The document summarizes the process of digestion in the human digestive system. It describes how food is broken down mechanically and chemically in the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, liver, and large intestine. The digestive system breaks down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into smaller molecules like glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids that can be absorbed and used by the body.

1. Mary Rose V. Ronquillo
Santo Tomas ES-Calauan District

2. Process by which food is eaten or broken down to its simplest
components
CARBOHYDRATES → Glucose
PROTEINS→ Amino Acids
FATS AND OIL→ Fatty Acids
1.Mechanical Digestion
 The breaking down of foods
into chewable pieces
2. Chemical Digestion
 breakdown of food in the
mouth, stomach and
intestines through the use
of acids and enzymes
Alimentary Canal-digestive
tract

3. Receives the food you eat
Inside the mouth:
TONGUE- moves the food
TEETH- bite, cut and chew the food
SALIVA- sticky fluid with colorless
and
watery appearance

4.  a muscular tube
that in humans is
about nine inches
(23 centimeters)
long and passes
from the pharynx
down the neck to
the stomach
PERISTALSIS-
wavelike
movement of
the

5.  The stomach is a
hollow muscular, J-
shaped organ in the
abdomen
 secretes acid and
enzymes that digest
food
 the inside has small
folds called rugaeSPHINCTER- smooth circular muscles at the
upper and lower ends of stomach

6.  Largest organ inside the
body
FUNCTIONS OF THE
LIVER
1. It produces the bile, a
substance that helps
in the digestion of fats
2. Process digested food
3. Stores glycogen,
vitamins and minerals
which are released
when needed by the
body

7. A small muscular
sac that is attach
to the liver
Stores the bile from
the liver and pass it
to the small
intestine

8.  An organ that lies
behind the stomach
 Produce the pancreatic
juice
 Secretes the hormone
insulin and glucagonPANCREATIC JUICE-
neutralize or weakens
the acid in food inside
the stomach before it
moves to the small
INSULIN AND
GLUCAGON
–regulate the body’s
sugar balance and

9.  a narrow corrugated
tube that is about 7
meters and 2.5 cm.
in diameter long
 The inner lining of
the small intestine is
folded into tiny
fingerlike projections
called villi
 Digests food which
can be absorbed by
THREE PARTS OF SMALL
INTESTINE
1. Duodenum 3.
Ileum

10.  About 1.5 meters long
and 5 centimeters in
diameter
 Absorbs water from
undigested food and
hold the undigested
food for a while and
then excrete it as feces
RECTUM - end of the
large
intestine
ANUS – exit of feces