enable the researcher to elaborate more on the topic and ensure that those who read through this research shall have a better perspective on the effects of health education on tuberculosis drug adherence. It will take place between the months of July and August. The study will target 17 doctors, 119 nurses and 143 patients of Tuberculosis. The study will employ a case study research design. The case study will enable the researcher be able to collected detailed information as to the influence of patients’ health education on TB drug adherence. The study will employ purposive sampling to sample the doctors and simple random sampling to select both the nurses and the patients who will participate in the study. The researcher will use one research instrument to collect data from the respondents selected to participate in the study which is a questionnaire that will be issued to the respondents on the day of the data collection.
Bias, confounding and causality in p'coepidemiological researchsamthamby79
A brief description of three issues (Bias, Confounding and Causality) commonly encountered while performing pharmacoepidemiological research. A big THANK YOU to Mr. Strom and Mr. Kimmel.
Running Head QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY1QUANTITATIVE RESE.docxtodd581
Running Head: QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY 1
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY 10
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY
Student’s Name: Letzy Reyes
Institution: Grand Cayon University
Date: 06/10/2018
Nursing Practice Problem
P-(Problem) – elderly patients aged above 50 years admitted in hospital and having shown blood pressure disease signs. Patients not included in the research were pregnant women.
I-(Intervention) – the patients who are subject in this research will be subjected to therapeutic routine concerning hypertension. The blood pressure of all the patients was tested after administering hypertension medicine to the subjects. The resultant changes were recorded every day to determine the reaction and thus the group will make a conclusion.
C-(Comparison) – institutionalized quality methods will be regulated for hypertension and subjected to the group. The comparison between the groups will be done towards the end of the month in the group.
O-(Outcome) - there will be good relation between the hypertension medication and blood pressure.
T-(Time) – for the next one month the blood pressure will be monitored closely.
The nursing practice portion should be in paragraph form.
PICOT Statement
Elderly patients under hypertension medication together with pharmacological interventions can be maintained in hospitals to improve their blood pressure and with understanding the background and culture of the patients will be of great help in dealing with hypertension. Comment by Doreen Farley: Letzy, I know that this is not the PICOT question that we decided on. What happened to the PICOT?
In patients with hypertension, does the use of meditation along with pharmacological interventions compared to medications alone improve blood pressure? This was the PICOT from out last discussion on 6-1-18
This paper is supposed to be double space only. I am not sure why there is so much space in between concepts.
Introduction
Background of the study
The purpose of the study was to evaluate analyze how patients using hypertension medication along with pharmacological interventions compared to medications alone improve blood pressure. The bottom line of the study was to evaluate how different opinions on hypertension and the treatment of the disease and how such opinions differ from one place to another especially due to the difference in culture or ethnicity of these groups. In addition, the study will be evaluated on what the proposed interventions would do to improve the adherence to these groups. Comment by Doreen Farley: The study evaluated…
The proposed interventions from the research on the two articles will be of importance to the nursing field. There is the need for the nurses to connect, care and convey treatment for various groups of patients in our diverse community. These include taking treatment to patients from different ethnic and racial groups. When it comes to hypertension, nurses have been faced with challenges .
The issue of medical aliteracy has drawn both scholars and medical practitioners’ attention in the recent years. The negative cost of medical aliteracy has continued to constitute major threats to health related issue which has resulted in high mortality rate, high medical expenditure and medical underperformance among others. On this premise the study examined the influence of medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel. The study employed descriptive research design and Chi-Square to test the research hypotheses. A total number of 50 questionnaires were designed to collect information from the sampled population through a random sampling. From the result of the analysis it was revealed that factors such as ineffective supervision of medical personnel, low patient literacy level, lack of personnel-patients engagement could lead to medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel. Senior medical personnel have the knowledge of medical aliteracy and its implications on for medical personnel and the public. Medical aliteracy has an implication on health sector performance which includes increase in mortality rate, increase health expenditure, widening of the gap between patients – medical personnel communication among others. Perception of medical aliteracy has significant influence on medical personnel performance. The study concluded that, medical aliteracy is prevalent among medical personnel and patients and is associated with many poor medical outcomes in the health sector. It was however recommended that medical literacy training, schemes and programmes should be designed according to the needs of the different medical personnel and should therefore be included in medical professional training programs.
Journal Article Analysis: Medication Errors in Overweight and Obese Pediatric...Paul Pasco
A journal article analysis ("journal club") I completed during an internship/Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) in medication safety at a hospital.
10 STRATEGIC POINTS 2
Ten Strategic Points
Grand Canyon University
DNP-815- O502: Scientific Underpinnings
10 Strategic Points Table
(Use this table to complete the 10 Strategic Points document for your project.)
10 Strategic Points
Comments/Feedback
Broad Topic Area
Impact of Medication Administration Errors on 3-4-Year-old Leukemia Patients
Literature Review
A. Verghese, A., Charlton, B., Kassirer, J. P., Ramsey, M., & Ioannidis, J. P. (2015). Inadequacies of physical examination as a cause of medical errors and adverse events: a collection of vignettes. The American journal of medicine, 128(12), 1322-1324.
The article looks at the “Inadequacies of physical examination as a cause of medical errors and adverse events: a collection of vignettes” from the American journal of medicine. It takes into consideration the fact that, the oversights in the corporeal assessment are a medical fault which aren’t studied via chart evaluation. Furthermore, the article states that these oversights in the corporeal assessments may be the primary contributors to the neglected or late diagnosis besides unnecessary exposure to contrast as well as radiation on the Leukemia patients. Either the authors indicate that the incorrect treatments resulting from these delays leads to unfavorable results like fainting on the Leukemia patient, lack of appetite on the side of the patient, worsening the Leukemia conditions which eventually can lead to early death of the patient.
B. Hockings, J. K., Owolabi, D. K., Broyles, J. E., & Wheelis, S. C. (2017). Impact of medication administration error on over 3 years Leukemia patients and the stimulating factors in acute leukemia and stem cell transplant patients. Supportive Care in Cancer, 25(6), 1853-1858.
The authors of this article explored the “Impact of medication administration error on over 3 years Leukemia patients and the stimulating factors in acute leukemia and stem cell transplant patients.” This article is from supportive care in cancer and it was retrieved from Google Scholar. The article authors acknowledge the fact that, the medication administration errors lead to severe impacts on the health conditions of the patient more especially the ones who are 3 – 4 years of Leukemia. According to the authors, the impacts associated with the medication administration errors may lead to worsening of the health condition of the patient, the rate of Leukemia advancement into higher stages may also increase with treatment or managing of this deadly disease being more complicated. The authors argue that using erroneous medicines, the Leukemia advancement increases without the knowledge of the patient which makes even the survival chances of the patient to reduce due to stress upon realizing that there was an error in his or her medication.
C. Douer, D. (2016). Efficacy and safety of vincristine sulfate liposome injection in the treatment of adult acute lymphocytic leukemia. The oncologist, 21(7), 840-847.
...
Genetic Testing Reduces Specialty Drug SpendWellDyne
An award-winning WellDyneRx study, recognized by the Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy, found that pharmacogenomics screening saved self-funded employers 5 percent in specialty drug claim costs.
Influence of medicare formulary restrictions on evidence based prescribing pr...TÀI LIỆU NGÀNH MAY
Để xem full tài liệu Xin vui long liên hệ page để được hỗ trợ
: https://www.facebook.com/thuvienluanvan01
HOẶC
https://www.facebook.com/garmentspace/
https://www.facebook.com/thuvienluanvan01
https://www.facebook.com/thuvienluanvan01
tai lieu tong hop, thu vien luan van, luan van tong hop, do an chuyen nganh
Complementary or alternative? The use of homeopathic products and antibiotics...home
Any intervention to reduce the inappropriate use of antibiotics for infections in
children has the potential to reduce the selective pressure on antimicrobial resistance and minimise
the medicalisation of self-limiting illness. Little is known about whether homeopathic products
might be used by some families as an alternative to antibiotics or the characteristics of such families.
We used the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) observational dataset to
explore the hypothesis that the use of homeopathic products is associated with reduced antibiotic
use in pre-school children and to identify characteristics of the families of pre-school children given
homeopathic products.
Methods: Questionnaires
study of compliance of diabetic patients to prescribed mediationTehreemRashid
This research comprises of data which depicts the prevalence of adherence to medication by diabetic patients and different factors that affect their compliance
. According to your textbook, Contrary to a popular misconception.docxmadlynplamondon
.
According to your textbook, “Contrary to a popular misconception in the West, homosexuality is not universally stigmatized. Based on the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample of 186 societies, Crapo (1995) found that only 31% of people stigmatized homosexual behavior, while the remainder either considered homosexual experimentation to be a normal developmental phase of preadult life (38%), accepted committed adult same-sex relationships as an alternative form of marriage (18%), or even required same-sex relationships among all males during a period that preceded their being permitted to marry heterosexually (12%)” (Crapo, 2013, p.161).
In America, the historical stigmatization of homosexuality is a product of (Points : 1)
enculturation.
cultural relativism.
minimalism.
universal moral values.
Question 2.
2.
Which of the following is an example of an
etic
statement about Americans? (Points : 1)
July 4th is a federal holiday, and I enjoy having the day off from work. I usually spend time with my family and hang out at the pool.
The Fourth of July is the day we adopted the Declaration of Independence, declaring our independence from the British in 1776. This had a huge impact on the entire course of history, leading to the Revolutionary War and the creation of the best country in the world, the United States of America.
The fireworks displays are my favorite part of the Fourth of July. I also march in the local parade.
Americans celebrate the 4th of July as the day they declared independence from colonial powers in 1776. Food is often cooked outside on grills, even though most houses have electric ovens inside. It is very hot outside in the middle of summer, and although many people have electronic cooling devices called air conditioners within their homes, much of the day is spent outside. At night, explosives are set off in community gatherings to celebrate this holiday. Remarkably, very few people are hurt during these displays.
Question 3.
3.
Which of the following is an example of an
etic
description of teen pregnancy in America? (Points : 1)
One of my friends in high school got pregnant in her sophomore year. She and the father decided to keep the baby, got married and just celebrated their 10thanniversary. They both finished college and have good jobs now. It just goes to show that people can overcome teen pregnancy and become successful parents.
Although popular opinion sometimes indicates otherwise, according to a statistical analysis from the US Department of Health and Services (2014), teen pregnancy rates have been steadily declining for the past twenty years. In America, most teenagers are not yet fully independent from their parents, as teenagers in other cultures sometimes are, so they are not ready to become parents. Since this issue has a huge impact on young women and men affected by it, this may account for the disparity between popular opinion and.
-How did artwork produced in America from 1945 to 1960 compare to ar.docxmadlynplamondon
-How did artwork produced in America from 1945 to 1960 compare to art made in Europe? Did the artwork change as the 20th century progressed? Include at least two (2) examples of artists and artworks to support your comparison. You do not need to include the image, but include artist name, title, media and date.
- Write 150 words, also cite the sources you use.
.
-Just thoughts and opinion on the reading-Consent and compen.docxmadlynplamondon
-Just thoughts and opinion on the reading
-Consent and compensation are two things that the Johns Hopkins doctors did not provide Henrietta Lacks. How are these ideas at odds?
-African Americans today face disparities in the health care system even today. How can Henrietta's story motivate change in our current system?
.
. The Questioned Documents Unit (QDU) provides forensic support .docxmadlynplamondon
. The Questioned Documents Unit (QDU) provides forensic support to federal, state and local law enforcement agencies by conducting examinations on evidence collected during their investigation as well as expert testimony concerning information contained in the reports. The Cryptanalysis and Racketeering Records Unit (CRRU) supports law enforcement by assisting in the analysis of cryptic communications such as codes found in letters, notes and diaries (FBI.gov).
After an individual is arrested, I will obtain fingerprints and photographs of the subject and complete a number of forms that are used to start a criminal file on the subject. I will use the Buccal Collection DNA test kit provided by the FBI on my subject. Once completed properly and submitted to the FBI, the kit will be sent to the Federal DNA Database Unit (FDDU). The FDDU will take the DNA test kit and upload it into NDIS creating a DNA profile for my subject. The subject’s DNA profile will be searched against unknown forensic profiles from crime scenes across the country. If my subject’s DNA matches with another crime from another state he can be charged for that crimes as well. In my opinion this is the most important service the FBI has. This allows all agencies to communicate and share information based off of DNA evidence. The flaw is that they need the criminal to be apprehended and processed in order for the DNA to be in the system.
In Knoxville Tennessee, FBI Emergency Response agents train how to excavate a body at the Body Farm. The agents pair up in teams with forensic anthropologists to learn how to best identify and excavate human remains to preserve the clues and pieces of evidence that decaying bodies may leave behind. The weeklong training gives agents step by step instructions while surprising the agents with twists and surprises during their excavations. This was very interesting to me because it helps put things into perspective. Teaches them to put the victim first, which will motivate them to slow down, be methodical with their techniques and be very thorough because it only can be done once.
respond to this discussion question 150 words
.
. What is it about the fundamental nature and structure of the Olym.docxmadlynplamondon
. What is it about the fundamental nature and structure of the Olympics that helps explain why the conflict arose and escalated?
b. Was the form of aggression displayed by the attackers hostile aggression or instrumental aggression? Explain your reasoning. (Note: you
must
make a decision between these alternatives and defend your decision.)
.
-Learning objectives for presentation-Brief background o.docxmadlynplamondon
-Learning objectives for presentation
-Brief background on theorist
-Relevance of the theory in current healthcare
-Appropriateness of theory to role of nurse practitioner
-Key concepts of theory
the theory "Madeleine Leininger transcultural nursing theory"
please include references and cite within the answers
.
-You will need to play a phone game Angry Birds (any version) to mak.docxmadlynplamondon
-You will need to play a phone game Angry Birds (any version) to make observation.
-Make an observation on how you must launch the birds in order to knock over the items.
-Pay attention to how the path of the birds (the projectiles) changes as you change the launch angle and how far back you pull the birds at launch.
-You will also need to complete the calculations in assignment.
Assignment file below...
.
. EDU 571 Week 5 Discussion 1 -
"Data Collection" Please respond to the following:
· Using your planned evaluation project, assume that the client paying for the evaluation has requested that you primarily use audio/visual interview and observation techniques. The client envisions using clips in the evaluation report and in marketing campaigns. Discuss the appropriateness, advantages, and disadvantages of using digital capabilities to capture sound, video, and photographs of the interviewees, focus groups, and observations. Provide reasons for opposing or supporting the request (partially or completely).
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·
EDU 571 Week 5 Discussion 2 -
"Benefits of Meta-Evaluation" Please respond to the following:
· Your client told you that a meta-evaluation should not be included in the plan or budget. Explain two (2) reasons for including a meta-evaluation in the evaluation plan. Recommend two (2) ways to reduce the costs.
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EDU 571 Week 3 Target of Program Evaluation Plan, Part 1 -
Target of Program Evaluation Plan, Part 1
Assignment 1 is the first part of a five-part project to plan the various elements of a program evaluation for education. Select a program target from your school district, workplace, (e.g., business training program) or your university (where you are a student). For you to gain the most from the assignment, you should select a program that you are interested in, would like to see evaluated, and are able to obtain information about. (Possible programs include: student assessment, teacher assessment, pay for student achievement, new teacher or employee training, online classrooms, anti-bullying, gender equity for girls in math and science, school to work, retention of at-risk students, and schools of choice (charter schools), etc.). As you develop the entire plan, gather information, and receive feedback from your professor (or others), you should revise and refine each part of the project. Think of your professor as your project evaluator and supervisor who will help guide you so that you produce an outstanding, well-developed evaluation plan for the stakeholders.
Write a 1000 words paper in which you:
1. Describe three (3) elements of a worthy object for program evaluation - its type, the department administrating it, and target population.
2. Describe the program's history, primary purpose(s), and / or expected outcomes.
3. Explain three (3) reasons for selecting the program (e.g., program's value or lack of it, issues surrounding it, age, relevance, cost, impact on students, etc.).
4. Discuss three (3) advantages of evaluating the program at this time.
5. Discuss two (2) major constraints in conducting an evaluation on this program and a method of addressing them.
6. Use at least three (3) peer-reviewed academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and many Websites do not qualify as academic resources. Peer-reviewed academic resources refer to articles and scholarly journals that are reviewe.
. What were the causes of World War II Explain how and why the Unit.docxmadlynplamondon
. What were the causes of World War II? Explain how and why the United States got involved in the war. Discuss the U.S. home front. How did women and minorities respond to the war? Explain the war in North Africa and Europe. Discuss the Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944. What was Adolf Hitler’s “final solution,” and what were the consequences of the Holocaust? How did the Allies end the war in Europe? Discuss the war in the Pacific. What proved to be an effective U.S. strategy in the Pacific? Analyze Harry Truman’s controversial decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan. What were the consequences of World War II?
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. Complete the prewriting for the progress reportPrewriting p.docxmadlynplamondon
. Complete the prewriting for the progress report:
Prewriting prepares you to write and helps you organize your ideas.
You may print the lesson and jot notes for yourself on the paper, or you may write notes on your own.
You do not have to submit prewriting for any points, but don't skip this important step!
2. Complete a draft of the progress report:
Remember to use the memo format style in typing this progress report.
This report should be two or more pages when you are completed.
The draft will be much shorter than your final report.
Follow a logical structure: introduction, what is finished, what is underway, what is left to do, and a conclusion.
Use specifics such as dates, proper names, numbers, costs, etc.
Include one or more visuals may such as pictures, graphs, charts, tables, etc.
.
-in Filomena by Roberta Fernandez the author refers to the Mexican r.docxmadlynplamondon
-in Filomena by Roberta Fernandez the author refers to the Mexican rituals for the day of the dead how is this celebration portrayed in the story?
-in "La doctora Barr" how does Mary Helen Ponce describe the traditional way Mexican-American women prepared for a childbirth in their community?
-how does Nilda feel about Sophies's presence in her home?
-how is bilingualism used in the story "Filomena"? Support your opinions with examples from the story
-describe the incident with the vanilla ice cream . Why was it so upsetting for Nilda?
.
-Write about a violent religious event in history.(Ex. Muslim ex.docxmadlynplamondon
-Write about a violent religious event in history.
(Ex. Muslim extremist acts in history, or the Christian crusades, etc.)
-Write about belief/reasoning/justification those certain people believe their actions have and affects of...
-(Identity)They're view of the world and themselves. Is it rationale or is it a problem. Why?
5-pages minimum
4-scholarly sources min. 2 of 4 book sources Need Dec. 2nd by 9pm.
.
-This project is an opportunity to demonstrate the ability to analyz.docxmadlynplamondon
-This project is an opportunity to demonstrate the ability to analyze and write about music with clarity and purpose. Assume the role of a reviewer/critic who is applying for a job writing a music column for a progressive weblog catering to readers who on average have at least a bachelor's degree and are concerned with issues of justice and equality
-The CD reviewed is one that will allow reflection about how music can provide people the opportunity to imagine the lives and experiences of others different from oneself. Questions to guide reflection while listening should include:
1. Who are the peoples performing the music or who is the music about?
2.What type of life is presented through the music's lyrics and musical sound?
3.What themes or issues are presented by the music?
4. How do the various musical selections relate to each other?
5.What can be learned about people by listening to this CD?
6.Why should other people listen to this music?
-A list of CDs is available for this assignment. CDs may be downloaded for a fee from a preferred site.
-The review will need to include:
1.CD title, artist, genre, release date, etc
2.Background information about the artist or artists for those who may not be familiar.
-The review should be between 800 and 1000 words.
-Conventions of good writing (e.g., correct grammar, spelling, appropriate use of quotations, unctuation) should be observed throughout this project. Moreover, it is important to consider the audience and write in a style that is appropriate. Quotations or information from a primary or secondary source should be cited correctly using APA, Turabian, or MLA.
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-7 Three men are trapped in a cave with no hope of rescue and no foo.docxmadlynplamondon
-7 Three men are trapped in a cave with no hope of rescue and no food. They roll dice to determine who will be killed and eaten by the others so that some may survive. The two survivors are unexpectedly rescued 10 days later and tried for murder. Judge A finds them guilty, saying that the unjustifiable killing of another is against the homicide laws of State X. He bases his decision solely on statutory law and case precedents interpreting the law. To which school of legal thought does Judge A belong? Explain.
2-8 Basing his decision on the same set of facts as given in Problem 2-7, Judge B rules that the survivors are not guilty because they were cut off from all civilized life, and in such a situation, the laws of nature apply, not manmade laws. To which school of legal thought does Judge B belong? Explain.
2-9 Basing her decision on the same set of facts as given in Problem 2-7, Judge C rules that the two survivors are not guilty because, according to a scientific survey of the community by a professional polling organization, the public believes that the survivors’ actions were defensible. To which school of legal thought does Judge C belong? Explain.
2-10 Imagine you are a sitting federal judge, and this case comes before you. A woman (x) charges another woman (y) with rape. Both have been partners for a five-year period. Both presently live in different states within the United States. Who would you decide the case in favor of? Explain, using one of the schools of thought outlined in this chapter.
2-11 Madison and his adult son lived in a house owned by Madison. At the request of the son, Marshall painted the house. Madison did not authorize the work, but he knew that it was being done and raised no objection. However, Madison refused to pay Marshall, arguing that he had not contracted to have the house painted. Marshall asked his attorney if Madison was legally liable to pay him. The attorney told Marshall that, in their state, several appellate court opinions had established that when a homeowner allows work to be done on his home by a person who would ordinarily expect to be paid, a duty to pay exists. The attorney stated that, on the basis of these precedents, it was advisable for Marshall to bring a suit to collect the reasonable value of the work he had done. Explain what the attorney meant by precedent and why the fact that precedent existed was significant.
2-12 Smith was involved in litigation in California. She lost her case in the trial court. She appealed to the California appellate court, arguing that the trial court judge had incorrectly excluded certain evidence. To support her argument, she cited rulings by the Supreme Court of North Dakota and the Supreme Court of Ohio. Both the North Dakota and Ohio cases involved facts that were similar to those in Smith’s case. Does the California court have to follow the decisions from North Dakota and Ohio? Support your answer.
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-1. Are the three main elements of compensation systems—internal.docxmadlynplamondon
-1.
Are the three main elements of compensation systems—internal consistency, market competitiveness, and recognizing employee contributions—equally important, or do you believe that they differ in importance? If different, which do you believe is most important? Least important? Give your rationale.
use 1 online reference and
Martocchio, J. (2017). Strategic Compensation: A human resource management approach (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
.
- What are the key differences between national health service (.docxmadlynplamondon
- What are the key differences between national health service (NHS) and national health insurance (NHI) systems?
- How do NHI and NHS systems compare with the health care system in the United States?
- How do most countries with similar levels per capita income differ from and resemble the United States with respect to provider payments, coordination of care, workforce and information technology, and health system performance?
Cite at least 2 peer reviewed journal/article. Write in APA format
.
--Describe and analyze the ways in which Alfons Heck’s participation.docxmadlynplamondon
--Describe and analyze the ways in which Alfons Heck’s participation in the Hitler Youth and in the culture of Nazism served to craft his sense of purpose and identity. How are the acts of writing and reflection in his memoir also a means of crafting an identity for himself many decades later? A Child of Hitler: Germany in the Days when God Wore a Swastika Book by Alfons Heck All papers must be 2-4 pages in length, computer-printed, and double-spaced with one-inch margins. Use an appropriate citation style (either footnotes or internal citations).
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------ Watch an online speechpresentation of 20 minutes or lo.docxmadlynplamondon
------
Watch an online speech/presentation of 20 minutes or longer.
( please cite the presentation you would use)
Write a speech analysis essay of
2-3 pages
I: List the speaker, date, location, & topic, and describe the audience. Describe each of these elements and analyze the effect that each of these elements had on the speaker and/or speech.
II: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of each part of the speaker's introduction (attention getter, revelation of topic, statement of credibility, statement of central idea, preview of main points).
III: Summarize each of the speaker's main points. What pattern of organization did the speaker utilize? Was this effective? Why or why not?
IV: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of the evidence/supporting material that the speaker used.
V: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of the speaker's language.
VI: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of the speaker's delivery.
VII: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of each part of the speaker's conclusion.
.
) Florida National UniversityNursing DepartmentBSN.docxmadlynplamondon
)
Florida National University
Nursing Department
BSN Program
NUR 4636-Community Health Nursing
Prof. Eddie Cruz, RN MSN
Please choose one infectious disease or communicable disease and present a 1,000 words essay including the follow;
Name of the disease including agents that cause Infectious/Communicable Disease, the mode of contamination or how it is spread.
The modes of prevention applying the three levels of prevention with at least one example of each one.
Prevalence and control of the condition according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) including morbidity and mortality.
Implications of the disease in the community and the role of the community health nurse in the control and prevention of the disease.
The essay must be presented in a Word Document, APA format, Arial 12 font attached to the forum in the tab of the Discussion Question title “Infections/Communicable disease essay” and in the assignment tab under the exercise title “SafeAssign infectious/communicable disease”. A minimum of 3 references no older than 5 years must be used. If you use any reference from any website make sure they are reliable sites such as CDC, NIH, Institute of Medicine, etc.
There is a rubric attached to the assignment for your guidance.
Below please see the definitions of infectious disease and communicable disease. They are similar but differ in some characteristics.
Infectious diseases
are disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Many organisms live in and on our bodies. They're normally harmless or even helpful. But under certain conditions, some organisms may cause
disease
. Some
infectious diseases
can be passed from person to person.
Communicable
, or infectious
diseases
, are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi that can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. Some are transmitted through bites from insects while others are caused by ingesting contaminated food or water.
.
- Please answer question 2 at the end of the case.- cita.docxmadlynplamondon
- Please answer
question 2
at the end of the case.
- citations and references in
IEEE
style
( at least two)
- your answer should be in regards to the case
+
regarding the question itself.
Do it twice ( two different copies)
.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
DNP- TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE- BASED PRACTICE 2DNP.docx
1. DNP- TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE-
BASED PRACTICE 2
DNP- TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE-
BASED PRACTICE 2
DNP-Translational Research and Evidence-Based Practice
DNP-820-O501: Translational Research and Evidence-Based
Practice
Grand Canyon University
September 26, 2019
DNP-Translational Research and Evidence-Based Practice
Introduction of the Identified Subtheme
The role of medical administration has advanced lately and
become more demanding and time-consuming task leading to
high possibility error due to the complexity of the medication
administration. The fact remains that the patient relies on other
people who control their life to keep them alive. It has led to
the significant impact of young children suffering from
leukemia when physicians administer the wrong drugs or cause
an error on prescriptions.
2. Medication administration error is not a unique thing according
to the review articles. Upon review of the identified items, most
of the research concentrated on the after effect of the wrong
administration while others focus on the process that leads to
incorrect prescriptions leading to more sickness and problem on
the children. One of the significant contents is the damage to
the cognitive development of the children even after successful
treatment. It shows that the moment a child is given the wrong
drug other than the one to treat leukemia, it led to slow
development of motor skills even after the change of the
medication.
Another content identified is the ability to cope with pain due to
medication error. The articles focus on the panic caused to the
children under five-year old now changing the medication and
prolonged time to take the actual drug. Another significant
effort of error in drug administration include an increased rate
of fungal and bacterial infection on young children developing a
life-threatening disease. It shows that medical error on young
children suffering from leukemia lacks enough blood cell,
especially white blood cell to fight other the wrong drug in the
blood leading to high risk of additional infection. Another
impact includes difficult in developing adaptive function
compared with other children of the same age group. It led to
the loss information process even after recovering from
leukemia.
Error in the administration of the right medication in children
suffering from leukemia is highly associated with cancer.
Wrong medicine administers to children mostly led to cancer
since the children have no capabilities of fighting the drug on
their own leading to worsening of the leukemia conditions.
Given the presence of a parent in raising the children, medical
administration error also leads to post-traumatic stress to the
parents and guardian since they fear the children may fail to
recover or lead to other mental problems.
Summary of the Research Question Posed by the Studies
Some issues include the process of prescribing, dispensing, and
3. parental administration of these drugs to children below the age
of five years receiving treatment for leukemia. To determine the
kind and rate of medication error on patient leading to the
various implications of the children’s healthy status. Another
includes evaluating the impact of the implementation of the
medical safety practice for children receiving treatment from
leukemia, to investigate the motor skills difficulties in children
who experience an error in medical administration. To evaluate
the ability of the children who encounter an error in medical
administration in developing adaptive function compare with his
peers in the same group age.
Other focus on the risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia in
children who experiences an error in medical administration
after prolonged exposure to the wrong drug. Other focus on the
risk of developing a life-threatening infection such as bacterial
and fungal due to children who experience an error in medical
administration. To determine the presence of post-traumatic
stress on the parents and family member due to error in medical
administration experience in their children receiving treatment
for leukemia.
Another focus on examining memories of childhood leukemia
after surviving the trauma of wrong medication administrated.
Furthermore, there is the question of investigating the white
matter microstructure after the children who experience an error
in medical administration. Moreover, there is the problem of
pain caused by the children who experience a fault in medical
administration. The question focuses on the physical, emotional,
and social.
Summary of the Sample Population Used
Depending on the objective of every research studies, the
authors used a different sample size to achieve the goal of the
aim. Most of the sample size focus on children who are below
five years and either receiving treatment or have had an
experience of error in medical administration during his or her
treatment. Other focus on the parents and guardian
responsibilities in administrating outpatient who are their
4. children to identify some effects experienced with the children
in the process.
Most of the preview articles had a sample population of between
thirty and one hundred and fifty leukemic children who are
receiving treatment and those who have completely healed from
leukemia but have experienced an error in medical
administration. It also includes the same number of family’s
member who represented the children. They provided viable
information on how the situation happens to reach to the point
of error in medication administration, the impact of the
circumstance and what they went through since most of the
children might not be a position to express themselves.
Some articles included at least one hundred medical staff and
physician dealing with treatment and administration of medicine
to children suffering from leukemia. The sample used to
understand some complication caused to the children due to
children being given the wrong prescription. Other sampled the
medical record that existed in a patient treated with leukemia
who suffered from wrong medication to identifies some impacts
that were recorded by the health care facilitates for a specific
period.
Summary of the Limitation of the Studies
Depending on the research and methodology used to conduct the
studies and analysis of the result, the researchers experienced
different limitation. Some limitations in the article review
include the reduction in the number of children who
experienced an error in medical administration. Most of the
researcher was unable to generalize the results on the impact of
the medication administration error simple the sample size was
limited. The sample size collected for the study was also based
on one or two geographic areas limiting the capability of the
researcher to compare the outcome of the studies in a different
location that can enable to them generalize the result across the
nation or the world.
Some studies were limited because the objectives had one-point
design while others used longitudinal assessments, making it
5. difficult to understand the development of the circumstance in
children suffering from leukemia. According to most of the
sample test, they experienced a one-time error in the medical
administration, making it difficult to examine the impact of the
medication administration errors on children receiving
treatment from leukemia.
Other studies experienced a limitation in research due to the
short-term observation period between the moment the children
administered with the wrong drug and the physician or parents
realize the mistakes. There was little time to have a definite
impact related to medication error and adverse drug events
limiting the collection of validating and reliable evidence about
the real effects of the medication error. This led to biases and
assumptions of the result provided affecting the quality of the
research conduct.
Other infection that children may be suffering from beside
leukemia served as a limitation due to lack of sources of the
problems. Inability to differentiate the causes that lead to
various impact after medication error due to children suffering
from other infection lead to bias related to adverse drug events.
In some studies, the sample size was modified due to their
ability to effectively contribute in the process due to their age
and parents’ condition of involving their children in studies
preventing detection of small differences in the impact seen due
to medication error. The difference between patient sample size
and the period speed since experiencing the medication error
prevented the researcher from collecting viable information
about the impact of medication error.
Another major limitation experienced by most of the researcher
in the study of the impact of medication error on young children
receiving treatment for leukemia is the lack of compliance by
the sample population selected. The nature and behavior of
young children below five years showed little or no compliance
with the researcher in providing the right information. The
parent also expresses no compliance with the studies due to the
fear of exposing their children healthy statue and due to the
6. phycological problems passed through due to childhood illness
or effect of medication error. Medical staff and doctors show
less compliance with studies as they fear to exposure of their
negligence in administrating drug to small children and other
patients. There was also no compliance with the administration
to provide the record of cases reported in medication error with
fear of exposing their hospital negligence and irregularities of
administration.
Most of the studies used pre- and post-experimental methods to
analyze the impact of a medication error that was based under
various assumption limiting the effectiveness of the study. For
example, most study focus on the medical record of the children
before medication error and after medication error that can
handle vary due to other infection and circumstance, resulting
in different results. Other expected compliance of the parent to
administer the drug to the children to evaluate the impact which
cannot be measured if the fallowed the instruction given the
whole period of the study.
Summary of the Research Methodologies
Most of the studies used quasi-experimental research involving
both the pre- and post-intervention with a control sample.
Others include cross-sectional study, retrospective study,
comparative study, and qualitative study. Random or
straightforward sampling method was used to select the sample
population to cover in the primary studies. The data was
collected through the administered questionnaire, semi-
structured interview, and review of previous records. The
collected information was analyzed using statistical analysis
tools, thematic analysis magnitude of error of the outcome.
Summary of the Results
Depending on the different research objectives and purpose of
the studies, most of the articles review show a positive effect in
establishing the impact of medication error administrated to
children suffering from leukemia. Among the result shows that
there are negative effects of the medication error on the
children, with the problems such as severe pain, brain
7. development problem, slow development in motor skills, slow
in developing adaptive functions, and cancer. In addition, there
were negative financial impacts on the parents as well as
negative emotional effects, causing post-traumatic stress to
immediate families.
Summary of the Conclusion and Recommendations for Further
Research
According to the result provide, medication administration error
affect almost one-fourth of the children under the age of five
years receiving treatment for leukemia. The studies identify the
primary effect of medication error as the prolonged time to heal
from leukemia, and it also led to the development of cancer
since most of the children are in early stages of leukemia cancer
in children. Failure to administer the right drug improve the risk
of the child to be infected with other diseases and infection due
to their low immune system to fight the wrong medication in
their system. The studies found out that children increase the
risk of bacterial and fungal infection.
The articles review also conclude that medication error to
children result in severe pain as the child tries to fight the drugs
in the body. Studies also find out that prolonged administration
of the wrong drug affects the growth and development of the
children. Most of the children experimented show slow
development of motor skill and adaptive function compared to
other children who suffered from leukemia but administered
with the right medication.
Most of the studies recommend for studies at the effective
intervention that will reduce the impact of medication error
among the children. Further research needs to be conducted
using an ample sample and multi-method approaches that will
help in generalizing the result of the impact of the medication
error in the world. A relevant study needs to conduct that
focuses on the significant effect of medication administration
error on the healthy condition of children suffering from
leukemia. Another review recommends further research on the
influence of medication error on parents and immediate family
8. to understand the whole consequence. Other recommends
conducting the same research using a different sample
population and different methodologies to compare the result.
More research needs to perform to identify the leading cause of
medication error to establish a solution to the problem and
reduce the impact felt by young children.
References
Darling, S. J., De Luca, C., Anderson, V., McCarthy, M.,
Hearps, S., & Seal, M. L. (2018). White matter microstructure
and information processing at the completion of chemotherapy-
only treatment for pediatric acute lymphoblastic
leukemia. Developmental neuropsychology, 43(5), 385-402.
Geng, C., Moteabbed, M., Xie, Y., Schuemann, J., Yock, T., &
Paganetti, H. (2015). Assessing the radiation-induced second
cancer risk in proton therapy for pediatric brain tumors: the
impact of employing a patient-specific aperture in pencil beam
scanning. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 61(1), 12.
Hallböök, H., Gustafsson, G., Smedmyr, B., Söderhäll, S.,
Heyman, M., & Swedish Adult Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
Group and the Swedish Childhood Leukemia Group. (2016).
Treatment outcome in young adults and children> 10 years of
age with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Sweden: a comparison
between a pediatric protocol and an adult
protocol. Cancer, 107(7), 1551-1561.
Mulatsih, S., & Iwan Dwiprahasto, S. (2018). Implementation of
medication safety practice in childhood acute lymphoblastic
leukemia treatment. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention:
APJCP, 19(5), 1251.
9. Murphy, B. R., Roth, M., Kolb, E. A., Alonzo, T., Gerbing, R.,
& Wells, R. J. (2019). Development of acute lymphoblastic
leukemia following treatment for acute myeloid leukemia in
children with Down syndrome: A case report and retrospective
review of Children's Oncology Group acute myeloid leukemia
trials. Pediatric blood & cancer, e27700.
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Practice Hours Completion Statement DNP-820
I, (Bola Odusola-Stephen), verify that I have completed (10)
clock hours in association with the goals and objectives for this
assignment. I have also tracked said practice hours in the
Typhon Student Tracking System for verification purposes and
will be sure that all approvals are in place from my faculty and
practice mentor.
Psych 149: Community Psychology
Praxis Assignment: Day of Social Justice
11. Social-community psychology strives for praxis, or an embodied
theory. Partly because of this emphasis, there are many values
that are at the forefront of community psychology. As outlined
in chapter 3 of your text, these values encompass three broad
areas: personal, relational, and collective well-being. One
collective value is social justice, or “the fair and equitable
allocation of bargaining powers, obligations, and resources in
society” (Nelson & Prilleltensky, 2010, p. 63, labeled
“distributive justice” here but “social justice” on p. 70). You
will attempt to live one full day embodying social justice to the
highest degree possible. It is essential to think about how this
value relates to how you behave toward others.Use the question
from your book: “Does [this behavior/action] promote “the fair
and equitable allocation of bargaining powers, obligations, and
resources in society” (Nelson & Prilleltensky, 2010, pp. 70)?”
Also, social justice is linked to the value of accountability.To
minimize social reactivity, please do not tell others about the
class assignment until after you have turned in your paper on
Jan 31.
Part I: Participate in a Day of Social Justice
Your challenge is to live each minute of a 24 hour period
embodying social justice as much as possible. For 24 hours, you
should do your best not to use unearned privilege
, not participate in oppression, and to enact egalitarian power
structures. When participating in this day, examine all your
behavior -- from what you wear to getting to class to eating
lunch to interacting with other people. As you do this, think
carefully about each and every thing you do and ask yourself
the following questions: “What are the social justice
implications of what I am doing?” Do not limit yourself to
“easy” things like giving an elderly person a seat on the bus
even though you got there first; think about social injustice in
the world, and strive for the greatest impact and deepest level of
social justice without being phony or insincere. You are to
operationalize social justice, and to decide how best to strive
12. toward it, but in ways consistent with the definition. Be sure to
operationalize the construct, or decide on the behaviors that
embody social justice, before you begin your 24 hour period
(see reverse side for more detail).
Part II: Write About Your Experience
At the beginning of class on Cot 17, turn in a social-community
psychology analysis of what the day was like (no less than one
and no more than two typewritten pages using 12-point font and
1" margins; you may use double spacing or 1.5 spacing if you
need more room). Here are the questions you must address:
· How did you choose to behaviorally operationalize social
justice? How does this operationalization relate to the definition
of social justice? (8 points) (Note: See reverse side for more
detail.)
· Who were the recipients of your efforts and why? (8 points)
· How did others respond to your efforts at enacting social
justice? (6 points)
· Was the “Day of Social Justice you” different from the
“normal you?” If so, what are the situational/environmental
factors that create these differences? If not, what are the
situational/environmental factors that facilitate this consistency
for you? (10 points) (Note: see reverse side for more detail.)
· What are the psychological costs and benefits of behaving in a
socially just way? In your view, do the benefits outweigh the
costs? Why or why not? (8 points)
· How does this exercise relate to your own accountability,
privilege, or oppression (choose one)? (10 points) (Note: see
reverse side for more detail.)
Further explanation
To operationalize your construct, you need to figure out how
you might embody it. Make this link explicit. For example, if
we were focused on the personal value of caring and
compassion, I might operationalize that value by saying that I
show care and compassion by engaging in the following
13. behaviors: (1) smiling and saying hello to everyone I pass that
day, (2) calling my friends and asking them how they are doing,
and listening without interrupting, bringing up my own issues,
or offering advice, and (3) eating only vegan foods that had
been picked or processed by people who were paid a living
wage and who were not exposed to pesticides. These are related
to caring and compassion because these behaviors demonstrate
care and concern for the physical (#3) and psychological (#1-3)
well-being of others. Notice that my three behaviors are
specific, concrete, and they provide a blueprint that anyone else
could follow. Your operationalization should have the same
characteristics. [Note: Do not use any of these examples when
you operationalize social justice! They are not appropriate
because caring and compassion is an individual-level value, and
social justice is collective value. Come up with your own
operationalization that is consistent with the text’s definition of
social justice and that is collective in nature.]
Situational and environmental factors refer to those things in
the context that shape behavior. Think about how people are
generally quiet in a library and talkative in a café. There might
be the same number of people in both places, sitting at tables,
but the environmental factors facilitate different kinds of
behavior (being quite and working alone on academic work
versus visiting and talking about any number of academic or
non-academic things). You might also think about classrooms
where desks are clustered together versus classrooms where the
desks are all facing forward and bolted down. Here, situational
factors might facilitate small group cooperation in the former
case and independent working in the latter case. You might also
think about social structures and how they position us within
Dominator Culture. Refer to readings for 10/3, 10/10, & 10/15.
When thinking about accountability, privilege, or oppression,
refer to readings and the discussion for 10/3 & 10/15. You
might ask yourself: What was easy to do and why? What was
hard to do and why? Who and/or what is affected (think
14. broadly) by what I am doing? What processes had to occur or
what did other people do that now enable me to do this? What
larger impact will my actions have? If it is true that I do not
always behave in ways that are consistent with social justice,
why is that? For example, what if I cannot afford, or do not
know where to look for, or simply cannot find vegan food that
is picked or processed by people who are paid a living wage and
are not exposed to pesticides, but what if I can easily smile and
say “hi” to people? What if I find it easier to smile and say hi to
women versus men, or to younger people versus older people, or
to students versus faculty? How do these “facts” relate to my
social positioning, which informs my accountability, privilege,
or oppression? (See the questions above.)
Tips from TAs
1.) In line with Gina's first suggestion for doing well in this
class: Be well read! That means reading the prompt carefully as
well. Readings that may assist you with the Praxis assignment:
The sample praxis paper available on Canvas, the assigned
reading by Langhout et al. 2013 “The praxis assignment:
Experiential learning in a large social-community psychology
class” (several examples of assignments provided in this
article), “Principles for Action” beginning on Page 65 of the
textbook, Chapter 4 Levels of analysis and the ecological
metaphor, Pages 26-31 in the textbook “Oppression, Liberation
and Well-being: the 'Big Picture' of Community Psychology” &
“Issues and Problems”
2) Avoid charity approaches and the “savior syndrome” (i.e.
“helping” people or groups or communities, especially ones you
have never connected with. Furthermore, simply
acknowledging/ speaking with oppressed individuals or groups
is NOT part of enacting social justice. That might be social, but
that's not justice.)
3.) Get creative, and think outside the box. This assignment is
15. about praxis – embodied theory and reflection. It's important
that you strive your best to come up with a theory of change
that can translate into action(s) (i.e. your operationalization).
Note that once you apply your theory, there may be many
unexpected outcomes – and that's ok! Take this as an
opportunity to reflect and get critical as you write your paper.
4.) Don't stress the “24-hour” aspect of the assignment – this
guideline is to encourage you to immerse yourself in
Community Psychology's “social justice” lens of the world. It
might seem difficult because it is! That's an important part of
the assignment – ask yourself: why is it so difficult?
5.) Simply raising awareness in most cases does not fit with the
Community Psychology definition of social justice.
� This assignment is inspired by Scott Plous’s assignment,
“Social Psychology Day of Compassion” at Wesleyan
University.
� Privilege is structural, and so it cannot be “put on” and
“taken off” at will. Nevertheless, people can choose to collude
with or work against privilege. For more information, see the
now defunct journal, Race Traitor, which can be found on line.
The same critique can be applied to oppression within
Dominator Culture.
Praxis Assignment – Day of Social Justice
Social justice is “the fair and equitable allocation of bargaining
16. powers, obligations, and resources in
society” (Nelson & Prilleltensky, 2005, pp. 65). For my social
justice day, I operationalized this term as
contacting as many people as I could, within a 24 hour period,
to ask them to vote against Proposition 8. I
chose this because marriage brings with it many resources, such
as access to health care, social security,
and retirement benefits for partners. Having one group of
people systematically unable to access these
kinds of resources is not fair or equitable, and therefore, not
socially just.
I began my day by volunteering for a local phone bank for 3
hours. I was calling people in the
northern California central valley area. I thought it was
important to call people who weren’t along the
coast because I thought more people would already be against
Prop 8 in the coastal regions. I also decided
to strike up a conversation about Prop 8 with everyone I talked
to on this same day.
When I was phone banking, many people hung up on me, but
some were receptive and sympathetic.
One woman told me I was going to go to hell, but others told me
to keep making calls and that this was an
important issue. I went back and forth between feeling defeated
17. and energized. I made sure to end the day
on a positive call, even though it meant staying an extra 10
minutes. I had more difficulty when talking to
people face to face. I don’t normally talk about politics with my
friends. I was surprised by my
stereotypes of who supported and who was against Prop 8. Also,
a few friends assumed that my talking
about Prop 8 meant that I was queer but was not out. One friend
teased me by calling me a slur. I went
back and forth in my mind, and finally told this friend that I
was talking about Prop 8 for a class
assignment. I think I felt too threatened to let it go.
The day of social justice me was different from the everyday me
because I made it a point to talk
about something political (Prop 8) with everyone that day, and I
did phone banking, which I had never
done before. I was uncomfortable talking with some of my
friends and I found myself avoiding certain
people because I didn’t want to have the conversation with some
of these people (including my dad). It
was easier to talk to some people than others. For example,
talking to people in a class where we had
talked about LGBT issues was easier than talking to people on
the shuttle. I had a connection with my
18. classmates, created by certain situational factors (what had been
covered in class). This leads me to
believe that if I were in situations where I talked about political
issues more often, it would become easier
to talk about political issues with at least this subgroup of
people. Also, because I’m straight, this issue
does not directly affect me; that makes it easier for me to ignore
it. Given that I’m not very politically
active (but I do vote!), this is a situational factor that creates a
difference between the regular me and the
social justice me.
I can’t easily say if the benefits outweigh the costs of being the
“social justice me.” For one, I was
avoiding certain people, who I do consider to be my friends.
That is a cost to me because I like my
friends. On the other hand, it felt good to call people and help
them to become more informed about Prop
8. I was able to dispel some myths and a few people told me
that they would re-think their positions!
When considering benefits and costs, I need to think about the
question, “To whom?” I was
uncomfortable in some situations, so there was a social cost to
19. me and maybe my friends. On the other
hand, if talking more openly about these issues would mean
fewer votes for Prop 8, then that would be a
benefit to the LGBT community as well as our society at large.
So, in sum, there were more costs for me
but more benefits for society.
This exercise relates to my privilege and accountability because
I am straight. It should be part of my
responsibility to talk to people in straight communities about
these issues. I can’t expect the LGBT
community to educate everyone straight, so this is an act of
solidarity. Even so, there were people I chose
not to talk to, meaning that I wasn’t ready to fully challenge
myself. I never put myself in a position
where I thought many people would assume I was queer, call me
names, and ridicule me because of it.
Overall, I must remember that with privilege, comes
accountability.