Discussion Board Unit4 Proof Requirements and Sentencing Due Date: Initial post- Wed, Reply post -Sun, Points Possible: 75
The discussion assignment for this week includes a review of the Key Assignment Outline completed by one of your classmates, as well as a substantial response to at least one other student.
Primary Task Response: Your first task is to post your own Key Assignment Outline to the discussion area so that other students are able to review your plan. Attach your document to the main discussion post, and include any notes you feel are appropriate. The purpose of this assignment is to help improve the quality of the Key Assignment Draft you will complete next week.
Respond to Another Student: Review at least 1 other student's Key Assignment Outline and provide meaningful feedback. Refrain from general feedback, such as simply stating "good job." Your feedback to other students is most helpful if you not only point out weak areas but also offer suggestions for improvement. The best feedback takes a three-stage approach to identify what was done well, weaknesses, and areas for improvement.
Discussion Board Unit 4 Proof Requirements and Sentencing Due Date: Initial-Wed, Reply- Sun, Points Possible: 75
post an outline of their Key Assignment to the Discussion Board as part of your main post. The main post should include any necessary notes regarding the outline. You should complete at least 1 quality response to a classmate during the week using the three-stage approach to identify the following:
what was done well
weaknesses
areas for improvement
There is an expectation that grammar, spelling, punctuation, and format are correct and professional.
Individual Project Unit 4: Proof Requirements and Sentencing Due: Mon, see class Grading 150 Length: 1,250–1,500 words
Key Assignment
While working an undercover detail in a neighborhood known for drug activity, you notice a vehicle stopped at the intersection waiting for the light to change. The man in the vehicle makes eye contact with you. You approach his vehicle and begin carrying on a conversation with him. You ask him if he needs anything, and he responds by asking you, “What do you have?” You ask him what he is looking for, and he tells you he is looking to score. You show him a small bag containing a white powdery substance; he asks how much, and you respond, "20 dollars." He hands you a $20 bill, and you give him the bag and tip your hat to signal that the transaction was completed. At this time, the man drives off and is stopped a block away by a marked unit. The individual is placed under arrest for drug possession and purchasing drugs, and he is taken to jail.
The individual is charged with possession of a controlled substance. At his trial, he claimed that he was a victim of entrapment by the police. He was found guilty and sentenced to serve 5 years in jail and given credit for the 3 months he already had served in jail.
Assignment Guidelines
Address.
Assignment Reflection You looked quite critically at the US Co.docxfredharris32
Assignment : Reflection
You looked quite critically at the US Constitution and engaged in some controversial discussions. Be assured that you were not alone and that your classmates had a similar experience, although maybe not regarding the same issues that you found to be controversial.
In at least 250 words, post to the Discussion Area your answers to the following questions:
· Which reading assignments were the most challenging to you?
· In what way did they challenge you?
· What measures did you take to overcome the challenges?
· What is your learning from these challenges that you would like to share with your classmates?
· In your readings, which constitutional issues did you find controversial? What insight that you gained through your discussions of these controversial issues would you like to share with your classmates?
Professor
Very informative post, fenan. For you classmates, can you elaborate on what "harmless error" means?
Thanks for the early post! Great job.
Student 1 Post
Which reading assignments were the most challenging to you?
The reading assignments that was most challenging to me was learning more about probable Cause, Stop & Frisk and Miranda Case. These assignments have challenge my mindset to understand how criminal justice and laws must be used.
In what way did they challenge you?
The way they challenge me was also giving important information that I didn’t know about how law was created. Learning new information is very knowledgeable and must be used with important needs. Many laws changes each year and all law enforcement officials should know the laws to conduct their duties to which they have taken an oath by.
What measures did you take to overcome the challenges?
Some measure that I used to overcome these challenges were learning more about how criminal procedure is conducted, understanding about what the criminal justice system is and focusing my knowledge better to use in my law enforcement career.
What is your learning from these challenges that you would like to share with your classmates?
I have learned a great deal upon how to use Criminal Procedure as a school setting to understand further what laws that are used in courtroom cases. I believe in many new learning strategies to one day may become someone important. With challenges come better learners to create any standards that are what we stand for.
In your readings, which constitutional issues did you find controversial? What insight that you gained through your discussions of these controversial issues would you like to share with your classmates?
A Constitutional issues that I found controversial are The Charging Decision vs deciding Not to Prosecute.
The Charging Decision
The prosecutor generally has the authority to decide whether to proceed with charges. This is known as prosecutorial discretion. He or she can elect not to charge for a number of reasons, even over strenuous objection on the part of the complainant or victim. The pr ...
Chapter 21 - The Investigator and the Legal System1.docxwalterl4
Chapter 21 - The Investigator and the Legal System
1
The decisions investigators must make involve a great deal of discretion.
Investigators must consider what may be termed risk factors.
2
Investigators must consider what may be termed risk factors.
Some police officers and criminal investigators are not fully aware of the order in
3
which a trial is conducted because time often prohibits them from attending a
complete trail from beginning to end. Also, witnesses are often sequestered from
the courtroom before and after giving testimony. This very common practice is used
to minimize the possibility that a witness’s testimony might be affected by other
witnesses’ testimony.
The courtroom process begins with the selection and swearing in of a jury. Jury
selection can last a few hours or a few weeks, depending on the selection process
and the nature of the case. The jury panel from whom the jurors in the trial will
eventually be picked is called a venire.
The steps in the trial process include: direct examination, cross-examination,
redirect examination, re-cross examination, the rebuttal, surrebuttal, and closing
arguments.
Evidence can be defined as anything that tends logically to prove or disprove
a fact at issue in a judicial case or controversy.
4
a fact at issue in a judicial case or controversy.
The rules of evidence are designed primarily to keep a jury from hearing or
seeing improper evidence, and the first rule of evidence is designed to set
parameters on the above definition of evidence.
Proof may be defined as the combination of all those facts—of all the evidence—in
5
determining the guilt or innocence of a person accused of a crime.
The pie chart above illustrates how several different pieces of evidence can
be put together in order to constitute proof of guilt.
6
be put together in order to constitute proof of guilt.
The doctrine of judicial notice is an evidentiary shortcut. Judicial notice is designed
7
to speed up the trial and eliminate the necessity of formally proving the truth of a
particular matter when the truth is not in dispute.
Direct Evidence
8
Direct evidence usually is the testimony of witnesses that ties the defendant
directly to the commission of the crime, such as the testimony of an
eyewitness who can positively state that the defendant committed the crime.
Real Evidence
Sometimes referred to as “physical evidence,” real evidence is connected
with the commission of the crime and can be produced in court.
Demonstrative Evidence
Demonstrative, or illustrative, evidence is not identical to real evidence even
though the items introduced are tangible. It consists of maps, diagrams,
sketches, photographs, tape recordings, videotapes, X-rays, and visual tests
and demonstrations produced to assist witnesses in explaining their
testimony.
Circumstantial Evidence
9
It is a myth that one cannot be convicted of a crime solely o.
this is the scenaro this is a discussion not a paperHSA515 Wee.docxshandicollingwood
this is the scenaro this is a discussion not a paper
HSA515 Week 4 Scenario Script:
Health Care Policy, Law, and Ethics -
Civil Procedures, Practices and Corporate Structure
Slide #
Scene/Interaction
Narration
Slide 1
Scene 1: Exterior Strayer University Building/Classroom
Slide 2
Scene 2
Professor Charles enters classroom and introduces the topics for today’s lesson and begins the lecture.
Prof Charles
: Hello everyone….welcome back to class. Today, we are going to discuss civil procedures, practices, and corporate structure.
Trials, especially jury trials, are vital to fostering the respect of the public in the civil justice system. Trials do not represent the failure of the system. This class is important in understanding the law as it applies to the courtroom. Although many of the procedures leading up to and followed during a trial will be discussed, civil procedures and trial practice are governed by each state’s statutory requirements. Cases on a federal level are governed by federal statutory requirements.
The pleadings of a case are the written statements of fact and law filed with a court by the parties to a lawsuit. The
complaint
is the first pleading in a lawsuit that is filed by the plaintiff. A
demurrer
is a pleading filed by a defendant challenging the legal sufficiency of a complaint. An
answer
to a complaint is a pleading, which admits or denies the specific allegations set forth in the complaint and constitutes a general appearance by a defendant. A
bill of particulars
is a request for a written itemization of the claims, which a defendant can demand from the plaintiff to determine what the details of a claim are. A defendant may also file a cross-compliant and bring other parties into a law suit by the process.
Let’s first discuss the summons and complaint. Who can tell us what a summons and a complaint are?
Casey:
A summon is a service of process on a defendant and a return to the court of that process by the person who served it. In other words, it is when an issue has been called in the courts to come back together. And, Wow, a complaint
is any formal legal document that is issued by the plantiff to hopefully supports a claim against someone or a group.
Donald
: A first pleading filed with the court in a negligence action is the complaint. The complaint identifies the parties to a suit, states a cause of action, and includes a demand for damages. The complaint is filed by the plaintiff and is the first statement of a case by the plaintiff against the defendant.
Prof. Charles
: Absolutely… What specific formalities must be observed in the service of a summons for proper jurisdiction?
Casey
: The formalities dictate the manner in which a summons is to be delivered, the period within which service must be effected, and the geographical limitations which service must be made. Where the service cannot be possible, the action may have to be brought into a different court.
Prof. Charles
: What may the.
Assignment Reflection You looked quite critically at the US Co.docxfredharris32
Assignment : Reflection
You looked quite critically at the US Constitution and engaged in some controversial discussions. Be assured that you were not alone and that your classmates had a similar experience, although maybe not regarding the same issues that you found to be controversial.
In at least 250 words, post to the Discussion Area your answers to the following questions:
· Which reading assignments were the most challenging to you?
· In what way did they challenge you?
· What measures did you take to overcome the challenges?
· What is your learning from these challenges that you would like to share with your classmates?
· In your readings, which constitutional issues did you find controversial? What insight that you gained through your discussions of these controversial issues would you like to share with your classmates?
Professor
Very informative post, fenan. For you classmates, can you elaborate on what "harmless error" means?
Thanks for the early post! Great job.
Student 1 Post
Which reading assignments were the most challenging to you?
The reading assignments that was most challenging to me was learning more about probable Cause, Stop & Frisk and Miranda Case. These assignments have challenge my mindset to understand how criminal justice and laws must be used.
In what way did they challenge you?
The way they challenge me was also giving important information that I didn’t know about how law was created. Learning new information is very knowledgeable and must be used with important needs. Many laws changes each year and all law enforcement officials should know the laws to conduct their duties to which they have taken an oath by.
What measures did you take to overcome the challenges?
Some measure that I used to overcome these challenges were learning more about how criminal procedure is conducted, understanding about what the criminal justice system is and focusing my knowledge better to use in my law enforcement career.
What is your learning from these challenges that you would like to share with your classmates?
I have learned a great deal upon how to use Criminal Procedure as a school setting to understand further what laws that are used in courtroom cases. I believe in many new learning strategies to one day may become someone important. With challenges come better learners to create any standards that are what we stand for.
In your readings, which constitutional issues did you find controversial? What insight that you gained through your discussions of these controversial issues would you like to share with your classmates?
A Constitutional issues that I found controversial are The Charging Decision vs deciding Not to Prosecute.
The Charging Decision
The prosecutor generally has the authority to decide whether to proceed with charges. This is known as prosecutorial discretion. He or she can elect not to charge for a number of reasons, even over strenuous objection on the part of the complainant or victim. The pr ...
Chapter 21 - The Investigator and the Legal System1.docxwalterl4
Chapter 21 - The Investigator and the Legal System
1
The decisions investigators must make involve a great deal of discretion.
Investigators must consider what may be termed risk factors.
2
Investigators must consider what may be termed risk factors.
Some police officers and criminal investigators are not fully aware of the order in
3
which a trial is conducted because time often prohibits them from attending a
complete trail from beginning to end. Also, witnesses are often sequestered from
the courtroom before and after giving testimony. This very common practice is used
to minimize the possibility that a witness’s testimony might be affected by other
witnesses’ testimony.
The courtroom process begins with the selection and swearing in of a jury. Jury
selection can last a few hours or a few weeks, depending on the selection process
and the nature of the case. The jury panel from whom the jurors in the trial will
eventually be picked is called a venire.
The steps in the trial process include: direct examination, cross-examination,
redirect examination, re-cross examination, the rebuttal, surrebuttal, and closing
arguments.
Evidence can be defined as anything that tends logically to prove or disprove
a fact at issue in a judicial case or controversy.
4
a fact at issue in a judicial case or controversy.
The rules of evidence are designed primarily to keep a jury from hearing or
seeing improper evidence, and the first rule of evidence is designed to set
parameters on the above definition of evidence.
Proof may be defined as the combination of all those facts—of all the evidence—in
5
determining the guilt or innocence of a person accused of a crime.
The pie chart above illustrates how several different pieces of evidence can
be put together in order to constitute proof of guilt.
6
be put together in order to constitute proof of guilt.
The doctrine of judicial notice is an evidentiary shortcut. Judicial notice is designed
7
to speed up the trial and eliminate the necessity of formally proving the truth of a
particular matter when the truth is not in dispute.
Direct Evidence
8
Direct evidence usually is the testimony of witnesses that ties the defendant
directly to the commission of the crime, such as the testimony of an
eyewitness who can positively state that the defendant committed the crime.
Real Evidence
Sometimes referred to as “physical evidence,” real evidence is connected
with the commission of the crime and can be produced in court.
Demonstrative Evidence
Demonstrative, or illustrative, evidence is not identical to real evidence even
though the items introduced are tangible. It consists of maps, diagrams,
sketches, photographs, tape recordings, videotapes, X-rays, and visual tests
and demonstrations produced to assist witnesses in explaining their
testimony.
Circumstantial Evidence
9
It is a myth that one cannot be convicted of a crime solely o.
this is the scenaro this is a discussion not a paperHSA515 Wee.docxshandicollingwood
this is the scenaro this is a discussion not a paper
HSA515 Week 4 Scenario Script:
Health Care Policy, Law, and Ethics -
Civil Procedures, Practices and Corporate Structure
Slide #
Scene/Interaction
Narration
Slide 1
Scene 1: Exterior Strayer University Building/Classroom
Slide 2
Scene 2
Professor Charles enters classroom and introduces the topics for today’s lesson and begins the lecture.
Prof Charles
: Hello everyone….welcome back to class. Today, we are going to discuss civil procedures, practices, and corporate structure.
Trials, especially jury trials, are vital to fostering the respect of the public in the civil justice system. Trials do not represent the failure of the system. This class is important in understanding the law as it applies to the courtroom. Although many of the procedures leading up to and followed during a trial will be discussed, civil procedures and trial practice are governed by each state’s statutory requirements. Cases on a federal level are governed by federal statutory requirements.
The pleadings of a case are the written statements of fact and law filed with a court by the parties to a lawsuit. The
complaint
is the first pleading in a lawsuit that is filed by the plaintiff. A
demurrer
is a pleading filed by a defendant challenging the legal sufficiency of a complaint. An
answer
to a complaint is a pleading, which admits or denies the specific allegations set forth in the complaint and constitutes a general appearance by a defendant. A
bill of particulars
is a request for a written itemization of the claims, which a defendant can demand from the plaintiff to determine what the details of a claim are. A defendant may also file a cross-compliant and bring other parties into a law suit by the process.
Let’s first discuss the summons and complaint. Who can tell us what a summons and a complaint are?
Casey:
A summon is a service of process on a defendant and a return to the court of that process by the person who served it. In other words, it is when an issue has been called in the courts to come back together. And, Wow, a complaint
is any formal legal document that is issued by the plantiff to hopefully supports a claim against someone or a group.
Donald
: A first pleading filed with the court in a negligence action is the complaint. The complaint identifies the parties to a suit, states a cause of action, and includes a demand for damages. The complaint is filed by the plaintiff and is the first statement of a case by the plaintiff against the defendant.
Prof. Charles
: Absolutely… What specific formalities must be observed in the service of a summons for proper jurisdiction?
Casey
: The formalities dictate the manner in which a summons is to be delivered, the period within which service must be effected, and the geographical limitations which service must be made. Where the service cannot be possible, the action may have to be brought into a different court.
Prof. Charles
: What may the.
Autonomy in Aviation Miracle on the HudsonOn January 15.docxjasoninnes20
Autonomy in Aviation: Miracle on the Hudson
On January 15, 2009, US Airways Flight 1549 took off from New York City's LaGuardia airport bound for Charlotte, North Carolina. What should have been a routine flight, flown by highly experienced crewmembers took a shocking turn when it struck multiple Canadian geese and lost thrust in both engines. While everyone is familiar with the pilot's decision to land on the Hudson River, most have not analyzed it from the perspective of automation and how it can inform a discussion about the future role of human beings versus automation or artificial intelligence in future aviation operations.
For this assignment, make sure to review the module resources related to this assignment and answer the following questions in the discussion:
1. What level of automation was present in the Airbus A320-214 that the crew was flying that day?
2. Could a fully autonomous piloting system have landed safely at an airport?
· Why or why not?
3. What assets if any, does a human being in the loop bring to the situation that an autonomous system does not?
4. What does this make you think about the future of UAS integrating into the National Airspace System and the appropriate levels of automation that should be incorporated into their design?
· Provide a short paper submission of at least400 words total.
· Use reference citations in APA format.
· Add a Reference section to the end of the paper.
BCJ 3801, Criminal Evidence and Legal Issues 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
2. Identify the four main types of criminal evidence used in trials.
2.1 Summarize the history of one of the main types of criminal evidence used in trials.
6. Assess the role of the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination.
6.1 Outline the various ways the Fifth Amendment offers immunity from prosecution to witnesses.
9. Discuss the role of competency evaluations in criminal proceedings.
9.1 Assess the advances in determining the admissibility of competency evaluations as criminal
evidence in trials.
Reading Assignment
Chapter 5: Witnesses—Lay and Expert
Chapter 6: Credibility and Impeachment
Unit Lesson
One of the primary sources of evidence is a witness. Once someone has personal knowledge of the facts of a
case, he or she becomes a potential witness for that case. Witnesses are subpoenaed to ensure that they will
appear in court to testify. Witnesses can also receive a subpoena duces, tecum that requires the person to
bring specific items to court. This may be in addition to the requirement of his or her testimony in court. The
two general categories of witnesses are lay and expert.
An individual must personally know case-related facts in order to be considered a lay witness. In addition, the
court will request that this person present the case-related information to the court. Lay witnesses are
primarily required to t ...
Assignment ContentTo learn how to apply SPCM to a process,.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
To learn how to apply SPCM to a process, continue the flow chart from Week 1 and identify variances within a process. You can find variances from the data identified in Week 1.
Complete
the
Week 2 Statistical Process Control Methods Worksheet.
.
Assignment ContentTo prepare for the Week 2 Assessment, .docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
To prepare for the Week 2 Assessment,
consider
a past or current professional experience where a culture change was needed.
Using the
Organizational Change Chart
,
outline
information about the experience and organization following Kotter’s 8-Step to Change Model as a guiding line.
Kotter's 8-Step Change Model
Step One: Create Urgency.
Step Two: Form a Powerful Coalition.
Step Three: Create a Vision for Change.
Step Four: Communicate the Vision.
Step Five: Remove Obstacles.
Step Six: Create Short-Term Wins.
Step Seven: Build on the Change.
Step Eight: Anchor the Changes in Corporate Culture.
.
Assignment ContentThroughout this course you will study the di.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
Throughout this course you will study the different roles that contribute to an organization's information security and assurance.
Part A:
Select
an organization you wish to explore and use throughout the course.
As you make your selection, keep in mind that you will explore the following roles in the organization: Cyber Security Threat Analyst, Penetration Tester, Cyber Security Engineer, Risk Management Analyst, and Software Engineer. You need sufficient knowledge of the organization you select to complete these security assignments.
Part B:
A Cyber Security Threat Analyst conducts analysis, digital forensics, and targeting to identify, monitor, assess, and counter cyber-attack threats against information systems, critical infrastructure, and cyber-related interests.
Take on the role of a Cyber Security Threat Analyst for the organization you select. Use the
Threats, Attacks, and Vulnerability Assessment Template
to
create
a 3- to 4-page assessment document.
Research
and
include
the following:
Tangible assets:
Include an assessment scope. The scope must include virtualization, cloud, database, network, mobile, and information system.
Asset descriptions:
Include a system model, A diagram and descriptions of each asset included in the assessment scope, and existing countermeasures already in place. (Microsoft® Visio® or Lucidhart®)
Threat agents and possible attacks
Exploitable vulnerabilities
Threat history
Evaluation of threats or impact of threats on the business
A prioritized list of identified risks
Countermeasures to reduce threat
Note:
The page assignment length requirement applies to the content of the assignment. Start the assignment with an APA formatted title page and add a reference section with at least two professional references. Use the references in the text of the assignment. For assignments that require use of the template, insert the completed template into the APA document. Delete the assignment instructions from the document. This will improve the originality score from Safe Assign. Make sure to check the SafeAssign originality score.
.
Assignment ContentThroughout this course, you have been using .docxelinoraudley582231
assignment Content
Throughout this course, you have been using different analysis strategies to determine best practices for developing your business plan. It’s time to develop a strategic plan that will help you determine where your business is now, where you want to take it, and how you will get there. Your strategic plan will help you implement and manage the strategic direction of your company. In addition, you will communicate the direction of your company to stakeholders.
Develop
a strategic plan for the company that you selected at the beginning of your MBA program and share your plan with stakeholders.
Create
a 13- to 15-slide presentation for key stakeholders to solicit their approval of your strategic plan. Address the following in your presentation:
An introduction with mission and vision statements
Core values, ethics, and social responsibility principles
Analysis of the company’s:
Internal environment (e.g. strengths and weaknesses related to resources, trademarks, patents, copyrights, or current processes)
External environment (e.g. opportunities and threats related to market trends, economic trends, demographics, or regulations)
An evaluation of internal and external environment’s impact on achieving the company strategy
Create a strategic objective for the company.
Create short- and long-term goals for achieving the company’s strategic plan.
Determine methods for collecting data and measuring success of the strategic plan.
Include
APA-formatted in-text citations and a reference page.
Cite
at least 3 peer-reviewed documents.
Note
: You may include your textbook as 1 of the sources.
Submit
your assignment.
.
More Related Content
Similar to Discussion Board Unit4 Proof Requirements and Sentencing Due.docx
Autonomy in Aviation Miracle on the HudsonOn January 15.docxjasoninnes20
Autonomy in Aviation: Miracle on the Hudson
On January 15, 2009, US Airways Flight 1549 took off from New York City's LaGuardia airport bound for Charlotte, North Carolina. What should have been a routine flight, flown by highly experienced crewmembers took a shocking turn when it struck multiple Canadian geese and lost thrust in both engines. While everyone is familiar with the pilot's decision to land on the Hudson River, most have not analyzed it from the perspective of automation and how it can inform a discussion about the future role of human beings versus automation or artificial intelligence in future aviation operations.
For this assignment, make sure to review the module resources related to this assignment and answer the following questions in the discussion:
1. What level of automation was present in the Airbus A320-214 that the crew was flying that day?
2. Could a fully autonomous piloting system have landed safely at an airport?
· Why or why not?
3. What assets if any, does a human being in the loop bring to the situation that an autonomous system does not?
4. What does this make you think about the future of UAS integrating into the National Airspace System and the appropriate levels of automation that should be incorporated into their design?
· Provide a short paper submission of at least400 words total.
· Use reference citations in APA format.
· Add a Reference section to the end of the paper.
BCJ 3801, Criminal Evidence and Legal Issues 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
2. Identify the four main types of criminal evidence used in trials.
2.1 Summarize the history of one of the main types of criminal evidence used in trials.
6. Assess the role of the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination.
6.1 Outline the various ways the Fifth Amendment offers immunity from prosecution to witnesses.
9. Discuss the role of competency evaluations in criminal proceedings.
9.1 Assess the advances in determining the admissibility of competency evaluations as criminal
evidence in trials.
Reading Assignment
Chapter 5: Witnesses—Lay and Expert
Chapter 6: Credibility and Impeachment
Unit Lesson
One of the primary sources of evidence is a witness. Once someone has personal knowledge of the facts of a
case, he or she becomes a potential witness for that case. Witnesses are subpoenaed to ensure that they will
appear in court to testify. Witnesses can also receive a subpoena duces, tecum that requires the person to
bring specific items to court. This may be in addition to the requirement of his or her testimony in court. The
two general categories of witnesses are lay and expert.
An individual must personally know case-related facts in order to be considered a lay witness. In addition, the
court will request that this person present the case-related information to the court. Lay witnesses are
primarily required to t ...
Assignment ContentTo learn how to apply SPCM to a process,.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
To learn how to apply SPCM to a process, continue the flow chart from Week 1 and identify variances within a process. You can find variances from the data identified in Week 1.
Complete
the
Week 2 Statistical Process Control Methods Worksheet.
.
Assignment ContentTo prepare for the Week 2 Assessment, .docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
To prepare for the Week 2 Assessment,
consider
a past or current professional experience where a culture change was needed.
Using the
Organizational Change Chart
,
outline
information about the experience and organization following Kotter’s 8-Step to Change Model as a guiding line.
Kotter's 8-Step Change Model
Step One: Create Urgency.
Step Two: Form a Powerful Coalition.
Step Three: Create a Vision for Change.
Step Four: Communicate the Vision.
Step Five: Remove Obstacles.
Step Six: Create Short-Term Wins.
Step Seven: Build on the Change.
Step Eight: Anchor the Changes in Corporate Culture.
.
Assignment ContentThroughout this course you will study the di.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
Throughout this course you will study the different roles that contribute to an organization's information security and assurance.
Part A:
Select
an organization you wish to explore and use throughout the course.
As you make your selection, keep in mind that you will explore the following roles in the organization: Cyber Security Threat Analyst, Penetration Tester, Cyber Security Engineer, Risk Management Analyst, and Software Engineer. You need sufficient knowledge of the organization you select to complete these security assignments.
Part B:
A Cyber Security Threat Analyst conducts analysis, digital forensics, and targeting to identify, monitor, assess, and counter cyber-attack threats against information systems, critical infrastructure, and cyber-related interests.
Take on the role of a Cyber Security Threat Analyst for the organization you select. Use the
Threats, Attacks, and Vulnerability Assessment Template
to
create
a 3- to 4-page assessment document.
Research
and
include
the following:
Tangible assets:
Include an assessment scope. The scope must include virtualization, cloud, database, network, mobile, and information system.
Asset descriptions:
Include a system model, A diagram and descriptions of each asset included in the assessment scope, and existing countermeasures already in place. (Microsoft® Visio® or Lucidhart®)
Threat agents and possible attacks
Exploitable vulnerabilities
Threat history
Evaluation of threats or impact of threats on the business
A prioritized list of identified risks
Countermeasures to reduce threat
Note:
The page assignment length requirement applies to the content of the assignment. Start the assignment with an APA formatted title page and add a reference section with at least two professional references. Use the references in the text of the assignment. For assignments that require use of the template, insert the completed template into the APA document. Delete the assignment instructions from the document. This will improve the originality score from Safe Assign. Make sure to check the SafeAssign originality score.
.
Assignment ContentThroughout this course, you have been using .docxelinoraudley582231
assignment Content
Throughout this course, you have been using different analysis strategies to determine best practices for developing your business plan. It’s time to develop a strategic plan that will help you determine where your business is now, where you want to take it, and how you will get there. Your strategic plan will help you implement and manage the strategic direction of your company. In addition, you will communicate the direction of your company to stakeholders.
Develop
a strategic plan for the company that you selected at the beginning of your MBA program and share your plan with stakeholders.
Create
a 13- to 15-slide presentation for key stakeholders to solicit their approval of your strategic plan. Address the following in your presentation:
An introduction with mission and vision statements
Core values, ethics, and social responsibility principles
Analysis of the company’s:
Internal environment (e.g. strengths and weaknesses related to resources, trademarks, patents, copyrights, or current processes)
External environment (e.g. opportunities and threats related to market trends, economic trends, demographics, or regulations)
An evaluation of internal and external environment’s impact on achieving the company strategy
Create a strategic objective for the company.
Create short- and long-term goals for achieving the company’s strategic plan.
Determine methods for collecting data and measuring success of the strategic plan.
Include
APA-formatted in-text citations and a reference page.
Cite
at least 3 peer-reviewed documents.
Note
: You may include your textbook as 1 of the sources.
Submit
your assignment.
.
Assignment ContentThis week’s readings and activities focu.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
This week’s readings and activities focused on how reason, emotion, and communication may influence critical thinking. In this assignment, you will identify the concepts of reason, emotion, and communication in your everyday critical thinking practices.
Complete
the
Reason, Emotion, and Communication in Critical Thinking Worksheet
.
Submit
your assignment.
Resources
Center for Writing Excellence
Reference and Citation Generator
Grammar and Writing Guides
.
Assignment ContentThis week you will continue your work on the.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
This week you will continue your work on the project to evaluate higher education student aid data. You will evaluate your data warehouse data to ensure it can provide consistent, accurate query data, and provide an update to the project sponsors.
Define
and
execute
a process to evaluate your data warehouse data for incompleteness, nulls, and the ability to provide consistent query data.
Create
a summary for your project sponsors to inform them of the quality of data they can expect from the new data warehouse.
Include
the following information in your summary:
Your data evaluation strategy
Specific data evaluation queries
Sample results per query
Summary of findings
Document
your summary as either:
A 10-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation with detailed speaker notes
A 2- to 3-page Microsoft® Word document
.
Assignment ContentThis week, you will continue building th.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
This week, you will continue building the components of your business requirements document for Hollywood Organic Co-op. In the previous weeks, you have identified the types of data, standards, and policies required for a new EDMS. This week, you determine how to electronically move data around in an EDMS and determine the physical and environmental security requirements.
Write
a 2- to 4-page evaluation of the implementation of physical and environmental controls for the new EDMS. Include the following:
How to control access to a document at each stage of its life cycle
How to move documents within the organization as team members contribute to document creation, review, approval, publication, and disposition
Physical and environmental security controls that must be implemented to protect the data and systems for Hollywood Organic Co-op's five locations, including for the identification, authentication, and restriction of users to authorized functions and data
Format
citations according to APA guidelines.
.
Assignment ContentThis week you will finalize your present.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
This week you will finalize your presentation from Week 5 by designing a deployment plan to promote your innovation project to the Executive Team of your organization.
Create
a 10- to 15-slide presentation to add to your Week 5 individual assignment.
Prepare
an Introduction or Executive Summary.
Develop
a deployment strategy and schedule for introducing the innovation project to the market.
Determine
key go-to-market considerations, which may include plans for:
Advertising
Marketing
Sales channels/distribution
Communications or promotion
Estimate
the cost and analysis for:
Development or manufacturing
Delivery
Infrastructure and product support
Estimate
high-level financial considerations, including the potential size of the market for the company and profitability.
Justify
the innovation investment.
Determine
alternative investments or a non-investment (what if the executive team disapproves the project?).
Determine
future product plans, evolution, etc. (e.g., what's next for this product in the market?).
Conclude
with a recommendation or call-to-action statement.
Submit
your assignment, the entire presentation that includes what you built in Week
.
Assignment ContentThis weeks’ discussion of correlation and ca.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
This weeks’ discussion of correlation and causation helps us interpret and understand what the data created from research means to the problem or question that we are addressing.
Write
a 700- to 1050-word paper in which you:
Differentiate between correlation and causation.
Explain how each is calculated or tested.
What is statistical significance and how does it relate to correlation?
Describe how they are used in decision and policy making. Provide examples to illustrate your understanding.
Include
at least two peer reviewed references.
Format
your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
.
Assignment ContentThis week, you will continue building the .docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
This week, you will continue building the components of your business requirements document for Hollywood Organic Co-op. In the previous weeks, you have identified the types of data, standards, and policies required for a new EDMS. This week, you determine how to electronically move data around in an EDMS and determine the physical and environmental security requirements.
Write
a 2- to 4-page evaluation of the implementation of physical and environmental controls for the new EDMS. Include the following:
How to control access to a document at each stage of its life cycle
How to move documents within the organization as team members contribute to document creation, review, approval, publication, and disposition
Physical and environmental security controls that must be implemented to protect the data and systems for Hollywood Organic Co-op's five locations, including for the identification, authentication, and restriction of users to authorized functions and data
Format
citations according to APA guidelines.
.
Assignment ContentThis week you will continue your work on.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
This week you will continue your work on the project to evaluate higher education student aid data. You will evaluate your data warehouse data to ensure it can provide consistent, accurate query data, and provide an update to the project sponsors.
Define
and
execute
a process to evaluate your data warehouse data for incompleteness, nulls, and the ability to provide consistent query data.
Create
a summary for your project sponsors to inform them of the quality of data they can expect from the new data warehouse.
Include
the following information in your summary:
Your data evaluation strategy
Specific data evaluation queries
Sample results per query
Summary of findings
Document
your summary as either:
A 10-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation with detailed speaker notes
A 2- to 3-page Microsoft® Word document
Submit
your assignment.
.
Assignment ContentThis week you learned about the application .docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
This week you learned about the application of motivational strategies and diversity, equity, and inclusion practices essential for promoting a positive organizational culture. It is time to practice your skills by reviewing a scenario, researching diversity in the workplace, and completing an analysis and plan chart.
Complete
the
Navigating Employee Groups
worksheet.
Submit
the team assignment.
Resources
Learning Team Toolkit
Center for Writing Excellence
Reference and Citation Generator
Grammar and Writing Guides
.
Assignment ContentThis assignment offers you the opportuni.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
This assignment offers you the opportunity to explain the commonalities found in different religions, provide examples of situations involving ethics that are faced by people in the world today, and identify contemporary challenges and issues related to religion.
Select
and
complete
either Option A or Option B.
Option A: Written Summary
Write
a 525- to 750-word paper that addresses the following topics:
What is essential (in the practices and beliefs) for a tradition to be called a religion? Illustrate your points by referring to the commonalities of at least 2 different religions. Include specific examples from the various religious traditions described in the Week 1 readings, such as a belief in one God or many gods and goddesses, the removal of one’s shoes before entering a place of worship, bathing and baptism as methods of spiritual purification, or refusing to eat certain types of meat. You may also include examples from your own religious tradition or another religious tradition with which you are familiar.
What place does religion have in making ethical decisions? Include specific examples of situations involving ethics faced by members of a religion today. Reflect on your own spiritual beliefs, how have your ethics been influenced personally or professionally? If you hold no spiritual beliefs, consider how individuals you may know or work with are faced with ethical decisions that are influenced by their beliefs.
Consider what you know about religion today. What are some modern issues that may be affecting religious traditions? How are these religions handling these issues?
Format
your paper according to appropriate course-level APA guidelines. You may find helpful resources for completing your assignment in the
Center for Writing Excellence
in the University Library.
Option B: Presentation
Prepare
a 10- to 12-slide presentation that addresses the following topics:
What is essential (in the practices and beliefs) for a tradition to be called a religion? Illustrate your points by referring to the commonalities of at least 2 different religions.
What place does religion have in making ethical decisions? Include specific examples of situations involving ethics faced by members of a religion today.
Aside from ethical challenges, what are some contemporary challenges and issues related to religion?
Include
specific examples from the various religious traditions described in the Week 1 readings, such as a belief in one God or many gods and goddesses, the removal of one’s shoes before entering a place of worship, bathing and baptism as methods of spiritual purification, or refusing to eat certain types of meat. You may also include examples from your own religious tradition or another religious tradition with which you are familiar.
You may use Microsoft® PowerPoint® or some other presentation format for this assignment.
Use
bullet points and images or graphics to illustrate your mai.
Assignment ContentThis assignment has two parts.Part 1.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
This assignment has two parts.
Part 1: Problem Statement
View
the
Dissertation Series Tutorial - Problem Formulation
.
Read
the
Guide to Developing the Problem Statement
and then
review
the two sample problems below:
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1:
The problem is that
husbands caring for wives with breast cancer have a demanding caretaking schedule,
resulting in
failure to practice their own self-care
(LeSeure & Chongkham-ang, 2015).
SAMPLE PROBLEM 2:
The problem is that
despite extreme workplace stress, police officers lack stress management skills,
resulting in
diminished health, family life, and work performance
(Toers-Bijins, 2012).
Write
a 1-sentence original problem for a prospective study you might conduct using the format below:
The problem is that _____ (state problem), resulting in ______ (consequence).
Include
a citation to support the problem, and
provide
a reference.
Part 2: Background to the Problem
Locate
2 or 3 peer-reviewed scholarly articles (published within the last 5 years) from the
University Library
that address the problem.
Write
1 to 2 paragraphs providing a brief description and background of the identified problem using the scholarly articles to support the existence of the problem. Be sure to use scholarly voice.
Use
the provided
Research Outline Template
to ensure proper APA formatting.
Note:
Beginning this week, you will be using this template for your assignments, with the expectation that all revisions are incorporated from feedback from previous week(s).
Include
APA-formatted in-text citations, a title page, and a reference page.
Submit
your assignment.
Note
: You will continue to narrow the focus of the problem as you continue reading relevant literature.
Resources
CDS Central
CDS Central > Student Resources
Copyright 2020 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.
Use this space to build your submission.
You can add text, images, and files.Add Content
.
Assignment ContentThis assignment is designed to help you .docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
This assignment is designed to help you think about how the Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution and examine how the Presidency and Congress are functioning today.
Consider
the current Congress and Office of the President.
Discuss
how contemporary activities of these two branches of the U.S. government compare and contrast with the intentions of the founders. Use specific examples, and include support from at least 3 sources, 1 of which can be your textbook. Your examination of the topic should include information about the following:
Structure and makeup of Congress
Differences between the House of Representatives and the Senate
Powers granted to Congress and the President under the Constitution
Checks and balances of power, considering Congress, the President, and the judiciary
Roles and responsibilities of the President
Evolution of presidential power
How bills become laws
Format
your assignment as one of the following:
18- to 20-slide presentation with detailed speaker notes
875-word paper
Include
APA citations for all unoriginal ideas, facts, or definitions and an APA-formatted reference list.
Submit
your assignment.
.
Assignment ContentThere are various schools within Buddhis.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
There are various schools within Buddhism, which you have learned about this week. In this assignment, share what you have learned about Buddhism overall, and compare and contrast the schools of Buddhism.
Write
a
350 word
paper that includes the following:
A summary of the major historical events related to Buddhism and the life of the Buddha
An explanation of the basic teachings and moral aspects of Buddhism, including the three marks of reality, the Four Noble Truths, and the Noble Eightfold Path
A comparison of the three major Buddhist traditions—Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana—and how each tradition developed from the early teachings
Include
APA-formatted citations and a references page.
.
Assignment ContentThere are two deliverables for this assi.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
There are two deliverables for this assignment. You will fill out and submit the Financial Transactions Risk Table and you will
write
and submit a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper.
Address
the following in your paper:
Describe risk exposures by filling out the Financial Transaction Risks Table.
Describe features you would choose to measure interest risks and identify which transactions are influenced by interest rates or income. Some are influenced by both.
Format
your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
Submit
your assignment as a Microsoft® Word document.
.
Assignment ContentThere are offenders whose criminality is.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
There are offenders whose criminality is based on biological factors. This may or may not be known to the offender prior to a deadly incident like the examples in this assignment. Biological anomalies are not common, but in many cases, the results are catastrophic. The cases outlined for this assignment are some of the most notorious. This assignment will help you develop a better understanding of mental illness and physiology as factors when measuring criminality.
Choose
a criminal offender from the list below whose criminal behavior was connected to a biological abnormality (physical, psychological, or chemical):
Andrea Yates
and the documented evidence of psychiatric issues, including postpartum depression and psychosis, prior to murdering her five children.
Jeffrey Dahmer
and the documented evidence of psychiatric issues prior to murdering 17 men.
John Wayne Gacy
and the documented evidence of psychiatric issues prior to murdering 33 young men and boys.
Charles Whitman
murdered 16 people, including his wife and mother. An autopsy suggested Whitman had a brain tumor pressing on his amygdala, a region of the brain crucial for emotion and behavioral control.
Create
an 8- to 10-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation with speaker notes in which you:
Summarize the case.
Discuss the genetic or physiological evidence that supports the notion that biology played a key role in explaining the offender's criminality.
Research the behaviors that constitute psychopathy and discuss in detail the specific behaviors demonstrated by the offender that align (or not) with behaviors indicative of a psychopathic individual.
Identify if the positivist perspective applies to your chosen example. Explain your answer.
Identify if the punishment rendered in your chosen example best supports the classical or neoclassical perspective of crime. Explain your answer.
Include
at least 2 academic references and cite your sources according to APA guidelines.
.
Assignment ContentThere are many different threats to the conf.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
There are many different threats to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data-at-rest, data-in-transit, and processing. Some threats affect one of these security risks (like confidentiality only), and some threats affect more than one or even all these risks.
Create
a 1-to 2 -page table, in Microsoft® Word, listing a minimum of 6 threats using the column headers and details below:
Threat – List the threat.
Threat to Type of Data (data-at-rest,data-in-transit, or processing) – Identify the type.
Confidentiality/Integrity/Availability– Identify whether some or all are affected by labelling: C, I, and/orA.
Mitigation Suggestion – Describe a mitigation plan in 2-3 sentences.
Example
:
Threat
: Password Compromise
Threat to Type of Data
: Data-At-Rest
Confidentiality/Integrity/Availability
: C & I
Mitigation
: Employ a strong password that is changed at regular intervals. Do not share your password or write it down on sticky notes on your desk.
Include
a short paragraph that highlights two access control techniques or policies that enforce security.
Cite
at least two resources within the assignment in APA format.
.
Assignment ContentThe strategic sourcing plan is a plan fo.docxelinoraudley582231
Assignment Content
The strategic sourcing plan is a plan for how you will do business going forward. The sourcing plan can address how to supply resources to staff, your current and future systems, and how you will purchase raw materials or new IT systems.
Develop
a high-level IT sourcing plan to guide Phoenix Fine Electronics to adopting enterprise solutions rather than multiple stand-alone systems. As a guideline, your sourcing plan should be a 3- to 4-page outline or summary.
Include
the following in your sourcing plan:
The current technologies being utilized
Major issues with that technology
New technologies to implement as replacements for current technologies
How it addresses the current issues
Additional advantages or value added
Approximate time frame to implement the technology
Any dependencies that the company does not currently have in order to implement
.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Discussion Board Unit4 Proof Requirements and Sentencing Due.docx
1. Discussion Board Unit4 Proof Requirements and Sentencing
Due Date: Initial post- Wed, Reply post -Sun, Points Possible:
75
The discussion assignment for this week includes a review of
the Key Assignment Outline completed by one of your
classmates, as well as a substantial response to at least one
other student.
Primary Task Response: Your first task is to post your own Key
Assignment Outline to the discussion area so that other students
are able to review your plan. Attach your document to the main
discussion post, and include any notes you feel are appropriate.
The purpose of this assignment is to help improve the quality of
the Key Assignment Draft you will complete next week.
Respond to Another Student: Review at least 1 other student's
Key Assignment Outline and provide meaningful feedback.
Refrain from general feedback, such as simply stating "good
job." Your feedback to other students is most helpful if you not
only point out weak areas but also offer suggestions for
improvement. The best feedback takes a three-stage approach to
identify what was done well, weaknesses, and areas for
improvement.
Discussion Board Unit 4 Proof Requirements and Sentencing
Due Date: Initial-Wed, Reply- Sun, Points Possible: 75
post an outline of their Key Assignment to the Discussion Board
as part of your main post. The main post should include any
necessary notes regarding the outline. You should complete at
least 1 quality response to a classmate during the week using
the three-stage approach to identify the following:
2. what was done well
weaknesses
areas for improvement
There is an expectation that grammar, spelling, punctuation, and
format are correct and professional.
Individual Project Unit 4: Proof Requirements and Sentencing
Due: Mon, see class Grading 150 Length: 1,250–1,500 words
Key Assignment
While working an undercover detail in a neighborhood known
for drug activity, you notice a vehicle stopped at the
intersection waiting for the light to change. The man in the
vehicle makes eye contact with you. You approach his vehicle
and begin carrying on a conversation with him. You ask him if
he needs anything, and he responds by asking you, “What do
you have?” You ask him what he is looking for, and he tells you
he is looking to score. You show him a small bag containing a
white powdery substance; he asks how much, and you respond,
"20 dollars." He hands you a $20 bill, and you give him the bag
and tip your hat to signal that the transaction was completed. At
this time, the man drives off and is stopped a block away by a
marked unit. The individual is placed under arrest for drug
possession and purchasing drugs, and he is taken to jail.
The individual is charged with possession of a controlled
substance. At his trial, he claimed that he was a victim of
entrapment by the police. He was found guilty and sentenced to
serve 5 years in jail and given credit for the 3 months he already
had served in jail.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 1,250–1,500 words:
Research and provide 2–3 case briefs on specific case law
3. related to the entrapment defense as it may or may not apply in
the case scenario.
Individual Project Unit 4: Proof Requirements and Sentencing
Due: Mon, 2/1/16 Grading 150 Length: 1,250–1,500 words
Your case briefs should follow this format:
Title: Title of the selected case
Facts: Summary of the events, court timeline, evidence, and so
forth
Issues: Issues that were present in this case
Decisions: The court's decision and the conclusion to the case
Reasoning: The rationale behind the final decision
Dissenting opinions: Any dissenting opinions, and an
explanation of what they were and why they were raised
Answer the following questions:
Did you have probable cause to approach the defendant while he
was parked at the traffic light? Why or why not? Defend your
answer.
Do you feel that the entrapment defense is a valid one,
considering the assignment scenario? Why or why not? Defend
your answer.
Is providing the opportunity for someone to commit a crime the
same as entrapment? Why or why not?
If the substance were marijuana, how much would be needed for
a misdemeanor charge? A felony?
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
Please submit your assignment.
For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web
resources, and all course materials.
Exclusion of Identification Evidence
4. The identification of a suspect for purposes of prosecution is an
essential element for law enforcement.
The identifying witness will be asked in court to make the
connection between the perpetrator and the person who sits
before the jury – this is an element of all crimes
Courts highly value this type of evidence
Three Types of Identification
A lineup presented in person along with other
A Showup – suspect is shown to the victim alone
A photograph lineup – several photos are presented for the
person to identify the suspect
Pretrial Identification
Pretrial identification, according to the supreme court is a
critical stage of the criminal prosecution effort.
Pretrial identification is peculiarly riddled with innumerable
dangers and variable factors which might seriously, even
critically, derogate from a fair trial.
Human nature has a tendency to adhere to first impressions
Procedures which create the danger
Everyone in lineup is known to witness except suspect
5. Suspect is very dissimilar to others presented
Particular clothing (jail)
Suspect was made known to victim prior to id.
Trying on clothing which only fits suspect
Age
Race
Weight
Right to an Attorney
Post indictment, Pretrial -this stage is so important the courts
have granted suspects the right to an attorney at this stage.
The lawyer is to serve as a passive observer
Denial of counsel constitutes a “reversible error” .
Difficulties to get a lawyer therefore the courts only apply post-
indictment to allow officers to conduct effective investigations.
Dual Approach to Wade-Gilbert Rule
A pretrial, post-indictment identification where counsel is
denied violates due process.
An in court identification which subsequent to an improper pre-
trial identification also violates due process.
Does not apply to – Blood samples, handwriting exemplars,
hair, only PC is needed no right to an attorney –these have
minimal risk unlike identification.
6. Stovall v. Denno
388 U.S. 293 (1967)
Here the defendant is brought to the victims’ hospital bed.
Asked to say things which allegedly were said to her
She then makes her identification
Where identification procedure “was so unnecessarily
suggestive and conducive to irreparable mistaken identification”
the suspect has been denied due process.
Stovall’s Due Process Approach
Fairness
However the case itself did not indicate what that would look
like, therefore we have to combine subsequent cases to have an
idea
TOTALITY OF THE CIRCUMSTANCES – term used to refer to
the analysis of the results of an illegal search or arrest.
The court created a balancing test based on the reliability of the
ID procedure viewed against the totality of the circumstances
Showups Techniques
Courts do not like this technique
The court said they could not think of a more suggestive manner
Emergency
The suspect was rapidly apprehended and immediately returned
to the scene of the crime
Collaborative evidence that the showup was valid
(Improper)
Here two of the four witnesses could not identify him, he was
made to put on glasses, hat and trench coat (which were fruits
7. of an illegal arrest) The witnesses were told they had the guy
Later all witnesses positively identified the suspect
Lineup Techniques
Courts prefer this method to showups
6 or more persons
Same
Height
Physical characteristics
Clothing
Everyone presented at the same time
No one person is made to do anything
Witnesses are separated
Is the criminal in the lineup? Do you see the guy? As opposed
to Is it #3
Improper
We have the guy
Several lineups with only the suspect repeating
Prior to the lineup suggestions or showups
Violation of the methods above
The Lingering Taint – Fruit of the Poisonous Tree
The improper pretrial identification may taint any later in court
identification
No pretrial identification presented at trial as the DA case in
chief
No witness may make an in court identification of the defendant
8. The Lingering Taint
Factors to determine actual taint
Independent source of identification
Length of time to see suspect
Speed id was made
Time between crime and id
Harmless Error
The harmless error rule is also used to access the amount of
taint of an improper pretrial identification
Witness could have id nonetheless/ independent source
Corroborating evidence was overwhelming
Legislative Efforts
Nevada’s list of appropriate lineup techniques
American Law Institute suggestions for lineup procedures
9. 6th Amendment Right to an Attorney
Strongest privilege which exist. We take care of ourselves
The first testimonial privilege ever established
A person waives a privilege if he voluntarily discloses the
information in any significant way
The key ingredient for privileged information is confidentiality
Attorney-Client
All Communications told to the attorney are privileged
Definitions
Client
Lawyer
Representative of client
Representative of lawyer
Confidential
Attorney-Client
Third person present
Intent to disclose publicly
Attorney sues client –vice-versa
Eavesdroppers (no waiver)
10. Attorney-Client
The relationship had to have existed at the time of the
communication.
Cocktail party
$1 consideration
Attorney-Client Crime-Fraud Exception
If the services were sought in order to further crime, or
planning then the privilege does not apply. In re Ryder
381 F.2d 713 (1967)
Attorney becomes co-
Attorney disbarred
Where attorney disclosure will serve as testimony privilege
applies. State v. Olwell
64 Wash.2d 828 (1964)
Attorney-Client
Crime-Fraud Exception
Tillotson v. Bough:
333 F.2d 515 (1967)
Refused to give IRS name of person he had anonymously paid a
large sum of money
Schulze v. Rayunec:
350 F.2d 666 (1967)