Discuss the relationships between competitive avantage, istinctive compentencies, resources,an
capabilities.
Solution
Resources
The activities and processes of the organization utilize certain assets. These assets are called
resources. These resources can be created within the organization. They form the internal
resources. Such generated resources are organization-specific. Otherwise they could be obtained
externally from the suppliers available in the resource markets. They form the external resources.
The externally obtained resources are organization-addressable. In addition resources can be
categorised as specific or non-specific. Those resources which can only be used for extremely
specialized intentions and are significant to the organization in adding value to goods and
services are called specific resources.
Resources
Resources of the firm can include all assets, capabilities, organizational processes, firm
attributes, information and knowledge. In short resources can be considered as inputs that
facilitate the organization to perform its activities.
All resources that an organization has may not have strategic relevance. Only certain resources
are capable of being an input to a value creating strategy which put the organization in a position
of competitive advantage. An organization’s resource should have four attributes to provide the
potential for competitive advantage. These form the VRIN characteristics.
The VRIN characteristics
The important features for a resource to be strategically important are as below
The VRIN characteristics mentioned above are individually necessary for the resources to be
valuable.
Non-specific resources are less specific and are less significant in adding value. Also resources
can be broadly classified as tangible and intangible. The physical assets that an organization
possesses are called tangible resources. The physical resources, human resources and final
resources come under this category.
The intellectual resources, technological resources and the organizational reputation together
form the intangible resources. The patents and copyrights of the organization are typical
examples of intellectual resources. The innovation capacity and innovation speed are examples
of technological resources. Reputation is basically good-will that the organization has acquired
among the customers. It is a critical resource of an organization.
Competencies
An organization should posses some characteristics in order to have the ability to compete with
other organizations in the market place. These characteristics form the competencies of the
organization. For any organization to survive in an industry competencies are must. At the same
time competencies cannot be useful to an organization when they stand alone. It is when they
combine together in the right combination that they help the organization to attain competitive
advantage. For instance consider an information technology organization. For this to compete in
t.
BUS 499, Week 3 The Internal Organization Resources, CapabilitieVannaSchrader3
BUS 499, Week 3: The Internal Organization: Resources, Capabilities, Core Competencies, and Competitive Advantages
Slide #
Topic
Narration
1
Introduction
Welcome to the Business Administration Capstone.
In this lesson we will discuss The Internal Organization: Resources, Capabilities, Core Competencies, and Competitive Advantages
Next slide.
2
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Analyze the internal environment of a company for strengths and weaknesses that impact the firm’s competitiveness.
Next slide.
3
Topics
In order to achieve this objective, the following supporting topics will be covered:
Analyzing the internal organization;
Resources, capabilities, and core competencies;
Building core competencies;
Outsourcing; and
Competencies, strengths, weaknesses, and strategic decisions.
Next slide.
4
Internal Analysis
In the global economy, traditional factors such as labor costs, access to financial resources and raw materials, and protected or regulated markets remain sources of competitive advantage, but to a lesser degree. One important reason is that competitors can apply their resources to successfully use an international strategy as a means of overcoming the advantages created by these more traditional sources.
Increasingly, those who analyze their firm’s internal organization should use a global mind-set to do so. A global mind-set is the ability to study an internal organization in ways that are not dependent on the assumptions of a single country, culture, or context. Because they are able to span artificial boundaries, those with a global mind-set recognize that their firms must possess resources and capabilities that allow understanding of and appropriate response to competitive situations that are influenced by country-specific factors and unique societal cultures.
Finally, analysis of the firm’s internal organization requires that evaluators examine the firm’s portfolio of resources and the bundles of heterogeneous resources and capabilities managers have created. This perspective suggests that individual firms possess at least some resources and capabilities that other companies do not.
Next slide.
5
Creating Value
By exploiting their core competencies or competitive advantages to at least meet if not exceed the demanding standards of global competition, firms create value for customers. Value is measured by a product’s performance characteristics and by its attributes for which customers are willing to pay.
Firms with a competitive advantage offer value to customers that are superior to the value competitors provide. Firms create value by innovatively bundling and leveraging their resources and capabilities. Firms unable to creatively bundle and leverage their resources and capabilities in ways that create value for customers suffer performance declines. Sometimes, it seems that these declines may happen because firms fail to understand what customers value.
Ultimately, creating value for ...
Business analysis tips as per Gabrielle Rusignuolo are helpful in our growth of business. These business analysis tips are beneficial for promoting our business and take it at top most.
BUS 499, Week 3 The Internal Organization Resources, CapabilitieVannaSchrader3
BUS 499, Week 3: The Internal Organization: Resources, Capabilities, Core Competencies, and Competitive Advantages
Slide #
Topic
Narration
1
Introduction
Welcome to the Business Administration Capstone.
In this lesson we will discuss The Internal Organization: Resources, Capabilities, Core Competencies, and Competitive Advantages
Next slide.
2
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Analyze the internal environment of a company for strengths and weaknesses that impact the firm’s competitiveness.
Next slide.
3
Topics
In order to achieve this objective, the following supporting topics will be covered:
Analyzing the internal organization;
Resources, capabilities, and core competencies;
Building core competencies;
Outsourcing; and
Competencies, strengths, weaknesses, and strategic decisions.
Next slide.
4
Internal Analysis
In the global economy, traditional factors such as labor costs, access to financial resources and raw materials, and protected or regulated markets remain sources of competitive advantage, but to a lesser degree. One important reason is that competitors can apply their resources to successfully use an international strategy as a means of overcoming the advantages created by these more traditional sources.
Increasingly, those who analyze their firm’s internal organization should use a global mind-set to do so. A global mind-set is the ability to study an internal organization in ways that are not dependent on the assumptions of a single country, culture, or context. Because they are able to span artificial boundaries, those with a global mind-set recognize that their firms must possess resources and capabilities that allow understanding of and appropriate response to competitive situations that are influenced by country-specific factors and unique societal cultures.
Finally, analysis of the firm’s internal organization requires that evaluators examine the firm’s portfolio of resources and the bundles of heterogeneous resources and capabilities managers have created. This perspective suggests that individual firms possess at least some resources and capabilities that other companies do not.
Next slide.
5
Creating Value
By exploiting their core competencies or competitive advantages to at least meet if not exceed the demanding standards of global competition, firms create value for customers. Value is measured by a product’s performance characteristics and by its attributes for which customers are willing to pay.
Firms with a competitive advantage offer value to customers that are superior to the value competitors provide. Firms create value by innovatively bundling and leveraging their resources and capabilities. Firms unable to creatively bundle and leverage their resources and capabilities in ways that create value for customers suffer performance declines. Sometimes, it seems that these declines may happen because firms fail to understand what customers value.
Ultimately, creating value for ...
Business analysis tips as per Gabrielle Rusignuolo are helpful in our growth of business. These business analysis tips are beneficial for promoting our business and take it at top most.
How to build and reconstruct an organization?
What is the strategy should be taken by an organization?
What is the capabilities and competencies of an organization?
Distinctive Competencies.
In pursuing the promise of HR technology an organization must also overcome the inevitable pitfalls standing in the way of those promises. We welcome you to use what you learn here to assess your organization’s current level of maturity and align your talent management strategies to surmount one of the most important immediate hurdles you face—that of competency chaos. Your reward will be technology that works better and acceleration down the path toward talent management value realization.
Sebagai kelengkapan pengerjaan Tugas Besar satu, mata kuliah Strategic Marketing. Universitas Mercu Buana Program Studi Magister Management. Kampus Warung Buncit
Many biologists will talk about the group known as Ungulates, or hoo.pdfinfo706022
Many biologists will talk about the group known as Ungulates, or hoofed mammals. This group
includes species as diverse as pigs (Sus), elk (Cervus), cows (Bos), hippos (Hippopotamus),
extinct species (e.g., Elomeryx and Archaeotherium), and even rhinos and horses (Equus). Based
upon the tree above and assuming this tree is correct, is this group (Ungulates) monophyletic?A.
Yes, because all of these species share the synapomorphy of hooves
Solution
b. Yes, because all of these species share a most recent common ancestor
All the members of the group of interest are more closely related to each other than they are to
the outgroup. Hence, the outgroup stems from the base of the tree. An outgroup can give you a
sense of where on the bigger tree of life the main group of organisms falls. It is also useful when
constructing evolutionary trees..
Match the function with the appropriate organelle in the column at ri.pdfinfo706022
Match the function with the appropriate organelle in the column at right. Endoplasmic
reticulum Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Rough endoplasmic reticulum Golgi complex
Transport vesicles Secretory granules Endosome Lysosome Mitochondrion Chloroplast
Plasma membrane Nucleus Location of most of the cell\'s DNA site of fuel oxidation
Separates the inside of the cell from the outside Carries important biochemical into the cell
Membrane with ribosomes attached Site of photosynthesis Contains digestive enzymes
Destined for fusion with the plasma membrane 9 Common form of cytoplasmic membrane Site
of carbohydrate addition to proteins Processes exogenous chemicals Facilitates communication
between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex
Solution
Please find the correct matches with reasons in parenthesis:
a. Endoplasmic reticulum : 9 (the endoplasmic reticulum is normally found concentrated near the
nucleus and is considered as a physical extension of nuclear membrane only)
b. smooth endoplasmic reticulum: 10 (smooth ER represents the site for protein modification by
glycosylation)
c. rough endoplasmic reticulum: 5 (this is the site for protein synthesis)
d. golgi complex: 12 (the proteins released for rough ER are transported to smooth ER for post
translational modification such as glycosylation via the golgi complex only)
e. transport vesicles: 4 (the transport vesciles pinch off the golgi complex for tranversing the
material from one part of cell to the other)
f. Secretory granules: 8 (secretory granules are released from one cell for extracellular transport
which ultimately fuse with plasma membrane of other cell for inlet of the materials)
g. endosomes:11(endosome is the first vesicle which ingest any foreign material and processes it)
h. lysosomes: 7 (this contains hydrolyzing enzymes which help in digestion)
i. mitochondria: 2 (known as energy house of the cell by oxidative phosphorylation)
j. chloroplast: 6 (found only in green plants and lower organisms, chloroplast is the site of
photosynthesis)
k. plasma membrane: 3 (it represents the boundary of the periphery of a cell for discrimination
between inside and outside)
l. nucleus: 1 (this contains the genetic material i.e. DNA of the cell).
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In pursuing the promise of HR technology an organization must also overcome the inevitable pitfalls standing in the way of those promises. We welcome you to use what you learn here to assess your organization’s current level of maturity and align your talent management strategies to surmount one of the most important immediate hurdles you face—that of competency chaos. Your reward will be technology that works better and acceleration down the path toward talent management value realization.
Sebagai kelengkapan pengerjaan Tugas Besar satu, mata kuliah Strategic Marketing. Universitas Mercu Buana Program Studi Magister Management. Kampus Warung Buncit
Many biologists will talk about the group known as Ungulates, or hoo.pdfinfo706022
Many biologists will talk about the group known as Ungulates, or hoofed mammals. This group
includes species as diverse as pigs (Sus), elk (Cervus), cows (Bos), hippos (Hippopotamus),
extinct species (e.g., Elomeryx and Archaeotherium), and even rhinos and horses (Equus). Based
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Yes, because all of these species share the synapomorphy of hooves
Solution
b. Yes, because all of these species share a most recent common ancestor
All the members of the group of interest are more closely related to each other than they are to
the outgroup. Hence, the outgroup stems from the base of the tree. An outgroup can give you a
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Match the function with the appropriate organelle in the column at ri.pdfinfo706022
Match the function with the appropriate organelle in the column at right. Endoplasmic
reticulum Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Rough endoplasmic reticulum Golgi complex
Transport vesicles Secretory granules Endosome Lysosome Mitochondrion Chloroplast
Plasma membrane Nucleus Location of most of the cell\'s DNA site of fuel oxidation
Separates the inside of the cell from the outside Carries important biochemical into the cell
Membrane with ribosomes attached Site of photosynthesis Contains digestive enzymes
Destined for fusion with the plasma membrane 9 Common form of cytoplasmic membrane Site
of carbohydrate addition to proteins Processes exogenous chemicals Facilitates communication
between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex
Solution
Please find the correct matches with reasons in parenthesis:
a. Endoplasmic reticulum : 9 (the endoplasmic reticulum is normally found concentrated near the
nucleus and is considered as a physical extension of nuclear membrane only)
b. smooth endoplasmic reticulum: 10 (smooth ER represents the site for protein modification by
glycosylation)
c. rough endoplasmic reticulum: 5 (this is the site for protein synthesis)
d. golgi complex: 12 (the proteins released for rough ER are transported to smooth ER for post
translational modification such as glycosylation via the golgi complex only)
e. transport vesicles: 4 (the transport vesciles pinch off the golgi complex for tranversing the
material from one part of cell to the other)
f. Secretory granules: 8 (secretory granules are released from one cell for extracellular transport
which ultimately fuse with plasma membrane of other cell for inlet of the materials)
g. endosomes:11(endosome is the first vesicle which ingest any foreign material and processes it)
h. lysosomes: 7 (this contains hydrolyzing enzymes which help in digestion)
i. mitochondria: 2 (known as energy house of the cell by oxidative phosphorylation)
j. chloroplast: 6 (found only in green plants and lower organisms, chloroplast is the site of
photosynthesis)
k. plasma membrane: 3 (it represents the boundary of the periphery of a cell for discrimination
between inside and outside)
l. nucleus: 1 (this contains the genetic material i.e. DNA of the cell).
It costs $16 to travel in a specific zone in paris. Now suppose thei.pdfinfo706022
It costs $16 to travel in a specific zone in paris. Now suppose their is an $8 fee applied to enter
the zone to travel in it (no fee to leave it). It normally takes 40 minutes to travel in the zone, but
the time falls to 30 minutes. what is now the total cost for travel in the zone with these changes?
1) $5
2) $8
3) $10
4) $12
5) $20
Solution
2) $8
New entry fee..
Let X and Y be two random variables whose joint probability density .pdfinfo706022
Let X and Y be two random variables whose joint probability density function is given by
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Let U=y-x (note that U could be positive or negative).
a) find the distibution function of U.
b) using the result in (a), or otherwise, find the probability density function of U.
Solution.
Identify whether the Fed should continue its current pace of securit.pdfinfo706022
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Solution
It is a tool by which one keep promise to maintain the interest rate low by central bank by its
monetary power. In the supply of liberalization era supply is the sole determinator. Hence,
monetary policy is useful. LM curve to some extent is not exogenous now. It has been replaced
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If 2 and z are incompletely dominant, how many different phenotypes a.pdfinfo706022
If 2 and z are incompletely dominant, how many different phenotypes are predicted in the
following if two heterozygous parents are crossed? Select one: a. 3 b. 4 c. 1 d. 2
Solution
Answer: a. 3
Explanation:
Due ot incomplete dominance, three phenotypes are produced that are represented by three
genotypes.
Zz x Zz
ZZ- Phenotype
Zz-Phenotype
zz-phenotypeZzZZZZzzZzzz.
How are criminals maximizing their total utilitySolutionThe o.pdfinfo706022
How are criminals maximizing their total utility?
Solution
The optimization function of criminals is like this:
Maximize Utility = U(Wealth accumulated from crimes), Subject to
\"Freedom\" Constraint = Minimum conviction
That is, they maximize utility by accumulating as much wealth they can from committing crimes,
subject to the constraint that they need to spend as less time in prisons (by avoiding being caught,
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How do I change this javascript code so that the new page opens up b.pdfinfo706022
How do I change this javascript code so that the new page opens up blue?
function showWin() {
myWindow = window.open(\"\",\"width=2000,height=2000\"); //can\'t get this page to open up
blue
myWindow.document.write(page);
}
Solution
If we have a HTML like below:
// showWin() is used to open a new window on click of the button \"Show\"
So the javascript function goes like:.
Help with my biostats Homework. Please show all work!! Mendel develo.pdfinfo706022
Help with my biostats Homework. Please show all work!! Mendel developed his theory of
genetics by observing large numbers of offspring from particular parents during plant breeding
experiments. However, appropriate statistical methods for a rigorous analysis of such genetic
data were only invented about 50 years later, so Mendel basically said \"The data seem to agree
with Illy theory.\" Today, we can analyze Mendel\'s data statistically to see if he was right.
According to Mendel\'s theory, if pea plants heterozygous for the two traits of seed color and
seed texture are crossed, offspring will be produced with phenotypes in the following
proportions: Here are the actual data Mendel collected from an experiment crossing two such
parents: Use an appropriate statistical analysis to determine whether these data agree with
Mendel\'s theory. State the conclusion of your analysis clearly.
Solution
We use Goodness of Fit Test to do it.
The test hypothesis:
Ho: these data agree with Mendel\'s theory (i.e. null hypothesis)
Ha: these data do not agree with Mendel\'s theory (i.e. alternative hypothesis)observedexpectedO
- E(O - E).
genetics q If the offspring of a dihydric testcross are roughly 50 .pdfinfo706022
genetics q If the offspring of a dihydric testcross are roughly 50% parental type and 50%
recombinant, we can conclude that... these genes are likely on different chromosomes. these
genes are linked. these genes are likely on the same chromosome.
Solution
In a dihybrid test cross offspring will be 50% recombinant and 50% parental type , which
indicates that these genes are likely on different chromosomes ..
for fiscal year 2006, the national debt of a country was approximate.pdfinfo706022
for fiscal year 2006, the national debt of a country was approximately
(8.502 × 1018)
dollars. At that time, the number of citizens between the ages of 18 and 65 was known to be
(1.5 × 1012).
If the national debt of this country were divided evenly among these citizens, about how much
debt would be assigned to each individual? (Enter your answer in standard form, rounded to two
decimal places.)
$ per person
Solution
national debt of country=8.502*1018
number of citizens between age 18 and 65=1.5*1012
debt assigned to each individual = national debt of country/number of citizens between age 18
and 65
=(8.502*1018)/(1.5*1012) =5.702 dollars/person.
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Explain why Linux makes system performance monitoring available to the user. Describe how
users can use this information to their advantage.
Solution
It’s really very tough job for every System or Network administrator to monitor and debug Linux
System Performance problems every day. After being a Linux Administrator for 5 years in IT
industry, I came to know that how hard is to monitor and keep systems up and running. For this
reason, we’ve compiled the list of Top 20 frequently used command line monitoring tools that
might be useful for every Linux/Unix System Administrator. These commands are available
under all flavors of Linux and can be useful to monitor and find the actual causes of performance
problem. This list of commands shown here are very enough for you to pick the one that is
suitable for your monitoring scenario.
There are several advantages to continuously monitoring system performance.
Continuous system performance monitoring can do the following:
Successful monitoring involves the following:.
Determine the intervals of the domain over which each function is.pdfinfo706022
Determine the intervals of the domain over which each function is continuous. See
Solution
we would see for any breaks in the graph
11. contious over the entire domain ( -inf , inf)
12 contious over the entire domain ( -inf , inf)
13 continous over the domain [3, inf)
14 continous over the domain (-inf , -1]
15 discontinous at x = 3
So, continous over the interval ( -inf , 3) U( 3, inf)
16 discontinous at x = 1
So, continous over the interval ( -inf , 1) U( 1, inf).
A storage reservoir contains 200 kg of a liquid that has a specific .pdfinfo706022
A storage reservoir contains 200 kg of a liquid that has a specific gravity of 1.5. What is the
volume of the storage reservoir?
Solution
>> As, Specific density =1.5 = Density of Substance/Density of Water = Density/1000
=> Density of Substance = 1500 Kg/m3
>> As, m = mass of liquid = 200 kg
As, Mass = Volume*Density
=> Volume = 200/1500 = 0.1333 m3
=> Volume of Storage Reservoir= 0.1333 m3. ...... ANSWER......
4. Define modal split model transportation demand . central vision .pdfinfo706022
4. Define: modal split model transportation demand . central vision
Solution
a) It is used to determine the number of trips on different modes between different pairs of nodes.
b) It is the demand for one good or service in one stream occurring as a result of demand from
another.
c) When our eye focussing the straight path, and the vision is clear and sharp where we can drive
comfortably. Such a vision is called central vision..
Comparison of dysplasia and hyperplasiaSolutionDysplasia Dys.pdfinfo706022
Comparison of dysplasia and hyperplasia?
Solution
Dysplasia: Dysplasia is a pre cancer, it is a term used in pathology to refer to an abnormality in
maturation of cells within a tissue, refers to an abnormal and potentially reversible process where
there is disordered growth and maturation of cells and the tissues and organs which they make
up.. This generally consists of an expansion of immature cells, with a corresponding decrease in
the number and location of mature cells. Dysplasia is often indicative of an early neoplastic
process. The term dysplasia is typically used when the cellular abnormality is restricted to the
originating tissue, as. For example, Myelodysplastic syndrome, or dysplasia of blood-forming
cells, show increased numbers of immature cells in the bone marrow, and a decrease in mature,
functional cells in the blood. Dysplasia can still be reversed if the factors that are responsible for
causing it are eliminated.
Hyperplasia: refer to the proliferation of cells within an organ or tissue beyond that which is
ordinarily seen. Hyperplasia may result in the gross enlargement of an organ, the formation of a
benign tumor, or may be visible only under a microscope, it is a general term for an increase in
the number of the cells of an organ or tissue causing it to increase in size. It may be due to any
number of causes such as increased demand, chronic inflammatory response, hormonal
dysfunctions, or neoplasia. Hyperplasia is considered to be a physiological response to a specific
stimulus, and the cells of a hyperplastic growth remain subject to normal regulatory control
mechanisms..
“Web 2.0 is simply a new label for a range of web technologies and c.pdfinfo706022
“Web 2.0 is simply a new label for a range of web technologies and consumer behaviours that
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false? Be sure to support your answer.
Solution
Web 2.0 is simply a new label for a range of web technologies and consumer behaviours that
have existed since the 1990s. They don’t represent a ‘paradigm shift - FALSE.
Explanation :-
Web 2.0 is an evolution of technologies and communications approaches which have grown in
Importance since 2004-2005..
You are required, but not limited, to turn in the following source f.pdfinfo706022
You are required, but not limited, to turn in the following source files:
Assignment8.java(More code need to be added)
Athlete.java(given by the instructor, it needs to be modified for this assignment)
AthleteNameComparator.java
MedalCountComparator.java
Sorts.java
AthleteManagement.java
Class Diagram:
Athlete
The Athlete class implements the \"Serializable\" interface so that its object can be stored. (The
Serializable interface is defined in the \"java.io\" package.)
AthleteNameComparator
The AthleteNameComparator class implements the \"Comparator\" interface (The Comparator
interface is in \"java.util\" package.). It needs to define the following method that was an
inherited abstract method from Comparator interface:
public int compare(Object first, Object second)
(Note that you can also define:
public int compare(Athlete first, Athlete second)
instead by making the class implements Comparator.
If the first argument object has a last name lexicographically less than that of the second
argument, an int less than zero is returned. If the first argument object has a last name
lexicographically larger than that of the second argument, an int greater than zero is returned. If
their last names are same, then their first names should be compared. If they have same first and
last names, then 0 should be returned.
MedalCountComparator
The MedalCountComparator class implements the \"Comparator\" interface (The Comparator
interface is in \"java.util\" package.). It needs to define the following method that was an
inherited abstract method from Comparator interface:
public int compare(Object first, Object second)
(Note that you can also define:
public int compare(Athlete first, Athlete second)
instead by making the class implements Comparator.
If the first argument object has a larger gold medal count than that of the second argument, an int
less than zero is returned. If the first argument object has a smaller gold medal count than that of
the second argument, an int greater than zero is returned. If both gold medal counts are same,
then their silver medal counts should be compared. If both gold medal counts are same and also
silver medal counts are same, then their bronze counts should be compared. If all of gold, silver,
and bronze medal counts are same, then 0 should be returned.
Sorts
The Sorts class is a utility class that will be used to sort a list of Athlete objects. Sorting
algorithms are described in the algorithm note posted under Notes section of the course web site.
These algorithms sort numbers stored in an array. It is your job to modify it to sort objects stored
in an array list (or a vector).
The Sorts class object will never be instantiated. It must have the following methods:
public static void sort(ArrayList objects, Comparator)
Your sort method utilizes the compare method of the parameter Comparator object to sort. You
can use one of Selection sort or Insertion Sort.
AthleteManagement
The AthleteManagement class has a list of Ath.
Write a function to merge two doubly linked lists. The input lists ha.pdfinfo706022
Write a function to merge two doubly linked lists. The input lists have their elements in sorted
order, from lowest to highest. The output list should also be sorted from lowest to highest. Your
algorithm should run in linear time on the length of the output list. Provide an algorithm for your
function Implement and show some samples of your running function
Solution
The algorithm for LinkedList MergeSort is as follows.
The trick in this algorithm is to use a local list to store the value which is pointing to the actual
list to be returned as a result of the function
Step1: START
Step2: GET inputs of list1 and list2
Step3: INITIALIZE mergelist
STEP4: SET mylist = mergelist
Step5: WHILE list1 OR list2 is EMPTY
DO
IF (list1 AND list2) are NOT EMPTY
IF list1.value > list2.value
mylist.next = list2
ELSE
mylist.next = list1
ELSE IF list1 is EMPTY
mylist.next = list2
ELSE
mylist.next = list1
Step6: RETURN mergelist
Step7: STOP
Sample program for the same implemented in C++
//====================================================================
========
// Name : DoublyLinkedList.cpp
// Author : Kaju
// Version : 0.1
// Copyright : This is just an example code
// Description : MergeSort in C++, Ansi-style
//====================================================================
========
/*
* C++ Program to Implement Doubly Linked List
*/
#include
#include
#include
/*
* Node Declaration
*/
using namespace std;
// struct declaration for node which will hold the integer data with links to previous data and next
data
struct node
{
int data;
struct node *next;
struct node *prev;
};
/*
Class Declaration
*/
class DoublyLinkedList
{
private:
struct node *start; // collection of all the nodes
public:
void create(int value);
int peek();
int delete_head();
void display();
int count();
void mergeSort(DoublyLinkedList list1, DoublyLinkedList list2);
DoublyLinkedList()
{
start = NULL;
}
};
/*
* Add data into the list
*/
void DoublyLinkedList::create(int value)
{
struct node *s, *temp;
temp = new(struct node);
temp->data = value;
temp->next = NULL;
if (start == NULL)
{
temp->prev = NULL;
start = temp;
}
else
{
s = start;
while (s->next != NULL)
s = s->next;
s->next = temp;
temp->prev = s;
}
}
/*
* Deletion of the first element from the list
* store the first element in a temp node and then remove it from start.
*/
int DoublyLinkedList::delete_head()
{
struct node *tmp, *q;
int value;
tmp = start;
if(start->next!=NULL)
{
start = start->next;
start->prev = NULL;
}
else
start = NULL;
value = tmp->data;
free(tmp);
return value;
}
/*
* return the first element of Doubly Link List
*/
int DoublyLinkedList::peek()
{
struct node *q;
if (start == NULL)
{
cout<<\"List is empty\"<data;
}
}
/*
* Display elements of Doubly Link List
*/
void DoublyLinkedList::display()
{
struct node *q;
if (start == NULL)
{
cout<<\"List is empty\"<data;
q = q->next;
if(q != NULL)
{
cout<<\", \";
}
}
cout<<\"]\"<next;
cnt++;
}
return cnt;
}
/*
* MergeSort - takes two input lists and then based on the.
Why just one sperm can enter the secondary oocyteWhy just one s.pdfinfo706022
Why just one sperm can enter the secondary oocyte?
Why just one sperm can enter the secondary oocyte?
Solution
Sperm fuses with the egg and fertilizes it. Normally only one sperm fuses with an egg and if
more than one sperm fuses this is called polyspermy.Development of the zygote usually stops if
polyspermy occurs and in most cases, the egg cell blocks polyspermy.
In polyspermy,multipolar or extra miotic spindles are formed which stop the fertilized egg
development by causing faulty segregation of chromosomes during cell division. The egg plasma
prevent polyspermy by depolarising the egg plasma membranes after the first sperm cell fuses
with the egg cell. Thus preventing further sperm from fusing, this is the primary block to
polyspermy.
The secondary block to polyspermy is by the cortical reaction within the egg cell . the fusion of
the sperm with an egg plasma membrane causes an increase in cytosolic calcium within the egg.
The calcium activates the egg to begin development, which initiates a cortical reaction that
releases various enzymes that change the structure of the outside layer of the egg. This hardens
the zona pellucida which prevents another sperm from binding to it..
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Discuss the relationships between competitive avantage, istinctive c.pdf
1. Discuss the relationships between competitive avantage, istinctive compentencies, resources,an
capabilities.
Solution
Resources
The activities and processes of the organization utilize certain assets. These assets are called
resources. These resources can be created within the organization. They form the internal
resources. Such generated resources are organization-specific. Otherwise they could be obtained
externally from the suppliers available in the resource markets. They form the external resources.
The externally obtained resources are organization-addressable. In addition resources can be
categorised as specific or non-specific. Those resources which can only be used for extremely
specialized intentions and are significant to the organization in adding value to goods and
services are called specific resources.
Resources
Resources of the firm can include all assets, capabilities, organizational processes, firm
attributes, information and knowledge. In short resources can be considered as inputs that
facilitate the organization to perform its activities.
All resources that an organization has may not have strategic relevance. Only certain resources
are capable of being an input to a value creating strategy which put the organization in a position
of competitive advantage. An organization’s resource should have four attributes to provide the
potential for competitive advantage. These form the VRIN characteristics.
The VRIN characteristics
The important features for a resource to be strategically important are as below
The VRIN characteristics mentioned above are individually necessary for the resources to be
valuable.
Non-specific resources are less specific and are less significant in adding value. Also resources
can be broadly classified as tangible and intangible. The physical assets that an organization
possesses are called tangible resources. The physical resources, human resources and final
resources come under this category.
The intellectual resources, technological resources and the organizational reputation together
2. form the intangible resources. The patents and copyrights of the organization are typical
examples of intellectual resources. The innovation capacity and innovation speed are examples
of technological resources. Reputation is basically good-will that the organization has acquired
among the customers. It is a critical resource of an organization.
Competencies
An organization should posses some characteristics in order to have the ability to compete with
other organizations in the market place. These characteristics form the competencies of the
organization. For any organization to survive in an industry competencies are must. At the same
time competencies cannot be useful to an organization when they stand alone. It is when they
combine together in the right combination that they help the organization to attain competitive
advantage. For instance consider an information technology organization. For this to compete in
the software industry it should posses the competencies to write programs and design tools which
have to be combined together to provide it with the competitive advantage in the industry.
Distinctive Capabilities
An organization’s resources which are critical in imparting it with competitive advantage are
called distinctive capabilities. When the capabilities originate from an attribute which other firms
do not have then they form an organization’s distinctive capabilities. In addition to having a
distinctive characteristic it should also be sustainable and appropriable.
When a distinctive capability is able to continue functioning over a period of time it is said to be
sustainable. When the organization which holds a distinctive capability is able to benefit mainly
from it then it becomes appropriable. An organization can derive the distinctive capabilities
mainly the organizational architecture, organization reputation and innovation. The relationships
between the organization and the stakeholders are critical in developing these three aspects of the
organization.
Resources and capabilities
However, to make the best use of their available resources, organisations require capabilities.
Such capabilities also come in many different forms. They may, for example, be the command of
a particular material technology, high-level marketing skills, effective product development
processes, an able treasury function or an aptitude in introducing new production processes.
They also, critically, include management capabilities.
But capabilities are also much more than this. They are in themselves unique resources,
available to managers, to be deployed in different ways.
The nature of capabilities
3. While many resources that organisations have are tangible assets, capabilities are, by their very
nature, intangible. They are to be found in organisational structures and ways of doing things, in
routines and managerial processes. They represent organisational capital in the form of the
experience, skills and know-how that enable people to do things well, and can even been seen in
the way that team members work together in a particular company environment. Such capital
does not, of course, appear on the balance sheet.
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
If it is these resources and capabilities, in all their various forms, that create the potential for
competitive advantage, the question about how they can actually create it remains. The initial
answer is that they must be developed, co-ordinated and then deployed in such a way that the
company can provide goods or services more economically than others or be able to satisfy
customers’ needs and wantsbetter than rivals. The ideal being a combination of the two.
Whether such competitive advantage yields good profit streams, however, depends on a second
set of judgements and decisions: the actual products/services to be provided, the nature and size
of the customer market chosen and the competitive nature of that marketplace. The ability to
repeatedly get this right is, of course, yet another set of capabilities.
Regrettably, however, even if all this is achieved, the ensuing competitive advantage (and its
profit stream) may not be sustainable. Competitors, anxious to share in the profitable opportunity
the company has uncovered will seek to follow suit. They have two basic ways of doing this: by
directly imitating the product/service or by providing a good/better alternative. In the
product/market arena there are myriad ways of achieving this. Products may be reverse-
engineered to discover their component parts and how they were made. Service delivery can be
sampled repeatedly until the key elements are identified, and then replicated. Marketing
expenditure can be matched, alternative distribution channels found.
Even in-company resources and capabilities can be readily emulated or copied. Good competitor
analysis can rapidly identify anything from newly installed IT systems to specialist machine
tools that have provided a competitive edge. It can uncover new sales or marketing techniques,
component sourcing arrangements, specialised service training, supplier partnerships,
outsourcing deals and even which alliances or joint ventures are providing new knowledge. All
provide keys to imitation or substitution.
4. Widespread recognition of this has led many companies to despair of achieving sustainable
competitive advantage. For example, during the 1980s, many financial institutions spent billions
on IT systems that would give them a market edge, only to watch rivals buy better, newer, faster
equipment that negated any brief advantage they had. In the 1990s, retailers launched credit and
loyalty cards to build marketing databases, only to watch rivals do the same. Each apparent
advantage quickly turns into just another entry ticket to play in the game.
Sustainable competitive advantage
It is here that the resource-base view has important insights to offer. If all companies are
different, and uniqueness ultimately stems from internal resources and capabilities, then how can
they be used to create sustainable competitive advantage?
The fundamental argument is that competitive advantage does not lie in the products or services
themselves, but in the resources and capabilities that produce them. A company’s own resources
and capabilities must therefore be:
Competitive Advantage
Multi national organizations like Microsoft, Oracle and IBM are pursuing a resource based
strategy of building up useful technology assets, habitually shielded by an assertive attitude by
means of intellectual property. Nevertheless, on a regular basis this strategy is not adequate to
maintain an important competitive advantage. Successful firms in the global market are quite
often those which can exhibit appropriate awareness and positive reaction to the changing
business environment.
Fastness and adaptability in innovating products, combined with potential of the management to
effectively bring together and reorganize competences both internal and external are features
seen in successful firms. Therefore not to the shock of the industry it has been observed that
firms which have gathered a huge bulk of priceless technology assets are still lacking the
functional capabilities to exploit them.
It is possible that a firm’s competitive advantage is diminished over a period of time. There can
be various factors that result in such an erosion of competitive advantage. The two main causes
are as below:
Here lies the significance of dynamic capabilities. Strategists consider dynamic capabilities to be
the key to competitive advantage.
Dynamic Capabilities
The ability to achieve new forms of competitive advantage is referred to as dynamic capabilities.
5. The two terms dynamic and capabilities by itself require in depth understanding while studying
competitive advantage.
The ability to renovate competences so as to accomplish corresponding with the transforming
business environment is referred to as dynamic.
The main characteristics of being dynamic are:
The important function of strategic management in fittingly modifying, incorporating and
reconstituting the internal as well as the external organizational skills, resources, and functional
competences to correspond with the necessity of a transforming environment relates to the term
capabilities.
Thus dynamic capabilities address rapidly changing environment. They suggest an
organization's capacity to accomplish new and innovative forms of competitive advantage.