The document outlines the importance of essential nutrients for health, identifying six key nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water. It discusses various nutritional deficiency diseases caused by the lack of these nutrients, such as goiter, kwashiorkor, marasmus, and rickets, along with their causes, symptoms, and prevention methods. It concludes by emphasizing the necessity of a balanced diet for mental and physical well-being.

1. Swastharitta Department
Diseases due to nutritional
Deficiency

2. INTRODUCTION
→ Nutrients are essential for the proper growth and
health of the body.
→ The substances that contain essential nutrients for
body activities are considered as food.

3. INTRODUCTION
→ There are six essential nutrients in our food.
→ They are Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Vitamins,
Minerals and Water.

4. INTRODUCTION
→ Balanced diet is the diet, which contains
adequate amount of all the necessary nutrients
required for healthy growth and activity.
→ Deficiency of any one of the essential nutrients in
our diet is called nutritional deficiency that results
in nutritional deficiency diseases.

5. NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY DISEASES
→ The diseases caused due to deficiency of nutrients
in our diet is, nutritional deficiency diseases.
→ The various diseases are:

7. GOITER

8. GOITER
Swelling of thyroid gland

9. GOITER
→ Deficiency of iodine in diet
→ Ingestion of goitrogenic agents like soybean, flax etc.
→ Infections that cause inflammation of the thyroid gland.
CAUSES

10. GOITER
→ Swelling of thyroid gland
→ Coughing
→ Tightness in throat
→ Difficulty in swallowing and breathing
SYMPTOMS

11. PREVENTION

12. IODISED SALT

13. Preventing over exposure to radiation

14. KWASHIORKAR

15. stunted physical and mental
growth
Edema

16. KWASHIORKAR
→ Occurring in children due to lack of protein in diet
→ Common in countries that are facing famine, political
unrest, natural disasters such earth quakes, as
landslides, floods etc
CAUSES

17. KWASHIORKAR
→ Change in skin and hair colour
→ Fatigue
→ Diarrhea
→ Stunted physical and mental growth
→ Edema
SYMPTOMS

18. PREVENTION

19. MARASMUS

20. Sunken Eyes
Projected Ribs

21. MARASMUS
→ Malnutrition
→ Lack of energy and protein
→ Poverty
→ Contaminated water
→ Metabolic and anatomic changes
CAUSES

22. MARASMUS
→ Lean body
→ Projected ribs
→ Sunken eyes Dry skin
SYMPTOMS

23. PREVENTION

24. DIFFERENCE
→ kwashiorkor is predominantly a protein
deficiency, while
→ marasmus is a deficiency of all
macronutrients — protein, carbohydrates and
fats.

25. RICKETS

34. Enamel defect
characterized
by thin or
absent enamel.

35. Pectus carinatum is
when the ribs and the
breastbone (sternum)
grow outward and
make the chest jut out.

37. row of beadlike prominences at the
junction of a rib and its cartilage (i.e.,
enlarged costochondral joints)

39. knees apart
ankle
touches

40. RICKETS
→ Found in children due to lack of Vitamin D.
→ Lack of Calcium
→ Genetic defect
CAUSES

41. RICKETS
→ So skull bones
→ Protruding abdomen
→ Poor growth
→ Bent limbs
→ Decayed tooth
SYMPTOMS

42. RICKETS
→ Exposure to sunlight
→ A diet rich in vitamin D and
→ calcium, supplements, medication or possibly surgery.
TREATMENT

43. CONCLUSION
→ Your body needs the right fuel and regular
maintenance to achieve its true health potential.
→ Nothing is more important than healthy eating.

44. CONCLUSION
→ The deficiency of nutrients in food, affects the
physical and mental health & well being of
humans.
→ Thus its very important to include the essential
nutrients in our daily diet.

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