- There are approximately 5 million people with disabilities in Ghana, with 2.2 million having physical disabilities and 2.8 million having mental disabilities. This accounts for about 20% of Ghana's total population. - Disabilities can affect vision, movement, thinking, remembering, learning, communicating, hearing, and mental health. Amputation is also a common cause of disability in Ghana due to infection, trauma, cancer, and diabetes. - Rehabilitation aims to optimize functioning and reduce disability through coordinated medical, social, educational, and vocational interventions. It involves prosthetics, orthotics, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy to help people regain independence.

1. DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION

2. DISABILITY

3. DISABILITY
• WHO, defined disability as the result of the interaction
between people with different levels of functions and
their surrounding environment
• Disability can also be said to be any restrictions
resulting from impairment of ability to perform an
activity in the manner or within the range considered
as normal for human beings

4. DISABILITY IN GHANA
• About 2.2 million people in Ghana are physically
challenged or disabled.
• About 2.8 million of Ghana’s disabled people are
mentally disabled people.
• Therefore, there is a total of about 5.0 million disabled
people in Ghana.

5. • Deducing from the 2010 WHO
World Report on Disability,
there is high percentage of
persons with disability in Ghana,
which is about 20% the total
Ghanaian population, which in
one way or the other requires
rehabilitation services

6. FORMS OF DISABILITY
• Disability can affect various parts of the body;
• Vision
• Movement
• Thinking
• Remembering
• Learning
• Communicating
• Hearing
• Mental health
• Social relationships

7. Amputation as a form of disability
• Amputation has become one of the most common
problems in the present society, a number of people
have either one or both limbs amputated and the
situation is noted to be increasing nationwide.
• Amputation is said to be the removal of all or part of a
body part surgically.
• Amputation can also be defined as the removal of a
limb through an indicated surgical procedure in the
treatment of diseases and trauma

8. Causes of Amputation
• Severe infection , osteomyelitis
• Trauma (Accident)
• Congenital abnormalities
• Malignant/ cancerous tumor in bone or muscle of the
limb e.g. Osteosarcoma
• Diabetes

9. REHABILITATION
•Rehabilitation is defined as a set of interventions
designed to optimize functioning and reduce
disability in individuals with health conditions in
interaction with their environment.

10. • Rehabilitation: It is an important aspect of
management for people with disability. It involves
combined and coordinated use of medical, social,
educational, and vocational measures for training or
retraining the individual to the highest possible level
of functional ability

11. Prosthetic Rehabilitation
• Prosthetic limbs are commonly used by people with
limb loss (acquired amputation) and limb absence
(congenital deficiency) to restore or substitute the
missing body part or restore the cosmesis of an
anatomical limb
• Prosthesis is defined as an artificial substitute or
extension that replaces a missing body part such as
upper or lower body extremity.

12. Orthotics Rehabilitation
• Orthotics is a medical specialty that focuses on
the design and application of orthoses.
• An orthosis is "an externally applied device used
to influence the structural and functional
characteristics of the neuromuscular and skeletal
system

13. Conditions for orthotic use
• Club foot
• Poliomyelitis
• Stroke
• Knock knee (genu vagus)
• Bow legged (genu varus )

14. Functions
• Improvement of mobility
• Immobilization of an injured body part to promote
healing
• Correction of biomechanical misalignments
• Prevention of injuries
• Reduction of weight bearing and pain

15. SIGNIFICANCE OF REHABILITATION
• Rehabilitation helps a child, adult or older person to be as
independent as possible in everyday activities.
• It enables participation in education, work, recreation and
meaningful life roles such as taking care of family.
• It addresses underlying conditions (such as pain) and improving
the way an individual functions in everyday life, supporting them
to overcome difficulties with thinking, seeing, hearing,
communicating, eating or moving around.

16. FORMS OF REHABILITATION
• The three main types of rehabilitation therapy are occupational,
physical and speech.
• Occupational Therapy: Occupational therapy is a branch of
health care that helps people of all ages who have physical,
sensory, or cognitive problems helping them regain
independence in all areas of their lives.
• Physical Therapy: Physical therapy is the care that aims to ease
pain and help you function, move, and live better.
• Speech therapy: Speech therapy is the assessment and
treatment of communication problems and speech disorders.

17. SOME EXAMPLES OF REHABILITATION
• Exercises to improve a person’s speech, language and communication after a
brain injury.
• Modifying an older person’s home environment to improve their safety and
independence at home and to reduce their risk of falls.
• Exercise training and education on healthy living for a person with a heart
disease.
• Making, fitting and educating an individual to use a prosthesis after a leg
amputation.
• Positioning and splinting techniques to assist with skin healing, reduce
swelling, and to regain movement after burn surgery.
• Prescribing medicine to reduce muscle stiffness for a child with cerebral palsy.
• Psychological support for a person with depression.
• Training in the use of a white cane, for a person with vision loss.

18. Some medical conditions that may require
rehabilitation.
• Amputation.
• Arthritis.
• Brain injury.
• Multiple sclerosis.
• Muscular dystrophy.
• Musculoskeletal injuries (pain of muscles, tendons, ligaments,
joints and bones)
• Osteoporosis.

19. THANK YOU