The document provides information on disability in India based on Census 2011 data. Some key points: - There were over 26 million persons with disabilities in India, with higher numbers in rural versus urban areas. - The Persons with Disabilities Act of 1995 protects the rights of disabled persons, including reservations in education, employment, and access to public places. - Disabled persons in India face both environmental barriers like lack of accessibility as well as attitudinal barriers from societal stigma. Recent court cases have aimed to promote the rights of disabled individuals.

3. Types of Disability

4. Disabled Population by Sex and
Residence, India, 2011
 Residence Persons Males Females
 Total 26,810,557 14,986,202 11,824,355
 Rural 18,631,921 10,408,168 8,223,753
 Urban 8,178,636 4,578,034 3,600,602
 Sources of Data is According to Census of India 2011

5. Percentage of Disabled to total
population India, 2011
 Residence Persons Males Females
 Total 2.21% 2.41% 2.01%
 Rural 2.24% 2.43% 2.03%
 Urban 2.17% 2.34% 1.98%

6. Types of Disability Persons Males Females
Total 26810557 14986202 11824355
In Seeing 5032463 26385162 393947
In Hearing 5071007 2677544 2393463
In Speech 1998535 1122896 875639
In Movement 5436604 3370374 2066230
Mental Retardation 1505624 870708 634916
Mental Illness 722826 415732 307094
Any Other 49297011 2727828 2199183
Multiple Disability 2116487 1162604 953883

7. Laws for Disabled in India

8. 


9. Salient Feature of PWD Act 1995
A. Education
 Provision for free education in an appropriate environment
for every child with a disability up to 18 years of age.
 Section 26
 Provision for reservation of not less than 3% seats for
admission to Government and/or Government aided
educational institutions.
 Section 39
 Government to prepare comprehensive education schemes
with provision for transport facilities, barrier free access to
schools, supply of uniforms, books, other materials,
scholarship, etc., to children with disabilities
 Section 30

10. B. EMPLOYMENT/AFFIRMATIVE
ACTION/SOCIAL SECURITY
 Provision for reservation in vacancies to the tune of not less
than 3% in Government establishments (which includes
public sector undertakings) (in all grades of jobs).
 Section 33
 Provision for reservation of not less than 3% quota for
persons with disabilities in all poverty alleviation schemes.
 Section 40
 Provision for providing incentives to public sector and private
employers to ensure that at least 5% of their work force is
composed of persons with disabilities.
 Section 41

11.  Provision for schemes to provide aids and appliances to
persons with disabilities
 Section 42
 Preferential allotment of land at concessional rates in favour
of persons with disabilities for residential purpose; setting
up business, setting up of special recreation centres;
establishment of special schools, establishment of research
centres; establishment of factories by entrepreneurs with
disabilities
 Section 43
 Provision for unemployment allowance for such persons
with disabilities who could not be gainfully employed even
after two years of their registration with a special
employment exchange.
 Section 68

12. C. NON-DISCRIMINATION AND
BARRIER-FREE ACCESS
 1 Provision for special measures to adapt rail compartments,
buses, vessels and aircrafts in such a way that they become
accessible to persons with disabilities, including toilets.
 Section 44
 2 Provision to make roads and public places barrier-free
including installation of auditory signals at red lights,
causing curb cuts and 10 slopes to be made in pavements for
the easy access of wheelchair users; engraving on surface of
the zebra crossings for the blind or for persons with low
vision; engraving on the edges of railway platforms for the
blind or for persons with low vision; warning signals at
appropriate places, etc.
 Section 45

13.  Provision for barrier-free access in public buildings, work
places, and recreation centres including provision for ramps,
Braille symbols and auditory signals in elevators or lifts;
ramps in hospitals, primary health centres and other medical
and rehabilitation institutions.
 Section 46
 Ban on dispensing or reducing in rank an employee who
acquires a disability during his/her service
 Section 47 (1)
 5 Promotion cannot be denied to a person on the ground of
his/her disability
 Section 47 (2)

14. COMPLAINTS
 Provision for lodging complaints in respect of deprivation of
rights of persons with disabilities, etc., with the Chief
Commissioner, Disabilities
 Section 59
 Provision of lodging complaint with Commissioner
Disabilities (state level) in respect of deprivation of rights of
persons with disabilities, etc.
 Section 62

15. Laws for Disabled Global Level
1981-1992 United Nation Declared “the
Decade of Disabled Persons”
The Convention on the Rights of
Persons with Disabilities in 2006

16. The Convention on the Rights of
Persons with Disabilities in 2006
 Article 1 defines the purpose of the Convention
 to promote, protect and ensure the full and equal
enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental
freedoms by all persons with disabilities, and to
promote respect for their inherent dignity.
 Articles 2 and 3 provide definitions and general
principles including communication, reasonable
accommodation and universal design.

17.  Articles 4–32 define the rights of persons with disabilities and the
obligations of states parties towards them. Many of these mirror
rights affirmed in other UN conventions such as the International
Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, International Covenant on
Economic, Social and Cultural Rights or the Convention Against
Torture, but with specific obligations ensuring that they can be
fully realized by persons with disabilities.
 Rights specific to this convention include the rights to accessibility
including the information technology, the rights to live
independently and be included in the community (Article 19), to
personal mobility (article 20), habilitation and rehabilitation
(Article 26), and to participation in political and public life, and
cultural life, recreation and sport (Articles 29 and 30).
 In addition, parties to the Convention must raise awareness of the
human rights of persons with disabilities (Article 8), and ensure
access to roads, buildings, and information (Article 9).

18.  Articles 33–39 govern reporting and monitoring of the
convention by national human rights institutions (Article 33)
and Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
(Article 34).
 Articles 40–50 govern ratification, entry into force, and
amendment of the Convention.
 Article 49 also requires that the Convention be available in
accessible formats.

19. Problem Faces By Disabled in India
Generally Two Types of Faces Disabled Person
in India
A. Environmental Problems
B. Attitudinal Problems
In Environmental Problems Disabled Persons
Face These Kind of Problems
1. Lack of Proper Rehabilitation Care
2. Technological Problems

20. 3.Architectural Problems:-Architectural barriers in
buildings include lack of Ramps, Railings, Signage, Braille Print,
Adequate Spacing, Slip Resistant Flooring, Accessible Toilets and
Chairs, Switches, Shelves, Wash Basins, Taps & Telephone at an
accessible height. This kind of infrastructure help disabled people
to be at ease and do their routines with minimum or no support.
Apart from becoming self-reliant, such an internal atmosphere
boosts their self-confidence and avoids unnecessary delay.
B. Attitudinal Problems The real issue behind these
barriers is the disability insensitive attitude of the society. Even
a stringent law can do very less unless there is a change in the
mindset of people and a willingness to accept and respect
(disabled) people. There is an attitude of relating a disabled
person with his or her disability and not to his/her abilities. The
society should be dynamic enough to Accept all Differences, as
the world exists only because of its differences and the natural
balance among them.

21. Important Cases on Disability
 Bhagwan Dass Vs. Punjab State Electricity Board
 Indra Sahani Vs. Union of India
 Amita Vs. Union of India