This document summarizes a student's thesis on deployment techniques in wireless sensor networks. It discusses three techniques studied: indoor robot navigation, debris-flow observation, and environment surveillance. For each application, the document outlines the challenges, problem formulations, deployment procedures, and performance evaluations. It concludes by discussing future work and publications resulting from the thesis research.

1. Deployment Techniques in
Wireless Sensor Networks with
Guaranteed Coverage and
Lifetime
Student: Chun-Han Lin
Advisor: Prof. Chung-Ta King

2. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Crossbow Mica2
Sense: light, motion, temperature, magnetic fields, gravity, humidity,
vibration, pressure, electrical fields, sound, ...
2 2011/8/11

3. Project Testbed
http://www.csail.mit.edu/
http://fiji.eecs.harvard.edu
/Volcano
Harvard moteLab
COMMON Sense project
http://www2.ece.ohio-state.edu/~ekici/
http://db.csail.mit.edu/
3 2011/8/11

4. Importance of Deployment Technique
 Coverage
 Detection ratio
 Connectivity
 Fault tolerance
 …
 Lifetime
 Energy
 Maintenance
 Deployment cost
4 2011/8/11

5. Design of Deployment Technique
 Various WSN systems
 Different requirements
 Developing 3 techniques
 Indoor robot navigation
 Debris-flow observation
 Environment surveillance
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6. Indoor Robot Navigation
 Space navigation
 Security
 Housekeeping
 Delivery
 Medical
 …
 Localization
 Positioning sensor http://www.worldrobotics.org/
 A set of sensors can provide
localization service
 Wireless
 Infrastructure
 Coverage
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7. Challenge
Positioning sensor
 Traditional deployment
 Full coverage
 Tradeoff
 Cost  Coverage
 How
 Reducing sensor
 Where
 Keeping coverage
 Acceptable error
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8. Error Model
 Target model
 x’= x + d cos(q+r)
y’= y + d sin(q+r)
q’=(q+r) mod 2p
 Actual configuration P(f)
 Configuration error
 err(f)=max(P(f) – f)
 |err(f)|
=|max(P(f) – f)|
=(max((P(x) – x)2 +
(P(y) – y)2))1/2 Positioning sensor
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9. Minimum Deployment-set Problem
 Minimum Deployment-set
Problem (G, Errmax)
 Width of hallway
 Width of track
 …
 The minimum
deployment-set problem is
NP-hard
 Vertex cover problem
 Deployment procedure
Initial construction Refinement
Divide and conquer
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10. Performance Evaluation
 Size of deployment set
 Configuration error
Chun-Han Lin and Chung-Ta King, "Sensor-Deployment Strategies for Indoor Robot Navigation," in IEEE Transactions
on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, vol. 40, pp. 388-398, 2010.
10 2011/8/11

11. 農委會水土保持局
Debris-Flow Observation
 Water course
 Debris flow
 Sensor
 Collecting information
 Water bank
 Challenge
 How to collect information
from outside
 Where
 Coverage
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12. Deployment Problem
 Track
 Activity region
 No deployment
 Information
 Uniform distribution
 Coverage
 Point coverage
 Area coverage
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13. Periphery Deployment Problem
 Periphery Deployment
Problem (A, T, R, CPmin)
 Solvable?
 Maximal coverage
 Ideal deployment
 Upper bound
 Practical deployment
 Expected value
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14. Deployment Procedure
Ideal deployment
Initial deployment
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15. Performance Evaluation
 Size of deployment set  Coverage
Chun-Han Lin, Huang-Chen Lee and Chung-Ta King, “Periphery Deployment for Wireless Sensor Systems
with Guaranteed Coverage Percentage,” submitted to Journal of Systems and Software, 2 nd revision.
15 2011/8/11

16. Environment Surveillance
 Fixed locations
 Sense
 Collection
 Record
 Analysis
 How to prolong lifetime?
 Equipping more energy
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17. Energy Allocation
 Uniform battery
 Long lifetime => huge
energy
 Reducing maximum
 Customizing sensor
 Can we use general
sensor?
 Adjustable energy
 Multiple sensors
 Multiple battery packs
 Challenge
 Energy allocation
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18. Constrained Multiple Deployment Problem
 Constrained Multiple
Deployment Problem (G,
, B, T)
 Sense
 Collection
 Optimal solution
 Conservation of flow
 Energy consumption
 Optimal goal
 Cost Bound
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19. Deployment Procedure
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20. Performance Evaluation
 Deployment cost  Residual energy
Chun-Han Lin, Chung-Ta King, and Ting-Yi Chen, "Constrained multiple deployment problem in wireless sensor
networks with guaranteed lifetimes," accepted and to appear in ACM Wireless Networks (WINET).
20 2011/8/11

21. Conclusion
 Analysis 3 applications
 Indoor robot navigation: guaranteed coverage
 Debris-flow observation: guaranteed coverage
 Environment surveillance: guaranteed lifetime
 Problem formulation
 Deployment procedure
 Performance evaluation
 Future Work
 Algorithm improvement
 Complexity of periphery and multiple deployments
 The results of multiple deployment compare with those of ILP
 Publication procedure
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22. Publications
 JOURNAL PAPERS
 Chun-Han Lin, Chung-Ta King, and Ting-Yi Chen, “Constrained multiple deployment problem in wireless sensor
networks with guaranteed lifetimes,” accepted and to appear in ACM Wireless Networks (WINET).
 Chun-Han Lin and Chung-Ta King, “Sensor-Deployment Strategies for Indoor Robot Navigation,” in IEEE
Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, vol. 40, pp. 388-398,
2010.
 Nai.-Luen Lai, Chun-Han Lin, and Chung-Ta King, "Scheduling algorithms and routing structures for efficient
convergecast in wireless sensor networks," in International Journal of Pervasive Computing and
Communications, vol. 6, pp. 4-18, 2010.
 CONFERENCE PAPERS
 Nai-Luen Lai, Chung-Ta King, and Chun-Han Lin, “On Maximizing the Throughput of Convergecast in Wireless
Sensor Networks,” in Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Advances in grid and pervasive
computing (GPC), pages 396-408, 2008.
 Chun-Han Lin, Chung-Ta King, and Hung-Chang Hsiao, “Region Abstraction for Event Tracking in Wireless Sensor
Networks,” in Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Parallel Architectures, Algorithms and
Networks (ISPAN), pages 274-281, 2005.
 PATENTS
 Fu-Kuang Yeh, Long-Der Chen, Chung-Ta King, and Chun-Han Lin, "METHOD FOR INFORMATION
TRANSMISSION WITH BACKBONE NETWORK AND A POSITION MONITORING SYSTEM FOR
MULTIPLE ROBOTIC DEVICES," submitted to USA and ROC Patent Offices, pending.
 SUBMITTED PAPERS
 Chun-Han Lin, Huang-Chen Lee and Chung-Ta King, “Periphery Deployment for Wireless Sensor Systems with
Guaranteed Coverage Percentage,” submitted to Journal of Systems and Software, 2 nd revision.
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