TYPES OF FLUIDFLOW
Steady flow: The flow in which the fluid characteristics
like velocity, density, pressure, etc at a point do not
change with the time.
Unsteady flow: The flow in which the fluid
characteristics like velocity, density, pressure, etc at a
point change with respect to time.
Uniform flow: The flow in which the velocity at any
given time does not change with respect to space.
Non-uniform flow: The flow in which the velocity at
any given time changes with respect to space.
3.
One dimensionalflow: The flow parameter such as
velocity is a function of time and one space co-ordinate
only, say x.
Two dimensional flow: The velocity is a function of
time and two rectangular space co-ordinates say x, y.
Three dimensional flow: The velocity is a function of
time and three mutually perpendicular space co-
ordinates .
Rotational flow: The fluid particles rotate about there
own axis while flowing along streamline.
Irrotational flow: The fluid particles don’t rotate about
there own axis while flowing along streamline.
4.
Laminar flow:The fluid particles move along well-
defined paths or streamline and all the streamlines are
straight and parallel.
Turbulent flow: The fluid particles move in random
and unpredictable paths.
Compressible flow: The density of the fluid changes
from point to point due to variation in pressure and
temperature.
Incompressible flow: The density of the fluid doesn’t
change from point to point due to variation in pressure
and temperature.
5.
Ideal flow:No shear stress between two adjacent layers
and layer and boundary.
Real flow: Existence of shear stress between two
adjacent layers and layer and boundary due to viscosity
of fluid.
Pressure flow: The fluid motion is bounded by solid
boundary from all the sides and flow occurs due to
pressure difference.
Pressure less flow: The fluid motion is bounded by
solid boundary from three sides and fourth side is open
to atmosphere. The flow occurs due to own weight of
fluid.
6.
FLUID FLOW PATTERN
Steam line: An imaginary line drawn through the flow
field such that the tangent at any point on it represent
velocity at that point.
Streak line: A line which gives an instantaneous
picture of the position of the fluid particles that have
passed through out a fixed point in the flow field.
Path line: The actual path followed by a fluid particle
in motion.
Stream tube: a fluid mass bounded by a group of
stream lines.
Flow net: A grid obtained by drawing a series of
streamlines and equipotential lines.
7.
Control volume:In fluid mechanics, solution of a
problem is found by concentrating on a fixed region
rather than a fixed mass. The volume of this region is
called control volume.
Continuity equation:
Q = A1V1 = A2V2
where, Q – Volumetric flow rate
A1 , A2 – Area of section 1 & 2
V1 , V2 – Velocity at section 1 & 2
