This document summarizes information about disability in Finland. It defines types of disabilities such as physical, sensory, and intellectual. It discusses international frameworks for classifying disability and explains that definitions of disability are not culture-free. The document also outlines key Finnish legislation and policies relating to disability rights and services. These include acts on disability services, benefits, and non-discrimination. It provides information on the national disability policy program and strategies to improve socioeconomic status and accessibility. Finally, it lists various disability organizations and resources in Finland.

1. 9/8/2017
DISABILITY IN DIVERSE CONTEXTS 3 ECTS
Types of Disability
Disability Policy
Legislation
Services
Hanna Lamberg

2. Who is a person with disabilities?

3. TYPES OF DISABILITY
 Sensory disability
- visual impairment
- hearing impairment
 Physical disability
 Developmental/Intellectual disability
 War-related disability / Non-visible disability

4. DISABILITY
A CONSEQUENCE OF IMPAIRMENT(S) THAT ARE E.G. PHYSICAL, COGNITIVE, SENSORY AND/OR
DEVELOPMENTAL;
MIXTURE OF THESE IMPAIRMENT(S) AND STRUCTURAL FACTORS;
A CONDITION THAT MAKES SURVIVAL FROM EVERYDAY ACTIVITIES DIFFICULT.
Impairment ≠ Disability
People with disabilities NOT a homogenic group of people
Terminology to be avoided: handicap, retarded, crippled. Instead: person with disabilities,
disabled person
Shakespeare, Tom 2006: Disability Rights and Wrongs. Oxon: Routledge.
Tower, Kristine D. 2004: Disability through the lens of culture. In Yen, Francis K.O. & Der Wagen, Merilynn Van. International Perspectives on
Disability Services: The Same but Different. Taylor & Francis. Pp. 5-22.
Disability. World Health Organisation. Accessed 1.9.2017. http://www.who.int/topics/disabilities/en/

5. TYPES OF DISABILITY
PHYSICAL: Cerebral Palsy
(CP), spinal injury,
neurological illness,
accidents, childhood
reuma..
SENSORY: blindness &
vision loss, deafness &
hard of hearing,
deafblind, lack of sense
of smell (anosmia) /
taste (ageusia)/ pain
(analgesia)
INTELLECTUAL:
aphasia & dysphasia,
dyslexia, autism (e.g.
Asperger´s syndrome),
ADHD, Down
syndrome, Tourette´s
syndrome..

6. INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONING, DISABILITY &
HEALTH – ICF (2001)
Disability classified by looking at bodily/sensory, functional / participatory, individual &
environmental perspectives
http://apps.who.int/classifications/icfbrowser/
DEFINITION OF DISABILITY IS NOT CULTURE-FREE!
NOTICE. ICF IS AN ADDITION TO ICD-10 (International Statistical Classification of
Diseases and Related Health Problems)
http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2016/en#/F80.9

7. http://www.who.int/classifications/drafticfpracticalmanual.pdf

8. LAKI VAMMAISUUDEN PERUSTEELLA JÄRJESTETTÄVISTÄ PALVELUISTA JA TUKITOIMISTA
1987/380
ACT ON SERVICES AND SUPPORT BASED ON DISABILITY 1987/380
NO ENGLISH TRANSLATION AVAILABLE YET!NON-DISCRIMINATION ACT 1325/2014
Sections 6-9
SOCIAL WELFARE ACT 710/1982
e.g. chapter 3, section 27d, 27e (disability and employment)
LAKI VAMMAISUUSETUUKSISTA 570/2007 / ACT ON DISABILITY BENEFITS
NO ENGLISH TRANSLATION AVAILABLE!
LAKI KEHITYSVAMMAISTEN ERITYISHUOLLOSTA 59/1977
ACT ON SPECIAL SUPPORT FOR PEOPLE WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 59/1977
NO ENGLISH TRANSLATION AVAILABLE
Laki vammaisten henkilöiden tulkkauspalvelusta 133/2010
Act on interpretation services for people with disabilities 133/2010
NO ENGLISH TRANSLATION AVAILABLE

9. FINLAND´S DISABILITY POLICY PROGRAMME – VAMPO 2010-
2015 (in English)
PERSPECTIVE OF RIGHTS, FREEDOMS & EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES OF
PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
http://www.stm.fi/c/document_library/get_file?folderId=5197397&name=DLFE-21116.pdf
1. The legislative
changes needed
in order to reach
ratification of the
UN Convention
on the Rights of
Persons with
Disabilities
2. The
improvement of
socioeconomic
status of persons
with disabilities &
tackling poverty
3. The availability
and high quality
of special services
across Finland
4. Accessibility in
society to be
strengthened
5. Reinforced
Disability
research &
multiple high-
quality methods
that support
disability policy

10. • FINLAND´S DISABILITY POLICY (in Finnish only) http://stm.fi/vammaispolitiikka
• NATIONAL COUNCIL ON DISABILITY WWW.VANE.TO
• HANDBOOK ON DISABILITY / VAMMAISPALVELUJEN KÄSIKIRJA (by National Institute for Health & Welfare)
ONLY IN FINNISH https://www.thl.fi/fi/web/vammaispalvelujen-kasikirja
• LINK TO FINNISH DISABILITY NGOs
http://www.vane.to/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11&Itemid=18
• EUROPEAN DISABILITY STRATEGY 2010-2020
http://ec.europa.eu/justice/discrimination/disabilities/disability-strategy/index_en.htm
• EUROPEAN DISABILITY FORUM http://www.edf-feph.org/

11. http://www.stm.fi/en/social_and_health_services/disability_services
PUBLIC (subjective right)
Assistive devices, home renovations
Personal assistantance, interpretation service, day
centres
Institutional care, supported housing
Transportation
Financial support by Kela, employment service
PUBLIC (additional)
Rehabilitation
Financial support for clothing & extra
devices used in daily activities
3RD SECTOR
Advocacy
Awareness training
Rehabilitation , day centres
FAMILY
Family care (omaishoito)
PRIVATE
Supported housing
Institutional care (diminishing)
Service provision
SERVICES

12. WHAT TO CONSIDER?
DISABILITY &
ENVIRONMENT
Health
services
Social
services
Schools
&
education
Media &
culture
Politics at
all levels
Housing &
city
planning

13. DISABILITY BENEFITS
KELA – THE SOCIAL INSURANCE INSTITUTION OF FINLAND
http://www.kela.fi/web/en/disability

14. A SUMMARY ON THE POSITION OF PEOPLE WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES IN FINLAND
http://yle.fi/uutiset/kehitysvammaisten_oikeudet_ovat_kehittyneet_hitaasti__laitoselama_oli_viikosta_kuukaudesta_ja_vuodesta_toiseen_sa
manlaista/7789661

15. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wzRQOfVvVh4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S6sLI7-
Ulh8&list=PLeWtXbeDyz6dmAfe3rGNaujvV_uvcntCD

16. THANK YOU!