Discussion
Why is it important for business strategy to drive organizational strategy and IS strategy? What might happen if the business strategy was not the driver?
Please make your initial post and two response posts substantive. A substantive post will do at least TWO of the following:
· Ask an interesting, thoughtful question pertaining to the topic
· Answer a question (in detail) posted by another student or the instructor
· Provide extensive additional information on the topic
· Explain, define, or analyze the topic in detail
· Share an applicable personal experience
· Provide an outside source that applies to the topic, along with additional information about the topic or the source (please cite properly in APA)
· Make an argument concerning the topic.
At least one scholarly source should be used in the initial discussion thread. Be sure to use information from your readings and other sources. Use proper citations and references in your post.
300 words and 2 references.
Required Text
· Pearlson, K., Saunders, C., Galletta, D. (2020). Managing and Using Information Systems: A Strategic Approach, 7th Edition. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN: 978-1119560562
Aligning IT and business strategy: an Australian university case study
Alan Dent*
Information Systems and Infrastructure, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
Alignment with business objectives is considered to be an essential outcome of
information technology (IT) strategic planning. This case study examines the process
of creating an IT strategy for an Australian university using an industry standard
methodology. The degree of alignment is determined by comparing the strategic
priorities supported by both the IT and university strategic plans, using Sharrock’s
‘four agendas’ framework. The significant differences between the two strategies are
examined and explained, revealing the need for IT strategic planning methodologies to
include a framework to measure business alignment.
Keywords: alignment; business; information technology; strategy
Introduction: technology in higher education
This case study presents an examination of the process of creating an information
technology (IT) strategy for a small Australian university, and the university’s attempt
to align IT to the business needs of the institution. The IT strategy was developed over a
3-month period, commencing in March 2014, using a strategic planning methodology
from an IT research and advisory firm.
The mass adoption of internet-enabled technologies and mobile devices has
revolutionised both the way industries go about their business and their consumers’
expectations. These devices are powered by constantly improving communications
and computing infrastructure, which in turn is enabled by Moore’s law, an observa-
tion about the rate of growth in semiconductor capacity (doubling approximately
every two years). Moore’s law has become a metaphor for rapid rates of growth/
change everywhere (Schall ...
14 hours agoNikesh Bantu Discussion 1COLLAPSETop of Form.docxaulasnilda
The document discusses aligning an Australian university's IT strategy with its overall business strategy. It analyzes the university's IT strategic vision document using Sharrock's "four agendas" framework to assess alignment. The analysis found some differences between the strategic priorities of the IT and university plans, revealing a need for IT planning methodologies to include measuring business alignment. Specifically:
1) The university strategic plan contained few direct IT references but several indirect ones related to new technologies and engagement.
2) Four IT-related business priorities were identified from the university plan: new forms of student engagement, research collaboration, modernization of IT, and high-quality IT.
3) Analysis using the four agendas framework showed
This document provides an introduction to a book that examines how enterprise architecture can be used for the strategic management of information technology solutions. It identifies key challenges organizations face in achieving ROI and aligning IT solutions with business needs. The document discusses how interest in enterprise architecture has increased over three decades but adoption remains slow due to the complexity of conveying its priorities across organizations. It introduces the concepts of information technology solutions, enterprise architecture, data and information architectures, and business analysis and architecture.
PAD3711 Chapter 3 due May 22Part 1- essay assignment APA format.docxhoney690131
PAD3711 Chapter 3 due May 22
Part 1- essay assignment APA format
After reading Chapters 3 in the textbook prepare a 200 word response to the conclusion of Chapter 3 which states “Failure to become engaged and knowledgeable about internal politics can undermine the efficacy of information managers. ‘There’ are cases where managers with good technical skills lost their jobs due to their failure to master organizational politics. Information managers need to negotiate, bargain, dicker, and haggle with other departments. They may need to form coalitions and engage in logrolling in order to achieve their goals. A good manager needs good political skills to be effective.”Place the essay questions along with your answers on 1 page word doc
Part 2-Research Assignment APA format
Research Assignment: Using the article you used in week one- recognizes and analyzes applications of information technology in the public sector as it applies to the core public safety disciplines (law enforcement, fire services, EMS). For this article prepare a summary paper as follows:
Page One Article Title: List the article publication information using APA style for reference list citations, “e.g. Smith, N (2005). Information technology in the public sector. Technology and Public Administration Journal, 12(3), 125-136.”
Page Two Evaluation (must be at least 100 words): Using the article you summarized for Week One, critique the article's thesis (or hypotheses), methodology, evidence, logic, and conclusions from your perspective on the problem. Be constructively critical, suggesting how the research could be better or more useful. Be sure to cite other scholarly articles, by way of comparison and contrast, in support of your critique
The article I used in week one is attached along with the research paper that was turned in
here is the citation
Henderson, J. C., & Schilling, D. A. (1985). Design and Implementation of Decision Support Systems in the Public Sector. MIS Quarterly, 9(2), 157–169. https://doi-org.db07.linccweb.org/10.2307/249116
Professor puts all assignments in Turnitin
Both assignments must meet this grading criteria:
· This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeRESPONSIVENESS (Did the student respond adequately to the paper or writing assignment?)
· Responds to assigned or selected topic; Goes beyond what is required in some meaningful way (e.g., ideas contribute a new dimension to what we know about the topic, unearths something unanticipated); Is substantive and evidence-based; Demonstrates that the student has read, viewed, and considered the Learning Resources in the course and that the assignment answer/paper topic connects in a meaningful way to the course content; and Is submitted by the due date.
· This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeCONTENT KNOWLEDGE (Does the content in the paper or writing assignment demonstrate an understanding of the important knowledge the paper/assignment is intended to demonstrate?)
· In-depth understandi.
PAD3711 Chapter 3 due May 22Part 1- essay assignment APA format.docxaman341480
This document outlines two assignments for a public administration course. The first is a 200-word essay responding to a quote about the importance of understanding organizational politics for information managers. The second is a research paper summarizing an article about information technology in the public sector and critiquing its methodology, evidence, and conclusions. The document provides guidelines for formatting, length, and criteria for evaluation, including responsiveness to the topic, demonstration of content knowledge, and originality. Students must submit both assignments by the due date in APA format through Turnitin.
81119, 10(43 AMOriginality ReportPage 1 of 7httpsucum.docxblondellchancy
8/11/19, 10(43 AMOriginality Report
Page 1 of 7https://ucumberlands.blackboard.com/webapps/mdb-sa-BB5a31b16bb2c…-324db2390398&course_id=_109727_1&includeDeleted=true&print=true
%%97
%%1
SafeAssign Originality Report
Summer 2019 - InfoTech in a Global Economy (ITS-… • Week 14 - Written Assignment
%%98To t a l S c o r eTo t a l S c o r e:: High risk
Sunil Kumar Reddy Donuru
Submission UUID: ea534ac2-fa80-4378-4f9a-810b5a16c7a4
To t a l N u m b e r o f R eTo t a l N u m b e r o f R e……
1
H i g h e s t M a t c hH i g h e s t M a t c h
98 %
sdonuru_Assignment.docx
A v e r a g e M a t c hA v e r a g e M a t c h
98 %
S u b m i t t e d o nS u b m i t t e d o n
08/11/19
10:29 AM EDT
A v e r a g e W o r d C o u n tA v e r a g e W o r d C o u n t
944
Highest: sdonuru_Assign…
%%98Attachment 1
I n s t i t u t i o n a l d a t a b a s eI n s t i t u t i o n a l d a t a b a s e ( (33))
M y p a p e rM y p a p e r S t u d e n t p a p e rS t u d e n t p a p e r S t u d e n t p a p e rS t u d e n t p a p e r
G l o b a l d a t a b a s eG l o b a l d a t a b a s e ( (11))
S t u d e n t p a p e rS t u d e n t p a p e r
To p s o u r c e sTo p s o u r c e s ( (33))
E x c l u d e d s o u r c e sE x c l u d e d s o u r c e s ( (00))
View Originality Report - Old Design
Word Count: 944
sdonuru_Assignment.docx
11 44 33
22
11 M y p a p e rM y p a p e r 44 S t u d e n t p a p e rS t u d e n t p a p e r 22 S t u d e n t p a p e rS t u d e n t p a p e r
University of the Cumberlands
Sunil Reddy Donuru
Prof: Dr Jess Schwartz
The main purpose of this article is to show how the IT strategic emphases and IT investments can affect a firm’s profitability level and market
value. To further show the clear effect, the author used empirical tests founded from the documented information collected from over 300
firms in U.S. on this clear picture, the author concludes that organizations with a dual emphasis in their IT system have a higher Tobin's Q
than firms with an income or a cost emphasis at its mean estimation ventures. The author suggests that firms may decide on using IT strategic
emphasis for one reason alone and that is to moderate the strong correlation between IT investments and firm performance. The major
discovery of the research was that firms that have adopted dual-emphasis on IT strategies have a stronger IT–profitability relationship than sin-
gle-emphasis firms, these firms also have a stronger IT–Tobin’s Q relationship than firms that have adopted the revenue-emphasis strategy.
The conclusions from this research has been used all over the world by managers and business owners to help them in making informed deci-
sions on how to allocate assets for IT strategies that can efficiently support the overall goal of an organization. For average levels of IT ex-
penditure, a dual emphasis in IT strategy satisfies as long as a higher firm valuation, and a larger amount of IT speculations are made with d ...
This study focuses on determining a working ‘selection criteria model’ that will help Information
Technology (IT) companies choose the right candidates to work on their IT projects in areas such as system
design, requirement gathering and management,
14 hours agoNikesh Bantu Discussion 1COLLAPSETop of Form.docxaulasnilda
The document discusses aligning an Australian university's IT strategy with its overall business strategy. It analyzes the university's IT strategic vision document using Sharrock's "four agendas" framework to assess alignment. The analysis found some differences between the strategic priorities of the IT and university plans, revealing a need for IT planning methodologies to include measuring business alignment. Specifically:
1) The university strategic plan contained few direct IT references but several indirect ones related to new technologies and engagement.
2) Four IT-related business priorities were identified from the university plan: new forms of student engagement, research collaboration, modernization of IT, and high-quality IT.
3) Analysis using the four agendas framework showed
This document provides an introduction to a book that examines how enterprise architecture can be used for the strategic management of information technology solutions. It identifies key challenges organizations face in achieving ROI and aligning IT solutions with business needs. The document discusses how interest in enterprise architecture has increased over three decades but adoption remains slow due to the complexity of conveying its priorities across organizations. It introduces the concepts of information technology solutions, enterprise architecture, data and information architectures, and business analysis and architecture.
PAD3711 Chapter 3 due May 22Part 1- essay assignment APA format.docxhoney690131
PAD3711 Chapter 3 due May 22
Part 1- essay assignment APA format
After reading Chapters 3 in the textbook prepare a 200 word response to the conclusion of Chapter 3 which states “Failure to become engaged and knowledgeable about internal politics can undermine the efficacy of information managers. ‘There’ are cases where managers with good technical skills lost their jobs due to their failure to master organizational politics. Information managers need to negotiate, bargain, dicker, and haggle with other departments. They may need to form coalitions and engage in logrolling in order to achieve their goals. A good manager needs good political skills to be effective.”Place the essay questions along with your answers on 1 page word doc
Part 2-Research Assignment APA format
Research Assignment: Using the article you used in week one- recognizes and analyzes applications of information technology in the public sector as it applies to the core public safety disciplines (law enforcement, fire services, EMS). For this article prepare a summary paper as follows:
Page One Article Title: List the article publication information using APA style for reference list citations, “e.g. Smith, N (2005). Information technology in the public sector. Technology and Public Administration Journal, 12(3), 125-136.”
Page Two Evaluation (must be at least 100 words): Using the article you summarized for Week One, critique the article's thesis (or hypotheses), methodology, evidence, logic, and conclusions from your perspective on the problem. Be constructively critical, suggesting how the research could be better or more useful. Be sure to cite other scholarly articles, by way of comparison and contrast, in support of your critique
The article I used in week one is attached along with the research paper that was turned in
here is the citation
Henderson, J. C., & Schilling, D. A. (1985). Design and Implementation of Decision Support Systems in the Public Sector. MIS Quarterly, 9(2), 157–169. https://doi-org.db07.linccweb.org/10.2307/249116
Professor puts all assignments in Turnitin
Both assignments must meet this grading criteria:
· This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeRESPONSIVENESS (Did the student respond adequately to the paper or writing assignment?)
· Responds to assigned or selected topic; Goes beyond what is required in some meaningful way (e.g., ideas contribute a new dimension to what we know about the topic, unearths something unanticipated); Is substantive and evidence-based; Demonstrates that the student has read, viewed, and considered the Learning Resources in the course and that the assignment answer/paper topic connects in a meaningful way to the course content; and Is submitted by the due date.
· This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeCONTENT KNOWLEDGE (Does the content in the paper or writing assignment demonstrate an understanding of the important knowledge the paper/assignment is intended to demonstrate?)
· In-depth understandi.
PAD3711 Chapter 3 due May 22Part 1- essay assignment APA format.docxaman341480
This document outlines two assignments for a public administration course. The first is a 200-word essay responding to a quote about the importance of understanding organizational politics for information managers. The second is a research paper summarizing an article about information technology in the public sector and critiquing its methodology, evidence, and conclusions. The document provides guidelines for formatting, length, and criteria for evaluation, including responsiveness to the topic, demonstration of content knowledge, and originality. Students must submit both assignments by the due date in APA format through Turnitin.
81119, 10(43 AMOriginality ReportPage 1 of 7httpsucum.docxblondellchancy
8/11/19, 10(43 AMOriginality Report
Page 1 of 7https://ucumberlands.blackboard.com/webapps/mdb-sa-BB5a31b16bb2c…-324db2390398&course_id=_109727_1&includeDeleted=true&print=true
%%97
%%1
SafeAssign Originality Report
Summer 2019 - InfoTech in a Global Economy (ITS-… • Week 14 - Written Assignment
%%98To t a l S c o r eTo t a l S c o r e:: High risk
Sunil Kumar Reddy Donuru
Submission UUID: ea534ac2-fa80-4378-4f9a-810b5a16c7a4
To t a l N u m b e r o f R eTo t a l N u m b e r o f R e……
1
H i g h e s t M a t c hH i g h e s t M a t c h
98 %
sdonuru_Assignment.docx
A v e r a g e M a t c hA v e r a g e M a t c h
98 %
S u b m i t t e d o nS u b m i t t e d o n
08/11/19
10:29 AM EDT
A v e r a g e W o r d C o u n tA v e r a g e W o r d C o u n t
944
Highest: sdonuru_Assign…
%%98Attachment 1
I n s t i t u t i o n a l d a t a b a s eI n s t i t u t i o n a l d a t a b a s e ( (33))
M y p a p e rM y p a p e r S t u d e n t p a p e rS t u d e n t p a p e r S t u d e n t p a p e rS t u d e n t p a p e r
G l o b a l d a t a b a s eG l o b a l d a t a b a s e ( (11))
S t u d e n t p a p e rS t u d e n t p a p e r
To p s o u r c e sTo p s o u r c e s ( (33))
E x c l u d e d s o u r c e sE x c l u d e d s o u r c e s ( (00))
View Originality Report - Old Design
Word Count: 944
sdonuru_Assignment.docx
11 44 33
22
11 M y p a p e rM y p a p e r 44 S t u d e n t p a p e rS t u d e n t p a p e r 22 S t u d e n t p a p e rS t u d e n t p a p e r
University of the Cumberlands
Sunil Reddy Donuru
Prof: Dr Jess Schwartz
The main purpose of this article is to show how the IT strategic emphases and IT investments can affect a firm’s profitability level and market
value. To further show the clear effect, the author used empirical tests founded from the documented information collected from over 300
firms in U.S. on this clear picture, the author concludes that organizations with a dual emphasis in their IT system have a higher Tobin's Q
than firms with an income or a cost emphasis at its mean estimation ventures. The author suggests that firms may decide on using IT strategic
emphasis for one reason alone and that is to moderate the strong correlation between IT investments and firm performance. The major
discovery of the research was that firms that have adopted dual-emphasis on IT strategies have a stronger IT–profitability relationship than sin-
gle-emphasis firms, these firms also have a stronger IT–Tobin’s Q relationship than firms that have adopted the revenue-emphasis strategy.
The conclusions from this research has been used all over the world by managers and business owners to help them in making informed deci-
sions on how to allocate assets for IT strategies that can efficiently support the overall goal of an organization. For average levels of IT ex-
penditure, a dual emphasis in IT strategy satisfies as long as a higher firm valuation, and a larger amount of IT speculations are made with d ...
This study focuses on determining a working ‘selection criteria model’ that will help Information
Technology (IT) companies choose the right candidates to work on their IT projects in areas such as system
design, requirement gathering and management,
Week 6 Post Menopausal and Sexuality Issues in the Maturing and O.docxhelzerpatrina
Week 6: Post Menopausal and Sexuality Issues in the Maturing and Older Adult Discussion
No unread replies. No replies.
Students will not receive credit for any discussions posted after Sunday 11:59pm MT.
Ageism and gender bias can affect who and how we ask about sexual health, sexual activity, and concerning symptoms. Depending on your own level of comfort and cultural norms this can be a tough conversation for some providers. But this is an important topic and as our videos discussed, women are wanting us to ask about sexual concerns. This week we also reviewed sexually transmitted diseases and the effects of ageism on time to diagnosis so it is necessary to ask these questions and provide good education for all patients. You will not know any needs unless you ask.
Discussion Questions:
· Review the required NAMS videos. What was the most surprising thing you learned about in the videos? Explain why it was surprising.
· What is GSM? What body systems are involved? How does this affect a woman's quality of life?
· What treatment does Dr Shapiro recommend?
· Review one aspect of treatment that Dr Shapiro recommends and include an EBP journal article or guideline recommendation in addition to referencing the video in your response.
Sexuality and the older adult
· What is your level of comfort in taking a complete sexual history? Is this comfort level different for male or female patients? If so, why?
· How will this information impact the way you will interact with your mature and elderly clients?
RESEARCH NOTE
HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AND
INVESTMENTS INFLUENCE FIRM PERFORMANCE:
CONJECTURE AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE1
Sunil Mithas and Roland T. Rust
Robert H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland,
College Park, MD 20742 U.S.A. {[email protected]} {[email protected]}
In this paper, we develop conjectures for understanding how information technology (IT) strategy and IT
investments jointly influence profitability and the market value of the firm. We view IT strategy as an expres-
sion of the dominant strategic objective that the firm chooses to emphasize, which can be revenue expansion,
cost reduction, or a dual emphasis in which both goals are pursued. Using data from more than 300 firms in
the United States, we find that at the mean value of IT investments, firms with a dual IT strategic emphasis have
a higher market value as measured by Tobin’s Q than firms with a revenue or a cost emphasis, but they have
similar levels of profitability. Of greater importance, IT strategic emphasis plays a significant role in moder-
ating the relationship between IT investments and firm performance. Dual-emphasis firms have a stronger
IT–Tobin’s Q relationship than revenue-emphasis firms. Dual-emphasis firms also have a stronger IT–
profitability relationship than either revenue- or cost-emphasis firms. Overall, these findings imply that, at low
levels of IT investment, the firm may need to choose between revenue expansion ...
CHAPTER-1 Discussion 11) DiscussionCOLLAPSEIT value Infor.docxmccormicknadine86
CHAPTER-1 Discussion 1
1)
Discussion
COLLAPSE
IT value: Information Technology is used everywhere in the world. Information technology provides many services to other organizations and ends users such as by providing computer services, network services, hosting the applications and sites and other engineering applications. IT organizations price their services from their clients and customers. Many clients think that service providers are costing them more because they only know a few benefits about the services they are taking. For this service providers need to communicate and explain IT value with their customers, the benefits and features they are getting in it.
The IT value is realized when every product and service is analyzed and its benefits are used completely by the organization. This helps to make decisions about investment in new technology.
Reference:
Meyer, N. D. (2007, December 1). IT Value: What It Really Means. Retrieved from https://www.cio.com/article/2437551/it-value--what-it-really-means.html.
2)
Week 1 - Discussion Attachment
COLLAPSE
IT value is defined as capturing and understanding the business value derived from both financial and economical in information technology which consists of various components and systems. IT value consists of various category which include revenue quantity quality and cost. IT value is determined based on the organizational performance and the impact of information technology both at a higher level and medium level and organization hierarchy (John, 2003). IT value comprises of efficiency impact and competitive level impact. The IT value is understood by various means of technologies like using business intelligence and other data science technology is to understand the customer and what can be provided to create value internally as well as to any client. The organization's ethics and industrial standards will elevate the IT value of a company. IT value provides detailed information about the organization process and their correlation between the employees and their ideas and approach towards implementation and other projects.
Information technology is realized when the organization is not performing as per their industrial standards, The rectification is can be made by the senior executives and other decision-makers whether the IT value is being fulfilled internally and externally. The most important thing about IT realization is organization is justifying the services to the client (John, 2003)
References:
Glaser, John. (2003). Analyzing information technology value. Healthcare financial management : journal of the Healthcare Financial Management Association. 57. 98-100, 102, 104.
Lee, Byungtae & Menon, Nirup. (2000). Information Technology Value Through Different Normative Lenses.. J. of Management Information Systems. 16. 99-120. 10.1080/07421222.2000.11518267.
CHAPTER-1 Discussion 2
3)
Week 1 Discussion
Principles for delivering value
In almost all sections, IT can be d ...
Higher education institutions now a days are operating in an increasingly complex and
competitive environment. The application of innovation is a must for sustaining its competitive advantage.
Institution leaders are using data management and analytics to question the status quo and develop effective
solutions. Achieving these insights and information requires not a single report from a single system, but
rather the ability to access, share, and explore institution-wide data that can be transformed into meaningful
insights at every level of the institution. Consequently, institutions are facing problems in providing necessary
information technology support for fulfilling excellence in performance. More specifically, the best practices
of big data management and analytics need to be considered within higher education institutions. Therefore,
the study aimed at investigating big data and analytics, in terms of: (1) definition; (2) its most important
principles; (3) models; and (4) benefits of its use to fulfill performance excellence in higher education
institutions. This involves shedding light on big data and analytics models and the possibility of its use in
higher education institutions, and exploring the effect of using big data and analytics in achieving performance
excellence. To reach these objectives, the researcher employed a qualitative research methodology for
collecting and analyzing data. The study concluded the most important result, that there is a significant
relationship between big data and analytics and excellence of performance as big data management and
analytics mainly aims at achieving tasks quickly with the least effort and cost. These positive results support
the use of big data and analytics in institutions and improving knowledge in this field and providing a practical
guide adaptable to the institution structure. This paper also identifies the role of big data and analytics in
institutions of higher education worldwide and outlines the implementation challenges and opportunities in the
education industry.
A Review of Professional Practices for Computer Sciences Students in Academicssyedhamza71
This document summarizes key aspects of professional practices for computer science students. It discusses the importance of integrating professional practices into computer science curricula to better prepare students for the workplace. Professional practices include developing skills like collaboration, problem solving, communication, and lifelong learning. The document also outlines traits of professionals like seriousness, willingness to learn new skills, and maintaining composure. Integrating work placements and apprenticeships can help students gain real-world experience solving issues in both public and private sectors. Maintaining high ethical standards is also important for computer professionals.
ENGIN 36 Final Exam Take Home Exam May 15, 2020 .docxkhanpaulita
ENGIN 36 Final Exam
Take Home Exam
May 15, 2020
Laney College
Name ________________________________________________________
Read all of the instructions below before starting the exam
1. Turn in the exam on Canvas by 5:00 PM on Wednesday, May 20.
2. Be sure to read the instructions for each problem carefully. Read the question
statement fully and be sure to answer all components of the question.
3. You may use your homework, class notes, the textbook, references posted to Canvas,
and other study references as you work through the exam. You may not consult with
classmates.
4. Show all of your work! It’s much easier for me to give you partial credit if you clearly
document all of your steps when solving a problem.
5. Remember to write your units in your answer!
6. Box your answers!
7. If you run into algebra or math problems, write how you would have continued to solve
the problem to receive partial credit.
Sign the honor statement below after finishing the exam (a digital “signature” is acceptable)
I have neither given nor received help on this work, nor am I aware of any infraction of the
Honor Code.
Problem 1
A sign is supported on a hollow steel post that is fully fixed at its base, as shown in the diagram.
The internal forces and geometric properties shown were computed in the last exam.
A B
14
6 ft
A B
y
x
A
B
y
x
X X
Section X-X
4"
6"
3
8
3
8
3 8" 3 8"
W = 6,000 lbs
I ® 32.8in4
A ® 6.94in2
Geometric Properties:
The hollow steel post is replaced by the wood post with two steel plates fastened to the faces shown on the
next page. Showing all work, find:
(a) The normal stress in the steel at the point labeled Asteel caused by bending only
(b) The normal stress in the wood at the point labeled Awood caused by bending only
(c) If the normal stress due to axial load is disregarded, is the composite member adequate? Why?
(d) What equations would you use to find the normal stress in the wood and the steel? (HINT: remember
compatibility relationships)
A B
N = 6 kips
M = 432 kip×in
page 1 of 6
Asteel
Awood
Material Properties:
Esteel=29,000 ksi Ewood=1,200 ksi
3
8
3
8
6"
4"
sall,steel=60 ksi sall,wood=1.15ksi
Problem 1 cont'd
page 2 of 6
Problem 2
The sign post from Problem 1 is now braced by cable KM which is tensioned with a force of 3,000 lbs.
A B
8'
-0
"
6 ft
A B
y
x
A
B
y
x
Section X-X
4"
6"
3
8
3
8
3 8" 3 8"
W = 6,000 lbs
I ® 32.8in4
A ® 6.94in2
Geometric Properties:
60.0°
J
K L
M
XX
2'
-0
"
C
K
J
(a) Draw the FBD of forces at point K:
A B
page 3 of 6
Normal Force, NShear Force, V Moment, M
Problem 2 cont'd
(b) Draw the internal force diagrams for shear, moment, and normal force:
page 4 of 6
t
Shear Stress
sb
Normal Stress,
Bending
sa
Normal Stress,
Axial
A BC A BC A BC
(c) Draw the stress profiles for shear stress and normal stress due to bending and axial force. You only need
to draw the shape; m.
Digital innovation as a fundamental and powerful concept in the information s...venny55
This document proposes adopting digital innovation as a fundamental concept for information systems core courses. It argues that digital innovation is an important topic for all business students to understand given its role in transforming organizations and industries. The document defines digital innovation broadly as new products, processes, or business models that require significant adoption changes and are enabled by information technology. Adopting digital innovation as the core concept would help ensure students learn key IT concepts and would communicate the value of the core course. This could help preserve the core course's role of providing demand for IS faculty and introducing students to the IS field.
8/13/2019 EBSCOhost
https://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/delivery?sid=a4f02db1-be61-4ac6-bd56-57bacea902b5%40pdc-v-sessmgr06&vid=1&ReturnUrl=https%3a%2f%2fweb.b.ebs… 1/19
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Section:
Record: 1
HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AND INVESTMENTS INFLUENCE FIRM
PERFORMANCE: CONJECTURE AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE1.
Mithas, Sunil [email protected]
Rust, Roland T. [email protected]
MIS Quarterly. Mar2016, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p223-246. 24p. 7 Charts, 4 Graphs.
Article
*INFORMATION technology
*FINANCE
*MARKET value
*BUSINESS revenue
*TOBIN'S Q ratio
*COST control
cost reduction
dual emphasis
firm performance
Information technology strategic emphasis
IT ambidexterity
IT investments
IT strategic ambidexterity
profitability
revenue growth
In this paper, we develop conjectures for understanding how information technology (IT) strategy and IT
investments jointly influence profitability and the market value of the firm. We view IT strategy as an
expression of the dominant strategic objective that the firm chooses to emphasize, which can be revenue
expansion, cost reduction, or a dual emphasis in which both goals are pursued. Using data from more than
300 firms in the United States, we find that at the mean value of IT investments, firms with a dual IT strategic
emphasis have a higher market value as measured by Tobin's Q than firms with a revenue or a cost
emphasis, but they have similar levels of profitability. Of greater importance, IT strategic emphasis plays a
significant role in moderating the relationship between IT investments and firm performance. Dual-emphasis
firms have a stronger IT–Tobin's Q relationship than revenue-emphasis firms. Dual-emphasis firms also have
a stronger IT– profitability relationship than either revenue- or cost-emphasis firms. Overall, these findings
imply that, at low levels of IT investment, the firm may need to choose between revenue expansion and cost
reduction, but at higher levels of IT investment, dual-emphasis in IT strategy or IT strategic ambidexterity
increasingly pays off. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of MIS Quarterly is the property of MIS Quarterly and its content may not be copied or emailed to
multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users
may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given
about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full
abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Professor, Robert H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland
Visiting Chair, Marketing Research, Erasmus University
15379
0276-7783
112750564
Academic Search Complete
RESEARCH NOTES
HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AND INVESTMENTS INFLUENCE FIRM ...
This document summarizes a case study research on the success factors of digital transformation (DT) within an IT company in Germany. The study employed a qualitative case study methodology involving in-depth interviews with key stakeholders to understand their experiences and perspectives. Thematic analysis of the interview data identified several themes of success factors, including having a strong technological infrastructure to support DT initiatives, ensuring data security, adopting agile development practices, cultivating a culture of continuous innovation, and clear leadership vision and communication. However, the study was limited to a single company and did not integrate customer or broader stakeholder perspectives. Future research could explore DT success factors longitudinally and quantitatively across different contexts and industries.
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HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AND INVESTMENTS INFLUENCE FIRM
PERFORMANCE: CONJECTURE AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE1.
Mithas, Sunil [email protected]
Rust, Roland T. [email protected]
MIS Quarterly. Mar2016, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p223-246. 24p. 7 Charts, 4 Graphs.
Article
*INFORMATION technology
*FINANCE
*MARKET value
*BUSINESS revenue
*TOBIN'S Q ratio
*COST control
cost reduction
dual emphasis
firm performance
Information technology strategic emphasis
IT ambidexterity
IT investments
IT strategic ambidexterity
profitability
revenue growth
In this paper, we develop conjectures for understanding how information technology (IT) strategy and IT
investments jointly influence profitability and the market value of the firm. We view IT strategy as an
expression of the dominant strategic objective that the firm chooses to emphasize, which can be revenue
expansion, cost reduction, or a dual emphasis in which both goals are pursued. Using data from more than
300 firms in the United States, we find that at the mean value of IT investments, firms with a dual IT strategic
emphasis have a higher market value as measured by Tobin's Q than firms with a revenue or a cost
emphasis, but they have similar levels of profitability. Of greater importance, IT strategic emphasis plays a
significant role in moderating the relationship between IT investments and firm performance. Dual-emphasis
firms have a stronger IT–Tobin's Q relationship than revenue-emphasis firms. Dual-emphasis firms also have
a stronger IT– profitability relationship than either revenue- or cost-emphasis firms. Overall, these findings
imply that, at low levels of IT investment, the firm may need to choose between revenue expansion and cost
reduction, but at higher levels of IT investment, dual-emphasis in IT strategy or IT strategic ambidexterity
increasingly pays off. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of MIS Quarterly is the property of MIS Quarterly and its content may not be copied or emailed to
multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users
may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given
about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full
abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Professor, Robert H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland
Visiting Chair, Marketing Research, Erasmus University
15379
0276-7783
112750564
Academic Search Complete
RESEARCH NOTES
HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AND INVESTMENTS INFLUENCE FIRM PERFORMA ...
Information Technology (IT) Development Strategy of STIE INABA in the Perspec...AJHSSR Journal
Strategic planning is a relatively new concept for non-profit organizations (Bryson (1995) and
Nawawi (2000)). Strategic planning is needed in order that organizations can offer better service quality for their
customers and for the sustainability of their organizations. Nonprofit organizations have people who are focused
on achieving specific goals of their organizations (Ireland: 1999: 96-99). Their activities are indeed limited to
the budget and a constant need to raise funds through donations and assistance. When discussing about quality,
the first thing to consider is to get rid of the notions1) that nonprofit organizations cannot work like business
organizations, 2) that non-profit organizations cannot measure their performance, and 3) that quality
improvement techniques cannot be applied to non-profit organizations.
This research was in the form of a case study with Sekolah Tinggi Indonesia Membangun (STIE INABA) as the
research subject. The research method used was research and development. Research and development can be
defined as a process or steps to develop a new product or improve existing products that are accountable.
Based on the results of the analysis of the data collected, it can be concluded that the performance measurements
that had been applied produced less information and less effective strategic planning. IT Balance Scorecard was
used to analyze the relevance of the performance measurement indicators that had been established with the
Vision, Mission, and strategic objectives of STIE INABA. STIE INABA needs to build an information system
in the form of E-learning to support teaching and learning activities
Prospects and problems of educating information professionals in knowledge in...Alexander Decker
This document discusses the prospects and problems of educating information professionals for the knowledge industry. It addresses several key points:
1. The education of information professionals currently lags behind developments in information and communication technologies. Curricula need to better integrate emerging technologies.
2. Educating information professionals for future changes requires examining both external and internal factors. Schools must equip students with technological knowledge and skills to adapt to rapid changes.
3. There are challenges in developing countries regarding educating information professionals, including lack of integration between information studies and technologies, and high costs of training professionals. Developing regional information infrastructure could help address these issues.
Overall, the document analyzes how educating information professionals needs
Adomavicius et al.Technology Trends in the IT LandscapeSP.docxdaniahendric
This document proposes a new conceptual approach and methodology for analyzing technology trends in the IT landscape. It aims to address the problems firms face in making IT investment decisions due to the complexity and dynamic nature of the IT environment. The approach develops new analytical constructs including an "IT ecosystem model" and uses visualization and quantification strategies to identify patterns of technology evolution over time. The goal is to complement existing techniques and provide a more formal analysis of specific IT ecosystems to aid managers in decision making. The constructs and methodology are demonstrated through two case examples and evaluated through expert interviews.
Here are the key points regarding avoiding the alignment trap in information technology:
- Many IT projects fail due to poor alignment between business and IT strategies and objectives. Alignment refers to the degree to which IT understands and supports the business priorities.
- There are four alignment quadrants companies can fall into:
1) Strategy execution - High alignment and high efficiency where IT is tightly linked to business strategy.
2) Order taker - High alignment but low efficiency. IT simply fulfills requests but lacks strategic perspective.
3) Technology leader - Low alignment but high efficiency. IT drives innovation without business input.
4) Disconnected - Low alignment and low efficiency. IT operates independently with little business value.
This document discusses a study analyzing student satisfaction with various instructional technology techniques. The study surveyed 215 students enrolled in 4 undergraduate business courses about their satisfaction with commonly used IT tools like presentation software, email/discussion lists, word processing, web search engines, online libraries, and web development applications. The study aimed to determine the relationship between different types and degrees of IT used and student satisfaction, as well as the impact of IT techniques on student perceptions of enhanced classroom behaviors like student-student and student-instructor interaction, increased information and quality of instruction, and improved course organization. The sample was predominantly male (68%), aged 19-26, and majoring in general business (75%).
Information communicating technologies strategiesColani Nkosi
ICTs are quickly becoming popular in the world as part of social order, education has cought on and thus plans to intergrate ICTs as part of teaching and learning.
This document summarizes the skills needed for IT professionals in Kenya. It finds that both technical and soft skills are important, with ethics, communication, and business skills being especially critical for both entry-level and mid-level employees. There are also skills gaps in Kenya, particularly in software development and project management. Developing IT skills is important for Kenya's growing economy and digital transformation, but better data and collaboration between education and business is still needed to understand skills demands.
The Influence of Aligning Information Technology (IT) Strategy, Performance C...ijmpict
Strategic alignment of Information Technology (IT) with Corporate Strategy remains a key concern for enterprises and scholars over decades. Strategic IT alignment is widening its adoption across globe due to its empirically proven capability of improving organizational performance. Most of the studies on strategic alignment have however focused on developing countries and thus creating a significant gap in the alignment research. This paper presents how strategic IT alignment can be used in a developing country setting to improve both institutional performance and innovation. The hindrances and theoretical implications of strategic alignment in a developing country setting are also discussed and future research direction explored.
The findings in this study have shown that when IT strategy is aligned with Performance contract, institutional performance is improved; when IT strategy is aligned with IT organizational structure, institutional performance is enhanced; and, there is a positive effect on institutional performance when IT strategy is aligned with Performance contract and IT organizational structure.
Preliminary Research on Adoption and Diffusion Model of SMEs E-Learning in Th...www.nbtc.go.th
Preliminary Research on Adoption
and Diffusion Model of SMEs
E-Learning in Thailand
Noppadol Tiamnara
Office of the National Broadcasting
and Telecommunications Commission, Thailand
The contribution of SMEs to
economic growth is widely recognized and
Thailand is one of the countries where
SMEs have always played a primary role in
digital economy environment. This paper is
a research-in-progress which aims to
construct a conceptual framework to
understand adoption and diffusion of
e-learning among small and medium-sized
enterprises (SMEs) in Thailand. Various
models of technology acceptance and
adoption are reviewed in this research to
analyze and apply for developing the
conceptual framework of the research. The
future work of the research is explained.
The results of the research in this paper will
provide recommendations to support SMEs
to utilize e-learning to foster the economic
impacts to the country. Analysis in this
research is based on quantitative approach.
Reference
http://www.ijcim.th.org/SpecialEditions/v23nSP2/02_25A_Preliminary.pdf
An Exploration Of The Attitudes And Strategic Responses Of Sole-Proprietor Mi...Deja Lewis
This document summarizes research on the attitudes and strategic responses of sole-proprietor micro-enterprises in adopting information and communication technology (ICT). It begins by reviewing the literature on ICT adoption by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and identifies a gap in understanding ICT adoption specifically by micro-enterprises. The research aims to develop a framework showing the relationships between owner attitudes towards ICT adoption, factors influencing those attitudes, and the strategic responses to adoption. Through longitudinal case studies of sole proprietors, it explores the unique challenges and opportunities of ICT adoption for these very small businesses.
. According to your textbook, Contrary to a popular misconception.docxmadlynplamondon
According to a cross-cultural study of 186 societies, attitudes toward homosexuality vary significantly across cultures. Only 31% of societies studied stigmatized homosexual behavior, while 38% viewed it as a normal developmental phase for youth and 18% accepted committed same-sex relationships as an alternative form of marriage. The historical stigmatization of homosexuality in America is a product of enculturation rather than universal moral values.
-How did artwork produced in America from 1945 to 1960 compare to ar.docxmadlynplamondon
Post-World War II American art differed from European art by embracing abstract expressionism through artists like Jackson Pollock and his drip paintings, while European art focused more on figurative styles. Pollock's painting Number 1, 1950 (Lavender Mist) used dripped and splattered oil paint on canvas in 1950, as did Willem de Kooning's Woman I in 1952, showing the abstract expressionist movement in America. European art of the time included Alberto Giacometti's figurative sculpture Woman of Venice II from 1956.
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Week 6: Post Menopausal and Sexuality Issues in the Maturing and Older Adult Discussion
No unread replies. No replies.
Students will not receive credit for any discussions posted after Sunday 11:59pm MT.
Ageism and gender bias can affect who and how we ask about sexual health, sexual activity, and concerning symptoms. Depending on your own level of comfort and cultural norms this can be a tough conversation for some providers. But this is an important topic and as our videos discussed, women are wanting us to ask about sexual concerns. This week we also reviewed sexually transmitted diseases and the effects of ageism on time to diagnosis so it is necessary to ask these questions and provide good education for all patients. You will not know any needs unless you ask.
Discussion Questions:
· Review the required NAMS videos. What was the most surprising thing you learned about in the videos? Explain why it was surprising.
· What is GSM? What body systems are involved? How does this affect a woman's quality of life?
· What treatment does Dr Shapiro recommend?
· Review one aspect of treatment that Dr Shapiro recommends and include an EBP journal article or guideline recommendation in addition to referencing the video in your response.
Sexuality and the older adult
· What is your level of comfort in taking a complete sexual history? Is this comfort level different for male or female patients? If so, why?
· How will this information impact the way you will interact with your mature and elderly clients?
RESEARCH NOTE
HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AND
INVESTMENTS INFLUENCE FIRM PERFORMANCE:
CONJECTURE AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE1
Sunil Mithas and Roland T. Rust
Robert H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland,
College Park, MD 20742 U.S.A. {[email protected]} {[email protected]}
In this paper, we develop conjectures for understanding how information technology (IT) strategy and IT
investments jointly influence profitability and the market value of the firm. We view IT strategy as an expres-
sion of the dominant strategic objective that the firm chooses to emphasize, which can be revenue expansion,
cost reduction, or a dual emphasis in which both goals are pursued. Using data from more than 300 firms in
the United States, we find that at the mean value of IT investments, firms with a dual IT strategic emphasis have
a higher market value as measured by Tobin’s Q than firms with a revenue or a cost emphasis, but they have
similar levels of profitability. Of greater importance, IT strategic emphasis plays a significant role in moder-
ating the relationship between IT investments and firm performance. Dual-emphasis firms have a stronger
IT–Tobin’s Q relationship than revenue-emphasis firms. Dual-emphasis firms also have a stronger IT–
profitability relationship than either revenue- or cost-emphasis firms. Overall, these findings imply that, at low
levels of IT investment, the firm may need to choose between revenue expansion ...
CHAPTER-1 Discussion 11) DiscussionCOLLAPSEIT value Infor.docxmccormicknadine86
CHAPTER-1 Discussion 1
1)
Discussion
COLLAPSE
IT value: Information Technology is used everywhere in the world. Information technology provides many services to other organizations and ends users such as by providing computer services, network services, hosting the applications and sites and other engineering applications. IT organizations price their services from their clients and customers. Many clients think that service providers are costing them more because they only know a few benefits about the services they are taking. For this service providers need to communicate and explain IT value with their customers, the benefits and features they are getting in it.
The IT value is realized when every product and service is analyzed and its benefits are used completely by the organization. This helps to make decisions about investment in new technology.
Reference:
Meyer, N. D. (2007, December 1). IT Value: What It Really Means. Retrieved from https://www.cio.com/article/2437551/it-value--what-it-really-means.html.
2)
Week 1 - Discussion Attachment
COLLAPSE
IT value is defined as capturing and understanding the business value derived from both financial and economical in information technology which consists of various components and systems. IT value consists of various category which include revenue quantity quality and cost. IT value is determined based on the organizational performance and the impact of information technology both at a higher level and medium level and organization hierarchy (John, 2003). IT value comprises of efficiency impact and competitive level impact. The IT value is understood by various means of technologies like using business intelligence and other data science technology is to understand the customer and what can be provided to create value internally as well as to any client. The organization's ethics and industrial standards will elevate the IT value of a company. IT value provides detailed information about the organization process and their correlation between the employees and their ideas and approach towards implementation and other projects.
Information technology is realized when the organization is not performing as per their industrial standards, The rectification is can be made by the senior executives and other decision-makers whether the IT value is being fulfilled internally and externally. The most important thing about IT realization is organization is justifying the services to the client (John, 2003)
References:
Glaser, John. (2003). Analyzing information technology value. Healthcare financial management : journal of the Healthcare Financial Management Association. 57. 98-100, 102, 104.
Lee, Byungtae & Menon, Nirup. (2000). Information Technology Value Through Different Normative Lenses.. J. of Management Information Systems. 16. 99-120. 10.1080/07421222.2000.11518267.
CHAPTER-1 Discussion 2
3)
Week 1 Discussion
Principles for delivering value
In almost all sections, IT can be d ...
Higher education institutions now a days are operating in an increasingly complex and
competitive environment. The application of innovation is a must for sustaining its competitive advantage.
Institution leaders are using data management and analytics to question the status quo and develop effective
solutions. Achieving these insights and information requires not a single report from a single system, but
rather the ability to access, share, and explore institution-wide data that can be transformed into meaningful
insights at every level of the institution. Consequently, institutions are facing problems in providing necessary
information technology support for fulfilling excellence in performance. More specifically, the best practices
of big data management and analytics need to be considered within higher education institutions. Therefore,
the study aimed at investigating big data and analytics, in terms of: (1) definition; (2) its most important
principles; (3) models; and (4) benefits of its use to fulfill performance excellence in higher education
institutions. This involves shedding light on big data and analytics models and the possibility of its use in
higher education institutions, and exploring the effect of using big data and analytics in achieving performance
excellence. To reach these objectives, the researcher employed a qualitative research methodology for
collecting and analyzing data. The study concluded the most important result, that there is a significant
relationship between big data and analytics and excellence of performance as big data management and
analytics mainly aims at achieving tasks quickly with the least effort and cost. These positive results support
the use of big data and analytics in institutions and improving knowledge in this field and providing a practical
guide adaptable to the institution structure. This paper also identifies the role of big data and analytics in
institutions of higher education worldwide and outlines the implementation challenges and opportunities in the
education industry.
A Review of Professional Practices for Computer Sciences Students in Academicssyedhamza71
This document summarizes key aspects of professional practices for computer science students. It discusses the importance of integrating professional practices into computer science curricula to better prepare students for the workplace. Professional practices include developing skills like collaboration, problem solving, communication, and lifelong learning. The document also outlines traits of professionals like seriousness, willingness to learn new skills, and maintaining composure. Integrating work placements and apprenticeships can help students gain real-world experience solving issues in both public and private sectors. Maintaining high ethical standards is also important for computer professionals.
ENGIN 36 Final Exam Take Home Exam May 15, 2020 .docxkhanpaulita
ENGIN 36 Final Exam
Take Home Exam
May 15, 2020
Laney College
Name ________________________________________________________
Read all of the instructions below before starting the exam
1. Turn in the exam on Canvas by 5:00 PM on Wednesday, May 20.
2. Be sure to read the instructions for each problem carefully. Read the question
statement fully and be sure to answer all components of the question.
3. You may use your homework, class notes, the textbook, references posted to Canvas,
and other study references as you work through the exam. You may not consult with
classmates.
4. Show all of your work! It’s much easier for me to give you partial credit if you clearly
document all of your steps when solving a problem.
5. Remember to write your units in your answer!
6. Box your answers!
7. If you run into algebra or math problems, write how you would have continued to solve
the problem to receive partial credit.
Sign the honor statement below after finishing the exam (a digital “signature” is acceptable)
I have neither given nor received help on this work, nor am I aware of any infraction of the
Honor Code.
Problem 1
A sign is supported on a hollow steel post that is fully fixed at its base, as shown in the diagram.
The internal forces and geometric properties shown were computed in the last exam.
A B
14
6 ft
A B
y
x
A
B
y
x
X X
Section X-X
4"
6"
3
8
3
8
3 8" 3 8"
W = 6,000 lbs
I ® 32.8in4
A ® 6.94in2
Geometric Properties:
The hollow steel post is replaced by the wood post with two steel plates fastened to the faces shown on the
next page. Showing all work, find:
(a) The normal stress in the steel at the point labeled Asteel caused by bending only
(b) The normal stress in the wood at the point labeled Awood caused by bending only
(c) If the normal stress due to axial load is disregarded, is the composite member adequate? Why?
(d) What equations would you use to find the normal stress in the wood and the steel? (HINT: remember
compatibility relationships)
A B
N = 6 kips
M = 432 kip×in
page 1 of 6
Asteel
Awood
Material Properties:
Esteel=29,000 ksi Ewood=1,200 ksi
3
8
3
8
6"
4"
sall,steel=60 ksi sall,wood=1.15ksi
Problem 1 cont'd
page 2 of 6
Problem 2
The sign post from Problem 1 is now braced by cable KM which is tensioned with a force of 3,000 lbs.
A B
8'
-0
"
6 ft
A B
y
x
A
B
y
x
Section X-X
4"
6"
3
8
3
8
3 8" 3 8"
W = 6,000 lbs
I ® 32.8in4
A ® 6.94in2
Geometric Properties:
60.0°
J
K L
M
XX
2'
-0
"
C
K
J
(a) Draw the FBD of forces at point K:
A B
page 3 of 6
Normal Force, NShear Force, V Moment, M
Problem 2 cont'd
(b) Draw the internal force diagrams for shear, moment, and normal force:
page 4 of 6
t
Shear Stress
sb
Normal Stress,
Bending
sa
Normal Stress,
Axial
A BC A BC A BC
(c) Draw the stress profiles for shear stress and normal stress due to bending and axial force. You only need
to draw the shape; m.
Digital innovation as a fundamental and powerful concept in the information s...venny55
This document proposes adopting digital innovation as a fundamental concept for information systems core courses. It argues that digital innovation is an important topic for all business students to understand given its role in transforming organizations and industries. The document defines digital innovation broadly as new products, processes, or business models that require significant adoption changes and are enabled by information technology. Adopting digital innovation as the core concept would help ensure students learn key IT concepts and would communicate the value of the core course. This could help preserve the core course's role of providing demand for IS faculty and introducing students to the IS field.
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Record: 1
HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AND INVESTMENTS INFLUENCE FIRM
PERFORMANCE: CONJECTURE AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE1.
Mithas, Sunil [email protected]
Rust, Roland T. [email protected]
MIS Quarterly. Mar2016, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p223-246. 24p. 7 Charts, 4 Graphs.
Article
*INFORMATION technology
*FINANCE
*MARKET value
*BUSINESS revenue
*TOBIN'S Q ratio
*COST control
cost reduction
dual emphasis
firm performance
Information technology strategic emphasis
IT ambidexterity
IT investments
IT strategic ambidexterity
profitability
revenue growth
In this paper, we develop conjectures for understanding how information technology (IT) strategy and IT
investments jointly influence profitability and the market value of the firm. We view IT strategy as an
expression of the dominant strategic objective that the firm chooses to emphasize, which can be revenue
expansion, cost reduction, or a dual emphasis in which both goals are pursued. Using data from more than
300 firms in the United States, we find that at the mean value of IT investments, firms with a dual IT strategic
emphasis have a higher market value as measured by Tobin's Q than firms with a revenue or a cost
emphasis, but they have similar levels of profitability. Of greater importance, IT strategic emphasis plays a
significant role in moderating the relationship between IT investments and firm performance. Dual-emphasis
firms have a stronger IT–Tobin's Q relationship than revenue-emphasis firms. Dual-emphasis firms also have
a stronger IT– profitability relationship than either revenue- or cost-emphasis firms. Overall, these findings
imply that, at low levels of IT investment, the firm may need to choose between revenue expansion and cost
reduction, but at higher levels of IT investment, dual-emphasis in IT strategy or IT strategic ambidexterity
increasingly pays off. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of MIS Quarterly is the property of MIS Quarterly and its content may not be copied or emailed to
multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users
may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given
about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full
abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Professor, Robert H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland
Visiting Chair, Marketing Research, Erasmus University
15379
0276-7783
112750564
Academic Search Complete
RESEARCH NOTES
HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AND INVESTMENTS INFLUENCE FIRM ...
This document summarizes a case study research on the success factors of digital transformation (DT) within an IT company in Germany. The study employed a qualitative case study methodology involving in-depth interviews with key stakeholders to understand their experiences and perspectives. Thematic analysis of the interview data identified several themes of success factors, including having a strong technological infrastructure to support DT initiatives, ensuring data security, adopting agile development practices, cultivating a culture of continuous innovation, and clear leadership vision and communication. However, the study was limited to a single company and did not integrate customer or broader stakeholder perspectives. Future research could explore DT success factors longitudinally and quantitatively across different contexts and industries.
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Title:
Authors:
Source:
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Author-Supplied Keywords:
Abstract:
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Full Text Word Count:
ISSN:
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Section:
Record: 1
HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AND INVESTMENTS INFLUENCE FIRM
PERFORMANCE: CONJECTURE AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE1.
Mithas, Sunil [email protected]
Rust, Roland T. [email protected]
MIS Quarterly. Mar2016, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p223-246. 24p. 7 Charts, 4 Graphs.
Article
*INFORMATION technology
*FINANCE
*MARKET value
*BUSINESS revenue
*TOBIN'S Q ratio
*COST control
cost reduction
dual emphasis
firm performance
Information technology strategic emphasis
IT ambidexterity
IT investments
IT strategic ambidexterity
profitability
revenue growth
In this paper, we develop conjectures for understanding how information technology (IT) strategy and IT
investments jointly influence profitability and the market value of the firm. We view IT strategy as an
expression of the dominant strategic objective that the firm chooses to emphasize, which can be revenue
expansion, cost reduction, or a dual emphasis in which both goals are pursued. Using data from more than
300 firms in the United States, we find that at the mean value of IT investments, firms with a dual IT strategic
emphasis have a higher market value as measured by Tobin's Q than firms with a revenue or a cost
emphasis, but they have similar levels of profitability. Of greater importance, IT strategic emphasis plays a
significant role in moderating the relationship between IT investments and firm performance. Dual-emphasis
firms have a stronger IT–Tobin's Q relationship than revenue-emphasis firms. Dual-emphasis firms also have
a stronger IT– profitability relationship than either revenue- or cost-emphasis firms. Overall, these findings
imply that, at low levels of IT investment, the firm may need to choose between revenue expansion and cost
reduction, but at higher levels of IT investment, dual-emphasis in IT strategy or IT strategic ambidexterity
increasingly pays off. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of MIS Quarterly is the property of MIS Quarterly and its content may not be copied or emailed to
multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users
may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given
about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full
abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Professor, Robert H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland
Visiting Chair, Marketing Research, Erasmus University
15379
0276-7783
112750564
Academic Search Complete
RESEARCH NOTES
HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AND INVESTMENTS INFLUENCE FIRM PERFORMA ...
Information Technology (IT) Development Strategy of STIE INABA in the Perspec...AJHSSR Journal
Strategic planning is a relatively new concept for non-profit organizations (Bryson (1995) and
Nawawi (2000)). Strategic planning is needed in order that organizations can offer better service quality for their
customers and for the sustainability of their organizations. Nonprofit organizations have people who are focused
on achieving specific goals of their organizations (Ireland: 1999: 96-99). Their activities are indeed limited to
the budget and a constant need to raise funds through donations and assistance. When discussing about quality,
the first thing to consider is to get rid of the notions1) that nonprofit organizations cannot work like business
organizations, 2) that non-profit organizations cannot measure their performance, and 3) that quality
improvement techniques cannot be applied to non-profit organizations.
This research was in the form of a case study with Sekolah Tinggi Indonesia Membangun (STIE INABA) as the
research subject. The research method used was research and development. Research and development can be
defined as a process or steps to develop a new product or improve existing products that are accountable.
Based on the results of the analysis of the data collected, it can be concluded that the performance measurements
that had been applied produced less information and less effective strategic planning. IT Balance Scorecard was
used to analyze the relevance of the performance measurement indicators that had been established with the
Vision, Mission, and strategic objectives of STIE INABA. STIE INABA needs to build an information system
in the form of E-learning to support teaching and learning activities
Prospects and problems of educating information professionals in knowledge in...Alexander Decker
This document discusses the prospects and problems of educating information professionals for the knowledge industry. It addresses several key points:
1. The education of information professionals currently lags behind developments in information and communication technologies. Curricula need to better integrate emerging technologies.
2. Educating information professionals for future changes requires examining both external and internal factors. Schools must equip students with technological knowledge and skills to adapt to rapid changes.
3. There are challenges in developing countries regarding educating information professionals, including lack of integration between information studies and technologies, and high costs of training professionals. Developing regional information infrastructure could help address these issues.
Overall, the document analyzes how educating information professionals needs
Adomavicius et al.Technology Trends in the IT LandscapeSP.docxdaniahendric
This document proposes a new conceptual approach and methodology for analyzing technology trends in the IT landscape. It aims to address the problems firms face in making IT investment decisions due to the complexity and dynamic nature of the IT environment. The approach develops new analytical constructs including an "IT ecosystem model" and uses visualization and quantification strategies to identify patterns of technology evolution over time. The goal is to complement existing techniques and provide a more formal analysis of specific IT ecosystems to aid managers in decision making. The constructs and methodology are demonstrated through two case examples and evaluated through expert interviews.
Here are the key points regarding avoiding the alignment trap in information technology:
- Many IT projects fail due to poor alignment between business and IT strategies and objectives. Alignment refers to the degree to which IT understands and supports the business priorities.
- There are four alignment quadrants companies can fall into:
1) Strategy execution - High alignment and high efficiency where IT is tightly linked to business strategy.
2) Order taker - High alignment but low efficiency. IT simply fulfills requests but lacks strategic perspective.
3) Technology leader - Low alignment but high efficiency. IT drives innovation without business input.
4) Disconnected - Low alignment and low efficiency. IT operates independently with little business value.
This document discusses a study analyzing student satisfaction with various instructional technology techniques. The study surveyed 215 students enrolled in 4 undergraduate business courses about their satisfaction with commonly used IT tools like presentation software, email/discussion lists, word processing, web search engines, online libraries, and web development applications. The study aimed to determine the relationship between different types and degrees of IT used and student satisfaction, as well as the impact of IT techniques on student perceptions of enhanced classroom behaviors like student-student and student-instructor interaction, increased information and quality of instruction, and improved course organization. The sample was predominantly male (68%), aged 19-26, and majoring in general business (75%).
Information communicating technologies strategiesColani Nkosi
ICTs are quickly becoming popular in the world as part of social order, education has cought on and thus plans to intergrate ICTs as part of teaching and learning.
This document summarizes the skills needed for IT professionals in Kenya. It finds that both technical and soft skills are important, with ethics, communication, and business skills being especially critical for both entry-level and mid-level employees. There are also skills gaps in Kenya, particularly in software development and project management. Developing IT skills is important for Kenya's growing economy and digital transformation, but better data and collaboration between education and business is still needed to understand skills demands.
The Influence of Aligning Information Technology (IT) Strategy, Performance C...ijmpict
Strategic alignment of Information Technology (IT) with Corporate Strategy remains a key concern for enterprises and scholars over decades. Strategic IT alignment is widening its adoption across globe due to its empirically proven capability of improving organizational performance. Most of the studies on strategic alignment have however focused on developing countries and thus creating a significant gap in the alignment research. This paper presents how strategic IT alignment can be used in a developing country setting to improve both institutional performance and innovation. The hindrances and theoretical implications of strategic alignment in a developing country setting are also discussed and future research direction explored.
The findings in this study have shown that when IT strategy is aligned with Performance contract, institutional performance is improved; when IT strategy is aligned with IT organizational structure, institutional performance is enhanced; and, there is a positive effect on institutional performance when IT strategy is aligned with Performance contract and IT organizational structure.
Preliminary Research on Adoption and Diffusion Model of SMEs E-Learning in Th...www.nbtc.go.th
Preliminary Research on Adoption
and Diffusion Model of SMEs
E-Learning in Thailand
Noppadol Tiamnara
Office of the National Broadcasting
and Telecommunications Commission, Thailand
The contribution of SMEs to
economic growth is widely recognized and
Thailand is one of the countries where
SMEs have always played a primary role in
digital economy environment. This paper is
a research-in-progress which aims to
construct a conceptual framework to
understand adoption and diffusion of
e-learning among small and medium-sized
enterprises (SMEs) in Thailand. Various
models of technology acceptance and
adoption are reviewed in this research to
analyze and apply for developing the
conceptual framework of the research. The
future work of the research is explained.
The results of the research in this paper will
provide recommendations to support SMEs
to utilize e-learning to foster the economic
impacts to the country. Analysis in this
research is based on quantitative approach.
Reference
http://www.ijcim.th.org/SpecialEditions/v23nSP2/02_25A_Preliminary.pdf
An Exploration Of The Attitudes And Strategic Responses Of Sole-Proprietor Mi...Deja Lewis
This document summarizes research on the attitudes and strategic responses of sole-proprietor micro-enterprises in adopting information and communication technology (ICT). It begins by reviewing the literature on ICT adoption by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and identifies a gap in understanding ICT adoption specifically by micro-enterprises. The research aims to develop a framework showing the relationships between owner attitudes towards ICT adoption, factors influencing those attitudes, and the strategic responses to adoption. Through longitudinal case studies of sole proprietors, it explores the unique challenges and opportunities of ICT adoption for these very small businesses.
Similar to DiscussionWhy is it important for business strategy to drive org.docx (20)
. According to your textbook, Contrary to a popular misconception.docxmadlynplamondon
According to a cross-cultural study of 186 societies, attitudes toward homosexuality vary significantly across cultures. Only 31% of societies studied stigmatized homosexual behavior, while 38% viewed it as a normal developmental phase for youth and 18% accepted committed same-sex relationships as an alternative form of marriage. The historical stigmatization of homosexuality in America is a product of enculturation rather than universal moral values.
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After an individual is arrested, I will obtain fingerprints and photographs of the subject and complete a number of forms that are used to start a criminal file on the subject. I will use the Buccal Collection DNA test kit provided by the FBI on my subject. Once completed properly and submitted to the FBI, the kit will be sent to the Federal DNA Database Unit (FDDU). The FDDU will take the DNA test kit and upload it into NDIS creating a DNA profile for my subject. The subject’s DNA profile will be searched against unknown forensic profiles from crime scenes across the country. If my subject’s DNA matches with another crime from another state he can be charged for that crimes as well. In my opinion this is the most important service the FBI has. This allows all agencies to communicate and share information based off of DNA evidence. The flaw is that they need the criminal to be apprehended and processed in order for the DNA to be in the system.
In Knoxville Tennessee, FBI Emergency Response agents train how to excavate a body at the Body Farm. The agents pair up in teams with forensic anthropologists to learn how to best identify and excavate human remains to preserve the clues and pieces of evidence that decaying bodies may leave behind. The weeklong training gives agents step by step instructions while surprising the agents with twists and surprises during their excavations. This was very interesting to me because it helps put things into perspective. Teaches them to put the victim first, which will motivate them to slow down, be methodical with their techniques and be very thorough because it only can be done once.
respond to this discussion question 150 words
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-You will need to play a phone game Angry Birds (any version) to make observation.
-Make an observation on how you must launch the birds in order to knock over the items.
-Pay attention to how the path of the birds (the projectiles) changes as you change the launch angle and how far back you pull the birds at launch.
-You will also need to complete the calculations in assignment.
Assignment file below...
.
. EDU 571 Week 5 Discussion 1 -
"Data Collection" Please respond to the following:
· Using your planned evaluation project, assume that the client paying for the evaluation has requested that you primarily use audio/visual interview and observation techniques. The client envisions using clips in the evaluation report and in marketing campaigns. Discuss the appropriateness, advantages, and disadvantages of using digital capabilities to capture sound, video, and photographs of the interviewees, focus groups, and observations. Provide reasons for opposing or supporting the request (partially or completely).
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·
EDU 571 Week 5 Discussion 2 -
"Benefits of Meta-Evaluation" Please respond to the following:
· Your client told you that a meta-evaluation should not be included in the plan or budget. Explain two (2) reasons for including a meta-evaluation in the evaluation plan. Recommend two (2) ways to reduce the costs.
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EDU 571 Week 3 Target of Program Evaluation Plan, Part 1 -
Target of Program Evaluation Plan, Part 1
Assignment 1 is the first part of a five-part project to plan the various elements of a program evaluation for education. Select a program target from your school district, workplace, (e.g., business training program) or your university (where you are a student). For you to gain the most from the assignment, you should select a program that you are interested in, would like to see evaluated, and are able to obtain information about. (Possible programs include: student assessment, teacher assessment, pay for student achievement, new teacher or employee training, online classrooms, anti-bullying, gender equity for girls in math and science, school to work, retention of at-risk students, and schools of choice (charter schools), etc.). As you develop the entire plan, gather information, and receive feedback from your professor (or others), you should revise and refine each part of the project. Think of your professor as your project evaluator and supervisor who will help guide you so that you produce an outstanding, well-developed evaluation plan for the stakeholders.
Write a 1000 words paper in which you:
1. Describe three (3) elements of a worthy object for program evaluation - its type, the department administrating it, and target population.
2. Describe the program's history, primary purpose(s), and / or expected outcomes.
3. Explain three (3) reasons for selecting the program (e.g., program's value or lack of it, issues surrounding it, age, relevance, cost, impact on students, etc.).
4. Discuss three (3) advantages of evaluating the program at this time.
5. Discuss two (2) major constraints in conducting an evaluation on this program and a method of addressing them.
6. Use at least three (3) peer-reviewed academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and many Websites do not qualify as academic resources. Peer-reviewed academic resources refer to articles and scholarly journals that are reviewe.
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. What were the causes of World War II? Explain how and why the United States got involved in the war. Discuss the U.S. home front. How did women and minorities respond to the war? Explain the war in North Africa and Europe. Discuss the Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944. What was Adolf Hitler’s “final solution,” and what were the consequences of the Holocaust? How did the Allies end the war in Europe? Discuss the war in the Pacific. What proved to be an effective U.S. strategy in the Pacific? Analyze Harry Truman’s controversial decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan. What were the consequences of World War II?
.
. Complete the prewriting for the progress reportPrewriting p.docxmadlynplamondon
. Complete the prewriting for the progress report:
Prewriting prepares you to write and helps you organize your ideas.
You may print the lesson and jot notes for yourself on the paper, or you may write notes on your own.
You do not have to submit prewriting for any points, but don't skip this important step!
2. Complete a draft of the progress report:
Remember to use the memo format style in typing this progress report.
This report should be two or more pages when you are completed.
The draft will be much shorter than your final report.
Follow a logical structure: introduction, what is finished, what is underway, what is left to do, and a conclusion.
Use specifics such as dates, proper names, numbers, costs, etc.
Include one or more visuals may such as pictures, graphs, charts, tables, etc.
.
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-in Filomena by Roberta Fernandez the author refers to the Mexican rituals for the day of the dead how is this celebration portrayed in the story?
-in "La doctora Barr" how does Mary Helen Ponce describe the traditional way Mexican-American women prepared for a childbirth in their community?
-how does Nilda feel about Sophies's presence in her home?
-how is bilingualism used in the story "Filomena"? Support your opinions with examples from the story
-describe the incident with the vanilla ice cream . Why was it so upsetting for Nilda?
.
-Write about a violent religious event in history.(Ex. Muslim ex.docxmadlynplamondon
-Write about a violent religious event in history.
(Ex. Muslim extremist acts in history, or the Christian crusades, etc.)
-Write about belief/reasoning/justification those certain people believe their actions have and affects of...
-(Identity)They're view of the world and themselves. Is it rationale or is it a problem. Why?
5-pages minimum
4-scholarly sources min. 2 of 4 book sources Need Dec. 2nd by 9pm.
.
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-The CD reviewed is one that will allow reflection about how music can provide people the opportunity to imagine the lives and experiences of others different from oneself. Questions to guide reflection while listening should include:
1. Who are the peoples performing the music or who is the music about?
2.What type of life is presented through the music's lyrics and musical sound?
3.What themes or issues are presented by the music?
4. How do the various musical selections relate to each other?
5.What can be learned about people by listening to this CD?
6.Why should other people listen to this music?
-A list of CDs is available for this assignment. CDs may be downloaded for a fee from a preferred site.
-The review will need to include:
1.CD title, artist, genre, release date, etc
2.Background information about the artist or artists for those who may not be familiar.
-The review should be between 800 and 1000 words.
-Conventions of good writing (e.g., correct grammar, spelling, appropriate use of quotations, unctuation) should be observed throughout this project. Moreover, it is important to consider the audience and write in a style that is appropriate. Quotations or information from a primary or secondary source should be cited correctly using APA, Turabian, or MLA.
.
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Judge A belongs to the legal positivist school of thought. He bases his decision solely on statutory law and case precedents interpreting the law, without considering other factors.
Judge B belongs to the natural law school of thought. He believes the laws of nature apply in extraordinary situations where people are cut off from civilization, rather than man-made laws.
Judge C belongs to the sociological jurisprudence school of thought. She bases her decision on a scientific survey of the community's beliefs, rather than just statutory law or precedent.
-1. Are the three main elements of compensation systems—internal.docxmadlynplamondon
-1.
Are the three main elements of compensation systems—internal consistency, market competitiveness, and recognizing employee contributions—equally important, or do you believe that they differ in importance? If different, which do you believe is most important? Least important? Give your rationale.
use 1 online reference and
Martocchio, J. (2017). Strategic Compensation: A human resource management approach (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
.
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- What are the key differences between national health service (NHS) and national health insurance (NHI) systems?
- How do NHI and NHS systems compare with the health care system in the United States?
- How do most countries with similar levels per capita income differ from and resemble the United States with respect to provider payments, coordination of care, workforce and information technology, and health system performance?
Cite at least 2 peer reviewed journal/article. Write in APA format
.
--Describe and analyze the ways in which Alfons Heck’s participation.docxmadlynplamondon
Alfons Heck participated in the Hitler Youth and Nazi culture as a child, which helped shape his sense of purpose and identity. In his memoir "A Child of Hitler", written many decades later, Heck reflects on his experiences and how the acts of writing and reflection allowed him to craft a new identity in the present. Students are asked to analyze how Heck's participation in the Hitler Youth influenced his identity, and how writing his memoir also impacted his identity later in life, in a 2-4 page paper with citations.
------ Watch an online speechpresentation of 20 minutes or lo.docxmadlynplamondon
------
Watch an online speech/presentation of 20 minutes or longer.
( please cite the presentation you would use)
Write a speech analysis essay of
2-3 pages
I: List the speaker, date, location, & topic, and describe the audience. Describe each of these elements and analyze the effect that each of these elements had on the speaker and/or speech.
II: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of each part of the speaker's introduction (attention getter, revelation of topic, statement of credibility, statement of central idea, preview of main points).
III: Summarize each of the speaker's main points. What pattern of organization did the speaker utilize? Was this effective? Why or why not?
IV: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of the evidence/supporting material that the speaker used.
V: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of the speaker's language.
VI: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of the speaker's delivery.
VII: Describe and analyze the effectiveness of each part of the speaker's conclusion.
.
) Florida National UniversityNursing DepartmentBSN.docxmadlynplamondon
)
Florida National University
Nursing Department
BSN Program
NUR 4636-Community Health Nursing
Prof. Eddie Cruz, RN MSN
Please choose one infectious disease or communicable disease and present a 1,000 words essay including the follow;
Name of the disease including agents that cause Infectious/Communicable Disease, the mode of contamination or how it is spread.
The modes of prevention applying the three levels of prevention with at least one example of each one.
Prevalence and control of the condition according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) including morbidity and mortality.
Implications of the disease in the community and the role of the community health nurse in the control and prevention of the disease.
The essay must be presented in a Word Document, APA format, Arial 12 font attached to the forum in the tab of the Discussion Question title “Infections/Communicable disease essay” and in the assignment tab under the exercise title “SafeAssign infectious/communicable disease”. A minimum of 3 references no older than 5 years must be used. If you use any reference from any website make sure they are reliable sites such as CDC, NIH, Institute of Medicine, etc.
There is a rubric attached to the assignment for your guidance.
Below please see the definitions of infectious disease and communicable disease. They are similar but differ in some characteristics.
Infectious diseases
are disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Many organisms live in and on our bodies. They're normally harmless or even helpful. But under certain conditions, some organisms may cause
disease
. Some
infectious diseases
can be passed from person to person.
Communicable
, or infectious
diseases
, are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi that can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. Some are transmitted through bites from insects while others are caused by ingesting contaminated food or water.
.
- Please answer question 2 at the end of the case.- cita.docxmadlynplamondon
- Please answer
question 2
at the end of the case.
- citations and references in
IEEE
style
( at least two)
- your answer should be in regards to the case
+
regarding the question itself.
Do it twice ( two different copies)
.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
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Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
DiscussionWhy is it important for business strategy to drive org.docx
1. Discussion
Why is it important for business strategy to drive organizational
strategy and IS strategy? What might happen if the business
strategy was not the driver?
Please make your initial post and two response posts
substantive. A substantive post will do at least TWO of the
following:
· Ask an interesting, thoughtful question pertaining to the topic
· Answer a question (in detail) posted by another student or the
instructor
· Provide extensive additional information on the topic
· Explain, define, or analyze the topic in detail
· Share an applicable personal experience
· Provide an outside source that applies to the topic, along with
additional information about the topic or the source (please cite
properly in APA)
· Make an argument concerning the topic.
At least one scholarly source should be used in the initial
discussion thread. Be sure to use information from your
readings and other sources. Use proper citations and references
in your post.
300 words and 2 references.
Required Text
· Pearlson, K., Saunders, C., Galletta, D. (2020). Managing and
Using Information Systems: A Strategic Approach, 7th Edition.
Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN: 978-1119560562
Aligning IT and business strategy: an Australian university case
study
2. Alan Dent*
Information Systems and Infrastructure, Murdoch University,
Murdoch, WA, Australia
Alignment with business objectives is considered to be an
essential outcome of
information technology (IT) strategic planning. This case study
examines the process
of creating an IT strategy for an Australian university using an
industry standard
methodology. The degree of alignment is determined by
comparing the strategic
priorities supported by both the IT and university strategic
plans, using Sharrock’s
‘four agendas’ framework. The significant differences between
the two strategies are
examined and explained, revealing the need for IT strategic
planning methodologies to
include a framework to measure business alignment.
Keywords: alignment; business; information technology;
strategy
Introduction: technology in higher education
This case study presents an examination of the process of
creating an information
technology (IT) strategy for a small Australian university, and
the university’s attempt
to align IT to the business needs of the institution. The IT
strategy was developed over a
3-month period, commencing in March 2014, using a strategic
planning methodology
from an IT research and advisory firm.
3. The mass adoption of internet-enabled technologies and mobile
devices has
revolutionised both the way industries go about their business
and their consumers’
expectations. These devices are powered by constantly
improving communications
and computing infrastructure, which in turn is enabled by
Moore’s law, an observa-
tion about the rate of growth in semiconductor capacity
(doubling approximately
every two years). Moore’s law has become a metaphor for rapid
rates of growth/
change everywhere (Schaller, 1997, p. 58). Changing
technologies, services and
student/consumer expectations represent both an opportunity
and a threat for
universities everywhere, including Australian universities.
In their report on the effects of digital disruption on the
Australian economy, Deloitte
(2013) categorised education in the ‘Long Fuse, Big Bang’
quadrant, predicting a 15–50
per cent change in metrics over a period of 4–10 years, noting
government regulation as a
possible inhibitor of the rate of change. While the impact of
digital disruption is large, the
longer lead times give institutions a chance to (re)position
themselves to take advantage of
the new opportunities presented by the changing technology
landscape. In a report on the
future of Australian universities, Ernst and Young (2012)
identified the most significant
challenges currently facing higher education, including
technology, and highlighted three
business models likely to emerge in response to these
challenges: streamlined status-quo,
5. tions in any numbers. Referring to the concept as a ‘linkage’
rather than as an
alignment, they defined it as ‘the degree to which the IT
mission, objectives, and
plans, support and are supported by the business mission,
objectives, and plans’
(Reich & Benbasat, 1996, p. 56).
Alignment is a priority for higher education IT, the first three
items on the
EDUCAUSE top 10 issues of 2014 also focus on business/IT
alignment (Grajek, 2014).
Similarly, the Council of Australian University Directors of IT
(CAUDIT) also focuses on
providing business solutions and alignment (CAUDIT, 2014).
Table 1 shows how each
body describes and ranks these priorities.
Creating better alignment of business and IT strategies to
provide valuable solutions to
the business are goals that dominate the IT profession in all
industries, but different types
of organisations present different challenges for those
responsible for making this happen.
The challenges facing a publicly listed, for-profit manufacturing
company will be very
different from those faced by a university with multiple
missions and broad-ranging social
responsibilities inherent in the public good aspects of higher
education. In itself, IT culture
Table 1. Comparison of relative priorities of IT/business
alignment.
Business solutions Business/IT alignment
6. EDUCAUSE Priority 1 Priority 2
Improving student outcomes through an
institutional approach that
strategically leverages technology
Establishing a partnership between IT
leadership and institutional leadership to
develop a collective understanding of
what information technology can deliver
Priority 3
Assisting faculty with the instructional
integration of information technology
CAUDIT Priority 1 Priority 6
Supporting and enabling teaching and
learning
Establishing a partnership between IT
leadership and institutional leadership to
develop a collective understanding of
what information technology can deliver
Priority 2
Supporting and enabling research
Source: CAUDIT (2014) and Grajek (2014).
520 A. Dent
differs from academic culture. Drawing from Albrecht et al.
(2004), Table 2 highlights
some of the potential difficulties.
7. With this level of potential gap between the business and IT, the
process of developing the
strategy is important. Figure 1 from Albrecht et al. (2004)
shows three methods of developing
IT strategies, each demonstrating a different level of
engagement with the business.
The case study
In this case study, the approach to IT strategy development
followed by the university
was an Alignment model. In this model, the business strategy is
developed first, and
then business and IT leaders collaborate to produce an IT
strategy to support it
(Albrecht et al., 2004). In the case study, the delay between
creation of the business
and IT strategic plans was nearly 2 years. Overall, the IT
strategic planning approach
undertaken was based on the Gartner IT strategic planning
model shown in Figure 2
(Schulte, 2015).
Table 2. Comparison of differences between Academic and IT
culture.
IT culture Academic culture
Emergent profession Mature profession
Change agent Values tradition and scepticism
Institutional focus Disciplinary focus
Focus on production Focus on innovation
Quest for consensus and alignment Quest for truth
Organisational anonymity Reputation driven
Activities/services rendered transparent Labyrinthine processes
and practices
8. Speed is a valued objective Speed may be antithetical to quality
Short life cycle for products, services,
outcomes and underlying technology
Work products designed to endure for years, decades
or even centuries
Uses a highly idiosyncratic and technical
language to communicate intentions
Uses a different highly idiosyncratic and technical
language to communicate expectations
Source: Albrecht et al. (2004, p. 129).
Figure 1. Types of business/IT alignment (Albrecht et al., 2004,
p. 129).
Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 521
In the case study, the university’s nomenclature for these phases
was
1. IT strategic vision (Demand)
2. IT strategic plan (Control)
3. Implementation (Supply)
This paper focuses on the first of these phases, the IT strategic
vision. The primary
assumption underlying this phase is that it will provide the
connection and alignment of
IT to business strategy. Consultation in this phase involved
interviewing senior executive
staff and workshop groups with senior academic and
9. professional staff (deans and
directors) from several stakeholder communities: teaching staff,
research staff, profes-
sional staff, IT managers and students. The results of this
consultation were compiled into
an IT strategic vision document that was presented to, and
ratified by, the institution’s
senior leadership.
Methodology and analysis
In order to analyse the degree of business/IT alignment,
Sharrock’s ‘four management
agendas’ framework (2012) was applied. Produced from a
thematic analysis of Australian
university strategies, this presents a higher education industry-
specific set of institutional
priorities, as shown in Table 3.
The Sharrock model has been used to help assess the degree of
alignment between the
university strategic plan and the IT strategic vision. Using these
definitions, business
priorities are categorised into one of the four ‘management
agendas’ to allow valid
comparisons to be made. In order to determine the business
priorities for IT, the strategic
plan was examined for explicit or implied mentions of IT, or
concepts related to IT
capability. The results are shown in Table 4.
The case study university’s strategic plan itself contained very
few direct refer-
ences to IT, but several indirect references were present. For
example, new forms of
student engagement could reasonably be assumed to include
10. new technologies to
Figure 2. Gartner IT strategic planning model (Schulte, 2015).
522 A. Dent
supplement pedagogies. After duplication of items was taken
into account, the four
business priorities for IT remained. These are shown as rows in
Table 5, which
summarises the analysis. Initial analysis of the data using the
four management
agendas framework assigned each business priority to a single
management agenda.
Examination of these results gave an incomplete picture of the
agendas being
supported, as every priority clearly had impacts on other
agendas. As a result,
secondary categories were added to the analysis. Management
agendas in the sec-
ondary categories are considered to be agendas that are
supported as a consequence
of activity in the primary agenda.
Table 3. Four domains of university management.
Professional community (PC) Creative engagement (CE)
Shared aims, values and expertise; working with
high levels of commitment, trust and group
affinity
Pursuing learning, discovery and innovation;
involved in outreach and activism; and
seeking external partners to support creative
11. projects
System integrity (SI) Sustainable enterprise (SE)
Ensuring coherent processes to support
governance, planning, academic standards,
quality assurance, financial probity, efficiency
and effectiveness, and reporting
Attuned to trends in external market conditions
and government policy and funding settings;
with well-defined priorities, and an explicit
game plan to acquire and invest the resources
needed to build the capability to sustain
academic programmes
Source: Sharrock (2012).
Table 4. Case study university priorities and enabling resources.
University priorities Enabling resources
Learning and teaching New forms of student engagement
Modernisation of IT
Research Research collaboration
Engagement Modernisation of IT
Internationalisation High-quality IT
Enabling services Modern systems
High-quality IT as a tool for research, teaching and professional
operations
Table 5. Strategic plan management agendas for IT.
Priority
Primary
12. agenda
Secondary
agenda
New forms of student engagement CE PC and SE
Research collaboration tools CE PC and SE
Modernised systems and infrastructure SI SE, CE and PC
High-quality IT tools as an enabler of teaching, research and
professional operations
SE SI, CE and PC
Notes: CE, creative engagement; SE, sustainable enterprise; SI,
system integrity; PC, professional community.
Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 523
New forms of student engagement
IT is an implied enabler of this priority. The main drivers of
new forms of student
engagement will have to be people and pedagogy, that is, the
professional community
(PC) agenda, where shared values across staff groups support
the student experience.
While new technology and software tools will undoubtedly play
a supporting role in new
types of student engagement, so too will other factors, such as
the physical facilities, as
learning spaces are transformed from traditional tutorial rooms
and lecture theatres to
collaborative group learning spaces. The small, implied, IT
component of this priority
13. consists of communication/collaboration software and fits
primarily in the creative
engagement (CE) agenda, with its focus on learning,
engagement and innovation. The
wider PC agenda of this priority is enabled by the CE dimension
and is thus considered a
secondary agenda for IT.
Research collaboration tools
While internationalisation is described as the key element of the
overall strategy, research
is the common theme that binds all the plan’s priorities
together. The research section of
the strategic plan focuses on collaboration amongst researchers,
particularly from other
international institutions. The implied priority for IT is to
provide the technology required
to support this collaboration. Collaboration amongst researchers
is clearly located in the
PC domain; however, the technology required to support it is
primarily part of the CE
agenda, pursuing learning, discovery and innovation, and
external collaboration. The PC
agenda is supported as a consequence of the CE agenda and thus
is classified as a
secondary agenda.
Modernised systems and infrastructure
Unlike the previous two priorities, modernised systems and
infrastructure are direct
references to almost everything that is typically considered to
be IT. There are
enough potential arguments around the semantics of what could
be considered to
14. constitute a ‘modern’ system or piece of infrastructure to fill
another dissertation.
For the purposes of this discussion, ‘modern’ systems and
infrastructure are assumed
to be systems and equipment that are supported by vendors and
have a future
product development roadmap, or those that are actively
developed and supported
in-house.
Modernised systems and infrastructure primarily support a
system integrity (SI)
agenda, keeping the technology platform current, secure and fit-
for-purpose.
High-quality IT tools as an enabler of teaching, research and
professional operations
The final strategic priority is IT as an enabler of the business
operations of the university,
an objective consistent with those identified earlier by
EDUCAUSE and CAUDIT. Where
the previous priority was concerned with establishing a stable,
modern, operating plat-
form, this priority is about providing the tools and technologies
to meet the current and
emerging business needs of every facet of the university’s
operations including its ‘back
office’ operations such as finance and human resource
management.
524 A. Dent
Management agendas supported by IT
15. In order to rank the agendas, a simple weighted approach was
applied. An overall total
value of 1 was given to both primary and secondary instances,
with 0.5 allocated to each
category. A value per instance within categories was determined
by dividing 0.5 by the
number of instances in each category. Four primary instances
meant a value of 0.125 per
instance, and 10 secondary instances meant a value of 0.05 per
instance. The decimal
values have been converted to percentages and the scores are
summed to determine the
final priority ranking. The results of the analysis of the
management agendas are presented
below. The raw count of instances is shown first, with the
percentage figure presented
afterwards in parentheses (Table 6).
The final priority order of business agendas is thus:
1. Creative engagement
2. Sustainable enterprise
3. Professional community
4. System integrity
In order to be aligned to the business requirements laid out in
the strategic plan, the IT
strategic vision should support the management agendas in the
same order.
IT strategic vision management agendas: stakeholder feedback
In the case study, the IT strategic vision was constructed from
feedback gathered in
workshops and meetings held with senior executive and
16. stakeholder groups representing
the business areas of the university. Workshops were delivered
in a common format,
focusing on the four questions in the demand section of the
Gartner model. The results of
the workshops are summarised in Table 7, with the management
agenda domain shown in
parentheses.
A final, unofficial question was asked in each of the workshops:
‘what sort of
relationship do you want to have with IT, a client/service
provider relationship, or a
business partner relationship?’ The answer to this question was
unanimously ‘business
partner’. This observation is significant as it implies close
alignment and collaboration
between business areas and IT on high-value business priorities.
An answer of ‘client/
service provider’ would have indicated the type of relationship
where IT only provided
Table 6. Mapping of primary and secondary attributes.
Professional community (PC) Creative engagement (CE)
Primary 0 (0 per cent) Primary 2 (25 per cent)
Secondary 4 (20 per cent) Secondary 2 (10 per cent)
Total score: 20 per cent Total score 35 per cent
System integrity (SI) Sustainable enterprise (SE)
Primary 1 (12.5 per cent) Primary 1 (12.5 per cent)
Secondary 1 (5 per cent) Secondary 3 (15 per cent)
Total score 17.5 per cent Total score 27.5 per cent
Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 525
17. business areas with commodity-type services, for example,
desktop support or access
to the internet.
University environment and context
The first question attempted to contextualise the business
requirements of IT by situating
the university within its operating environment. As expected,
the themes identified by the
workshops represented a spread of management agendas.
The most notable omission from the themes that emerged from
this question was the
international dimension. It can be implied in ‘competition from
other universities’, but when
Table 7. IT strategic vision themes and management agendas.
Question 1: University environment and context – common
themes
● There is increasing competition from other universities as
well as TAFE and private providers
(SE)
● Educational technologies are changing the ways in which
students engage with learning (CE)
● Compliance and regulatory requirements have significant
impacts on the ability to undertake
one’s job (SI)
Question 2: ‘Business success’ – common themes
18. ● Highest possible level of student engagement (CE)
● Good management information which is used to underpin
continuous improvement in services
(SE)
● Fast, reliable, integrated systems (SI)
● Documented, streamlined and automated processes (SI)
● Up-to-date website – information required by both staff and
students (SI)
● Easy-to-use search function on the website (SI)
Question 3: ‘Business capabilities’ – common themes
● Integrated systems (SI)
● 24/7 support and response capability (SI)
● Clearly mapped and understood business processes (SI)
● Collaboration tools (CE/PC)
● Mobile, self-service, interactive services for students and
staff (CE)
● Facilitate the use of ‘bring your own device’ (CE)
Question 4: IT contribution to ‘business success’ – common
themes
● Enabling technologies that ‘makes the job easier’ (SE)
● Increased hours of support, ideally 24/7 (SI)
● A learning and teaching environment that is ‘geographically
independent’ (CE)
● Technology to provide trustworthy and reliable data as
information to support decision-making
(SI)
● Learning analytics required to support student recruitment and
target ‘at risk’ students (SI)
● Better integration of systems (SI)
19. Source: Case study university, 2014.
526 A. Dent
the stated theme of the strategic plan is internationalisation, it
is reasonable to assume that an
international connection should be explicit. Research is
similarly missing-in-action; the
absence of these two areas is a common feature of the themes
identified in the workshops.
Business success
This question identified what factors (not necessarily relating to
IT) business areas need to
succeed. The themes identified by this question show a heavy
bias towards the SI agenda.
Business capabilities
Business capabilities build from the business success question.
The answers here should
be a list of the capabilities that the business believes it needs to
facilitate business success.
Once again, these are not necessarily related to IT. The themes
identified by this question
do not quite reflect this intent. For example, while clearly
mapped and understood
business processes are a (highly) desirable requirement for
business success, they are
the product of a business process analysis and design capability,
rather than the capability
itself. Similarly, integrated systems are either the output of a
systems integration capability
20. or the prerequisite for an enterprise-wide business intelligence
capability.
During the workshops, this question consistently required the
facilitator to either
repeat it or attempt to clarify it. The Gartner model is intended
to be applicable to IT
operations across all industries, yet the results of this question
clearly show that in
the case of this question it did not quite translate into a higher
education context.
IT contribution to ‘business success'
The final question sought to identify where the business sees
that IT can make a
contribution to its operations. When attempting to achieve
alignment of business and IT
strategies, this is the most important question. The themes
identified by this question were
predominantly in the sustainable enterprise (SE) and SI
domains. On a raw count of the
number of themes identified, the SE agenda is dominant;
however, ‘Learning analytics
required to support student recruitment and target “at risk”
students’ is effectively a
student-specific subset of ‘Technology to provide trustworthy
and reliable data as infor-
mation to support decision-making’, making the SE and SI
count effectively even.
Where the themes in previous questions contained obvious
omissions from the
strategic plan, themes in this question are more reflective of it.
Student engagement
(CE) and enabling technologies (SE) feature in both, indicating
21. at least a partial alignment
between the strategic plan and the IT strategic vision.
Overall, the themes identified in the IT strategic vision
workshops showed a signifi-
cant bias towards items located in the SI management agenda.
While not wholly out of
step with the IT priorities from the strategic plan, which
contained a very broad SI
component on modernising systems and infrastructure, the bias
towards the SI agenda
for IT indicates a lack of alignment between the two strategies.
Analysing the strategic misalignment
Question 4 (IT contribution to ‘business success’) is the key
question when examining this
misalignment. Using the same framework used to analyse IT in
the strategic plan, the
Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 527
themes identified by question 4 have been categorised with both
primary and secondary
management agendas. The results are presented in Table 8.
Enabling technologies that make the job easier
This theme is a direct analogue of the strategic plan priority;
‘high-quality IT tools
as an enabler of teaching, research and professional operations’.
Primarily based in
the SE management agenda, enabling tools and technologies
that increase the
22. efficiency of business area operations will free up resources,
making them available
for other value-adding activities. Having such a broad primary
agenda, this theme
will consequentially support all the other management agendas.
Increased hours of support, ideally 24/7
This theme is very firmly based in the SI management agenda,
supporting system access,
accuracy and security. Equally important in this theme is the
support of the people side of
the equation, providing expert assistance and advice for
business areas in the use of the
systems. By primarily supporting the SI agenda, this item
services all other agendas in a
secondary capacity.
Learning and teaching environment that is geographically
independent
Geographically independent learning and teaching environments
are a subset of the ‘new
forms of student engagement’ strategic plan priority. High-
quality, geographically inde-
pendent, online learning environments are part of the CE
management agenda, providing
the toolset on which new learning materials, optimised for
online delivery, can be built.
The PC and SE agendas are secondarily served by this theme.
Providing the tools that
support the further development of a PC of scholars and
students helps maintain the
relevance and viability of the institution.
Table 8. Analysis of question 4: IT contribution to ‘business
23. success’.
Workshop theme
Primary
agenda
Secondary
agenda
Enabling technologies that ‘makes the job easier’ SE SI, CE and
PC
Increased hours of support, ideally 24/7 SI SE, CE and PC
A learning and teaching environment that is ‘geographically
independent’
CE PC and SE
Technology to provide trustworthy and reliable data as
information
to support decision-making
SI SE
Learning analytics required to support student recruitment and
target
‘at risk’ students
SI SE
Better integration of systems SI SE, CE and PC
528 A. Dent
Technology to provide trustworthy and reliable data as
24. information to support
decision-making
The technology and reporting capability to support management
decision-making is
located in the SI management agenda. The technology
presentation layer will be the
most visible aspect of this theme to the business, whether it be
via simple tabular reports
in spread sheets or advanced data visualisations. However, the
majority of the work
required to deliver this capability actually lies in integrating the
underlying systems and
defining common definitions of the data to report on. This
theme is tightly tied to the SE
secondary agenda, which uses the reporting information output
of this theme as its key
input.
Learning analytics required to support student recruitment and
target ‘at risk’ students
This theme is a student-specific subset of the previous theme
and has been classified in the
same way.
Better integration of systems
The final IT strategic vision workshop theme also supports the
SI management agenda. As
noted in the previous two themes, it is a foundation requirement
for good management
reporting. Being broader than the previous two themes,
however, this theme provides
secondary support for all the other management agendas. While
reliable management
25. information underpins SE decision-making, better systems
integration also supports the
PC and CE agendas by bringing disparate systems together and
allowing their information
to be used in new and different ways to connect staff, students
and the community.
Management agendas supported by themes identified in the IT
strategic planning
workshops
In order to make a valid comparison, the same weighting regime
used in the strategic plan
analysis above was applied; the results are presented in Table 9.
Final comparison of agendas
The final results of the comparison between the management
agendas defined in the
strategic plan and those identified in the IT strategic vision
workshops are given in
Table 10.
Table 9. Summary of IT strategic plan themes.
Professional community (PC) Creative engagement (CE)
Primary 0 (0 per cent) Primary 1 (8 per cent)
Secondary 4 (15 per cent) Secondary 3 (12 per cent)
Total score: 15 per cent Total score 20 per cent
System integrity (SI) Sustainable enterprise (SE)
Primary 4 (33 per cent) Primary 1 (8 per cent)
Secondary 1 (4 per cent) Secondary 5 (20 per cent)
Total score 37 per cent Total score 28 per cent
Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 529
26. The most striking difference between the two is the relative
position of the SI agenda.
While SI was the least important agenda item for the strategic
plan, participants in the IT
strategic planning workshops identified it as their number one
agenda and relegated the
strategic plan’s top agenda for IT, CE, to third place, at less
than half the value previously
assigned to it. The results were not completely dissonant,
however; both exercises rated
the SE agenda second, giving it almost exactly the same
weighted score.
This emphasis on the SI agenda clearly stood out. While the
answer to the final,
unofficial, workshop question on the type of relationship
business areas wanted with IT
was always ‘business partner’, the focus of the answers given
throughout the workshop
had all felt heavily biased towards the type of commodity
services that typify the lowest
end of the SI agenda, desktop support, printing and bigger staff
email inboxes for
example. The ranking of SI as the top agenda supports this
observation.
Creation of the IT strategic vision
The final steps in the methodology were the creation of the IT
strategic vision and its
approval by the case study university’s senior executive group.
The analysis of the results,
however, shows a misalignment of the priorities in the strategic
plan and IT strategic
27. vision. The question this raises is, what (if anything) went
wrong with the process that
was supposed to provide business and IT alignment?
Findings on the process of alignment
In the development of the IT strategic vision, alignment with
the university’s business
objectives was intended to occur as a result of a number of key
factors in the creation
process:
1. Use of the Gartner IT strategic planning framework
2. Wide and representative stakeholder engagement
3. A senior executive check point at the end of each phase
Each of these elements was present in the IT strategic vision
creation process, and yet the
analysis of management agendas shows that the end result was
not fully aligned: the result
of the workshops gave top priority to a different management
agenda than the strategic
plan. The question is why?
Table 10. Final comparison of agendas.
Agendas
University strategic
plan (per cent)
IT strategic vision
workshops (per cent)
Creative engagement 35 20
Sustainable enterprise 27.5 28
Professional community 20 15
28. System integrity 17.5 37
530 A. Dent
IT strategic planning framework
The Gartner IT strategic planning framework is a generic
framework designed to be
applied to many industries. Using it in a higher education
institution is no more or less
valid than using it in a retail, mining or professional services
organisation. The
practical experience of the workshops revealed that there was a
level of disconnect
between the intent of, and responses to, some of the questions.
This can be attributed
to a level of confusion over the terminology, particularly around
the capabilities
question (question 3). Ultimately, however, the results of that
question were still
consistent with the results of the entire workshop.
The only gap in framework in the case study context is its over-
reliance on the senior
executive ‘checkpoint’ to assure alignment. In this case, it
would have been useful had the
model also included a method with which to quantify alignment.
Stakeholder engagement
The assumption that engaging with a wide range of senior
stakeholders from every level
of the business would result in an IT strategic vision aligned
with the business strategy
29. was the foundation of the planning process. The stakeholders
contributing to the IT
strategic vision workshops were all senior staff. As such they
could reasonably be
expected to be aligning their business requirements with those
of the strategic plan and
yet this did not seem to fully happen.
The difference between the business agendas identified in the
strategic plan and the IT
strategic vision workshops can also be explained in part by
timing. The strategic plan was
constructed and released in 2012. Over the two years between
the release of strategic plan
and the IT strategic vision workshops, the university undertook
a number of other
significant business initiatives, including
● a curriculum review and implementation of new degree
structures;
● creation of a research strategy;
● restructure of the Academy, halving the number of schools;
● recruitment of all new school deans;
● review of transnational offerings;
● restructure of professional services, halving the number of
directorates.
As well as these major changes, some others that are significant
to the strategic
business/IT alignment did not occur, most notably the creation
of strategies to
support two core priorities of the strategic plan, in Teaching &
Learning and in
Engagement.
Rather than representing a misalignment between business and
30. IT strategies, the
results of the workshop show IT aligning with an evolving
business strategy. In describing
the Learning School of strategy, Mintzberg et al. note that
strategies ‘emerge as people . . .
come to learn about a situation as well as their organization's
capability of dealing with it’
(Mintzberg, Ahlstrand, & Lampel, 1998, p. 176). As a result of
the implementation of the
strategic plan, the major initiatives listed above were
undertaken at what can only be
described as breakneck speed for a university.
All the major areas of institutional operations, both academic
and professional,
have been affected by these changes, with most areas being
impacted by multiple
Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 531
simultaneous initiatives. The results of such an ambitious
programme conducted over
such optimistic timeframes inevitably include a period of lag as
policies, procedures
and systems catch up to changing business processes and
requirements. In this type of
environment, the SI management agenda is clearly needed.
While the core of the
strategic plan remains the same, the results of the IT strategic
vision workshops are
reflective of an evolution of the business strategy as it adapts to
the implementation of
the overall strategic plan. The workshops provided the vehicle
to identify changing
31. strategic business needs and translate them into a series of
management priority
agendas for IT that differed from the original university
strategic plan, but were still
ultimately supportive of it.
Senior executive ‘checkpoint’
The Gartner model makes allowances for a potential
misalignment between the business
strategy in the form of a senior executive ‘checkpoint’ on
completion of the first stage. In
the absence of an alignment analysis framework, any
determination on the alignment of
the IT strategic vision with the university’s strategic plan was a
subjective judgement. The
process of creating the vision did not include any formal
measures of alignment or any
framework for comparing them. Had a structured analysis been
performed, it would have
highlighted the discrepancy between the results of the IT
strategic vision workshops and
the strategic plan identified above.
Ultimately the identification of an apparent misalignment
between business and
IT strategies does not have to make any difference to the overall
IT strategy. The
senior executive accepted the IT strategic vision despite the
apparent misalignment
of the results of the workshops with the strategic plan. It does,
however, encourage
an extra level of investigation into the reasons for the
difference, which will, if
nothing else, result in a better understanding of the business
needs the IT strategy is
32. attempting to align to, and the IT capability that may inform
‘emergent’ strategic
options.
Conclusion
The objective of this paper was to examine the process of
attempting to align a university
IT strategy with the institution’s business strategy, using one
university’s experience as a
case study. The process the university followed to produce an
IT strategy aligned with the
needs of the business can ultimately be considered successful,
despite producing an IT
strategic vision based on a different set of management agendas
from those set out in the
strategic plan. Starting from a position where the strategic plan
primarily supported a CE
agenda, the process of gathering requirements through
workshops revealed that what the
business areas actually required was in the SI agenda. This
change in management
agendas was the result of an ‘emergent’ evolution of the
business strategy, where order
and control is now required after a series of institution-wide
initiatives changing many of
the fundamental operating parameters.
The process could be improved with the addition of an explicit
framework or more
sophisticated way to measure business/IT alignment. This would
provide a solid, quantifi-
able measure that could be used as a cross-check before taking
the completed IT strategic
vision to the senior executive group. If, as in this case study,
workshops produce a
33. contrasting view of priorities, these can either be re-examined
or explained before
532 A. Dent
presenting the final output. Either scenario will result in a
better understanding of IT
capabilities and their potentially closer alignment with business
needs.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.
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1
Chapter 1
The Information Systems Strategy Triangle