ES

1. ENERGY RESOURCE
Shree Swami Atmanand Saraswati Institute of Technology
, Kapodra, Varachha Road, Surat 395006. Ph 0261 2573552
Email: ssasit@yahoo.in Web: www.ssasit.org
Bhavin Ambaliya (160760109001)
Jay Bhayani (160760109004)
Kaushal Bodara (160760109005)
Ronak Dhola (160760109010)
Submitted To :-
Khushbu K. Shaha

3. Contents
What is Energy ?
Indian scenario
Conventional energy resources
Renewable Sources Of Energy
Non-Renewable Sources Of Energy
Problems due to over use of energy
resources
Conclusion

4. Indian scenario
• Coal is the primary fuel for energy in India , followed
by petroleum and natural gas.India is the third largest
producer of coal in the world.The state wise
distribution of coal are given in table.

5. What Is Energy ?
Energy can neither be created nor it can be
destroyed. It can only be converted from one
form to another.
For example :
• In a room heater, electrical energy is converted to
thermal energy.
• Turbine converts mechanical energy stored in
steam to electrical energy.

6. Conventional Energy sources

7. Fossil Fuel
• A long time ago, plants animal got buried into the
earth. Due to the effect of tremendous pressure by the
layers of Earth above and heat inside the earth the got
converted into fuels.
• It takes lakhs of years for fossil fuel to be formed.
• Fossil fuel are found in three form-
 Solid
 Liquid
 gaseous

8. Advantages
• Available in highly concentrated form.
• Easy to store.
• Reliable supply.
• Lower cost per unit of energy produced as the
technology is matured.
Disadvantages
• Limited supply and will one day get exhausted.
• High running cost.
• Available only in few places . for example india has
to import bills.

9. TYPES OF ENERGY
Renewable energy
Non-renewable energy

11. Renewable Resources
Renewable energy can be generated
continuously practically without decay of
source.
E.g. –
Solar energy
Wind energy
Geothermal energy
Hydro energy
Biomass

12. Solar energy
 Solar energy, radiant light and heat from
the sun, has been harnessed by humans
using various equipments .
 Solar powered electrical generation relies
on heat engines and photovoltaic's .
 Examples :
 Solar cooker
 Solar heater
 Solar cells
 Advantages
 Solar energy doesn’t produce Carbon dioxide.
 It have minimal impact on environment.
 Disadvantages
 It is not constant, it depends on weather
conditions,time,location.

13. WIND ENERGY
 wind energy generated by wind
turbines is mainly used to generate
electricity.
 Advantages :
 Wind turbines (often called windmills) do
not release emissions that pollute the air or
water.
 Disadvantages :
 Installation and maintenance cost is very
high.
 Only few places are there in world where
wind blow continuously throughout the year.

14. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
 Geothermal energy is heat from
within the Earth. We can recover
this heat as steam or hot water
and use it to heat buildings or
generate electricity.
 E.g.
 Hot springs
 Fumaroles
 Geysers
 Advantages :
 carbon dioxide emission levels are very
low. They release less than 1% of the
carbon dioxide.
 Disadvantages :
 Installation cost is very high.
 Release various kind of harmful gases.

15. HYDRO ENERGY
 Hydro energy is generally
generated form running water
using various mechanical methods.
 E.g. :
 Dams
 Tidal Barrages
 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)
system
 Advantages :
 Produces very less amount of carbon
dioxide.
 It is also being used to control flood and for
irrigation purposes.
 Disadvantages:
 Natural environment is destroyed.

16. BIOMASS
 Biomass is organic material made from
plants and animals (microorganisms).
 When burned, the chemical energy in
biomass is released as heat .
 E.g. -
 Methanol (from animal waste)
 Ethanol
 Biodiesel(liquid biomass)
 Advantages :
 Equipment(biogas plant) installation cost is less.
 Helps in garbage reduction.
 Disadvantages :
 Releases high amount of sulphurous gases

17. Non-renewable Resources

18. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
• A non-renewable resource is a natural
resource that is used up faster than it can be
made by nature.
• It cannot be produced, grown or generated on a
scale which can sustain how quickly it is being
consumed.
• Once it is used up, there is no more available
for future needs
• For e.g. :-Coal, Natural Gas ,Mineral Oil

19. PETROLEUM(OIL)
 Oil was formed from the remains
of animals and plants that lived
millions of years ago in a marine
(water) environment before the
dinosaurs.
 Over millions of years, the
remains of these animals and
plants were covered by layers of
sand and silt
 Heat and pressure from these
layers helped the remains turn
into what we today call crude oil.
 Disadvantages :
 Responsible for 38% of carbon dioxide in
the environment

20. COAL
 Coal is a combustible black or
brownish-black sedimentary rock
composed mostly of carbon and
hydrocarbons.
 For millions of years, a layer of
dead plants at the bottom of the
swamps was covered by layers of
water and dirt, trapping the energy
of the dead plants.
 The heat and pressure from the top
layers helped the plant remains
turn into what we today call coal .
 Disadvantages :
 Responsible for 57% of carbon dioxide in the
air.

21. URANIUM
 Nuclear energy is energy in the nucleus
(core) of an uranium-235 atom. Atoms
are tiny particles that make up every
object in the universe.
 It can be released from atoms in two
ways: nuclear fusion and nuclear
fission.
 Advantages :
 Even a small amount can release enough energy
to light-up thousand of energy for months. (1 kg
uranium-235 corresponds to 2.7 million kg coal
equivalent.)
 Disadvantages :
 After using it in nuclear reactor then also it
radioactive substances is very dangerous for
human . Eg : carbonyl accident and fukushima
plant accident.

22. Problems due to the over use
of energy resources :
• Due to population explosion, rapid
industrialization and most importantly man’s
unending desire to increase his comfort levels
and living standards, the utilization rate of all
the energy resources like coal, crude oil,
metals etc is increasing by leaps and bound.
This over utilization can cause some serious
environmental, technological, economical and
ecological problems.

23. • Following are the some of the important
problems which will arise due to over use of
energy resources:
a) Extinction of resources
b) Excessive mining of minerals and
associated problems
c) Pollution
d) Economical Effect
e) Need for development of new technology
for the use of alternative fuels

24. Conclusion
• Energy is required to do any thing.
• Resources are limited so we should use it
carefully
• We should use more solar and wind
energy than fossil fuels.