This document discusses five different network topologies: bus, ring, star, mesh, and tree. A bus topology connects all devices to a single cable or line. A ring topology connects each node to two others in a continuous pathway. A star topology connects each component to a central node like a router or switch. A mesh topology interconnects all computers and devices to allow for redundancy if connections fail. A tree topology connects computers like branches of a tree through a central connection point in a combination of bus and star topologies.