This document summarizes and compares several popular distributed database technologies: MySQL Cluster, MariaDB Galera Cluster, and Percona XtraDB Cluster. All three use synchronous multi-master replication and share-nothing architectures. MySQL Cluster has additional features like auto-sharding but lacks automatic node provisioning. Both MariaDB Galera Cluster and Percona XtraDB Cluster provide automatic node provisioning and support only SQL, while MySQL Cluster supports both SQL and NoSQL APIs. Performance tests show Galera generally outperforms NDB with fewer threads but NDB scales better as threads increase.

1. Travel through some
popular Distributed
Databases
Sagar Chaturvedi

2. Agenda
• MySQL cluster overview
• MariaDB Galera cluster overview
• Percona XtraDB cluster overview
• Features Comparison
• Performance Comparison

3. MySQL Cluster - Introduction
• A technology providing clustering for MySQL database.
• NDB(Network Database) engine combines with MySQL
database.
• Shared nothing architecture with no single point of failure.
Type: RDBMS
Documentation: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/mysql-cluster.html
License Type GPL (Community Edition)
Last Release Date 12th March,2013(7.2.12)
Release Frequency 1 month approximately
Mailing List/Community support http://lists.mysql.com/cluster
Major Applications/Users
PayPal, Telenor, Alcatel Lucent,Big Fish, AT & T,US Navy
Stability Stable version "7.2.12".

4. MySQL Cluster - Analysis
Merits –
• Auto Sharding
• Replication (Synchronous and Asynchronous
both)
• Shared nothing architecture
• SQL and NoSQL APIs(REST,HTTP, Java, C++,
JavaScript etc)
• GUI Manager available
• Supports multiple platforms e.g. Windows, Linux,
Solaris, Mac OS X
Demerits –
• No automatic node provisioning

5. MySQL Cluster - Architecture

6. MariaDB Galera Cluster -
Introduction
• A technology providing clustering for MariaDB database.
• Galera library is combined with MariaDB database using
replication APIs.
• Synchronous multi-master cluster.
Type:
RDBMS
Documentation:
https://kb.askmonty.org/en/galera/
http://www.codership.com/wiki/doku.php
License Type
GPL
Last Release Date
5th March,2013(5.5.29)
Release Frequency
3 months approximately
Mailing List/Community support
https://lists.launchpad.net/maria-discuss/
Major Applications/Users
Hybris, Drupal commerce, Typo 3,Asterisk VoiP
Stability
Stable version "5.5.29".

7. MariaDB Galera Cluster -
Analysis
Merits -
• Synchronous replication
• Multi-master topology : Each node can read and
write on any other node
• Read and write to any cluster node
• Automatic node provisioning
Demerits –
• Available only for Linux.
• Only SQL support.
• No GUI manager

8. MariaDB Galera Cluster -
Architecture

9. Percona XtraDB Cluster -
Introduction
• A high availability and high scalability solution for
Percona/MySQL users.
• Integrates Percona/MySQL Server with the Galera
library.
Type:
RDBMS
Documentation:
http://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtradb-cluster/index.html
License Type
GPL
Last Release Date
17th April,2013(5.5.30-23.7.4)
Release Frequency
2 months approximately
Mailing List/Community support
https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!forum/percona-discussion
Major Applications/Users
Ask.com, BBC, cisco, StumbleUpon
Stability
Stable version "5.5.30-23.7.4".

10. Percona XtraDB Cluster -
Analysis
Merits -
• Synchronous replication. Transaction either
committed on all nodes or none.
• Multi-master replication. You can write to any node.
• Automatic node provisioning
• No central management. You can loose any node at
any point of time.
Demerits –
• Overhead of joining new node. The new node has to
copy full dataset from one of existing nodes.
• Available only for Linux.
• Only SQL support.
• No GUI manager

11. Percona XtraDB Cluster -
Architecture

12. Features Comparison
Software
Name
GUI
manager
Replication
Automatic
Node
Provisioni
ng
Auto
sharding(
Auto
Partitionin
g of
tables)
APIs
Platforms
supported
Multi
Master
Topolo
gy
Latency
over WAN
Backup
Mechanis
m
Provided
MySQL
cluster
Yes(Commer
cial)
Synchronou
s/Asynchro
nous
No Yes
SQL/No
SQL
Linux,Windows
,Mac OS X,
Solaris
No High yes
MariaDB
Galera
Cluster
No
Synchronou
s
Yes No SQL Linux Yes Low yes
Percona
XtraDB
cluster
No
Synchronou
s
Yes No SQL Linux Yes Low yes

13. Performance Comparison
• MySQL cluster uses NDB engine
while MariaDB Galera and Percona
XtraDB cluster use Galera engine. So
performance comparison is provided
between NDB and Galera.
• We will be analyzing performances in
2 different cases –
 When 2 Nodes are used
 When 4 Nodes are used

14. Performance Comparison –
With 2 nodes
• Performance of Galera is better than NDB.
• Galera performance drops as number of threads
increase.
• NDB performance increases with no of threads.

15. Performance Comparison –
With 4 nodes
• Performance of Galera is better than NDB when threads are
less.
• Performance of NDB increases consistently as number of
threads increase.
• When no of threads are 512, performance of NDB is better
than Galera as shown in the red circled areas of above
diagrams.

16. Thank You!!!