Digital technologies represent audio or video data using binary 1s and 0s, controlled through logic gates like AND, OR, and NOT. Analog technologies use waveforms to represent signals. While analog can send signals farther, digital uses less circuitry, is more compact, and provides clearer signals over long distances when combined with analog transmission. In general, digital is considered better for applications like phones and video games due to its compact nature, though analog remains useful for transmitting signals over long distances.