The document discusses methods to determine the bearing capacity of soil. It defines bearing capacity as the maximum average contact pressure between a foundation and soil without causing shear failure. It describes common field tests like plate bearing tests and standard penetration tests used to measure bearing capacity. It also discusses methods to increase the bearing capacity of black cotton soil, such as increasing foundation depth, chemical treatment, grouting, compaction, and drainage. The document provides an introduction to Terzaghi's analysis method for calculating bearing capacity.

1. Sanjivani Rural Education Society’s
Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon-423603
(An Autonomous Institute Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune)
NAAC ‘A’ Grade Accredited, ISO 9001:2015 Certified
CIA Presentation on :-
“IS Code and different apporaches apporach to determine the bearing capacity of
soil”
S.Y B.Tech (Civil)
By
Jadhav Nisha(112)
Chavan Kapil(113)
Pawar Vishal(114)
Pawar Aditya(115)
Under guidance of
Dr. S. R. Korake
Department of Civil Engineering

2. Content
• INTRODUCTION
• Definition
• Method of determine bearing capacity
• What is soil bearing capacity?
• Why is soil bearing capacity requried?
• Method of increasing soil bearing capacity of black cotton soil
• Conclusions
• References
Sy-Numerical Methods CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Mechanical Engineering

3. CIA details
• Title of Presentation:IS Code and different apporaches apporach to
determine the bearing capacity of soiName of Students
Sy- CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Civil Engineering
sr.no Roll no Name of Students
1 112 Jadhav Nisha
2 113 Chavan Kapil
3 114 Pawar Vishal
4 115 Pawar Aditya

4. INTRODUCTION
• To compute bearing capacity of soil there are different field tests are available. Field tests like Plate bearing
test,
• Standard penetration test, Pressuremeter test and Field vane shear test are generally used to determine
bearing
• capacity of soil. Because of high range of bearing capacity of soil the load for field tests is so high, similarly
the
• reaction load is much more. Hence these field tests are become laborious; heavy to handle and operate
because of
• these disadvantages these tests for small structures like detached houses, small bungalows becomes costly.
Cost of
• field tests are more as compared with the structure, so many contractors or engineers are avoiding these
tests. They
• provide approximate sizes of footing, by considering arbitrary value of allowable bearing capacity of soil
from their
• past site experience which may lead to uneconomical for foundation construction.
Sy-CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Civil Engineering

5. Definition
• The term bearing capacity qualitatively refers to the supporting
power of a soil or rock
Method of determine bearing capacity
By the use of theoretical analyses, such as Terzaghi's analysis,
Skempton analysis, Meyerhof analysis, etc.
• By the use of plate load test results.
• By the use of penetration test results.
• By the use of building codes.
Sy-CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of CIvil Engineering

6. What is soil bearing capacity?
• The Bearing Capacity of Soils is perhaps the most important of all the
topics in soil engineering
• In geotechnical engineering, Bearing Capacity is the capacity of soil to
support the loads applied to the ground. The bearing capacity of soil
is the maximum average contact pressure between the foundation
and the soil which should not produce shear failure in the soil.
• Soils behave in a complex manner when loaded so, it is important to
know the bearing capacity of soils.
Sy-CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Civil Engineering

7. Why is soil bearing capacity requried?
• The stability of foundation depends on:
1) The bearing capacity of the soil beneath the foundation.
2) The settlement of the soil beneath the foundation.
• There are, therefore, two independent stability conditions to
be fulfilled since the shearing resistance of the soil provides
the bearing capacity and the consolidation properties
determine the settlement.
Sy- CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Civil Engineering

8. Method of increasing soil bearing capacity of black
cotton soil
1) Increasing Depth of Foundation:
In granular soil the bearing capacity increases with
the depth due to the confining weight of overlying
materials.
2) Chemical Treatment:
In this treatment certain chemicals are grouted in
the place of cement grout. The chemical used is such
that it can solidify and gain early strength.
Sy-CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Civil Engineering

9. 3) Grouting:
• Bore holes in sufficient numbers are driven in the ground
and cement grout is forced through these under pressure
• Due to which the bearing capacity of soil is increased.
4) Compaction of soil:
• Due to the compaction of soil the bearing capacity of the
soil increases resulting in reduction in resting settlements
Sy- CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Civil Engineering

10. 5) Drainage of soil:
• Due to the presence of water in the soil the bearing
capacity of the soil is decreased hence by draining
out water the void ratio is improved resulting in
higher bearing capacity.
Sy-CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Civil Engineering

11. Introduction to Terzaghis Analysis IS-6403:1981
• An analysis of the condition of complete bearing capacity
failure,useually term general share force ,can be made by
assumbing that the soil behaves like an idea plastic material the
concept first devloped by prandit and lateral extended by
terosion ,meyerh of and other terosion is desire a general
bearing capacity equation from curve modification of eqution
purposed by prandit the footing is shallow also the footing is
continous that is i.e. it is a strip footing (L>SB)
• Tue footing of width ‘B’ and subjected to loading intensity . if to
cause failure.
Sy-Numerical Methods CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Mechanical Engineering

12. Sy- CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Civil Engineering
Type of soil/rock Safe/allowable bearing capacity (kn/m²)
Rock 3240
Soft rock 440
Coarse sand 440
Medium sand 245
Fine sand 440
Soft shell/stiff clay 100
Softf clay 100
Very soft clay 50

13. Conclusions
• In this study, two different approaches were proposed to
determine the ultimate bearing capacity of shallow
foundations on granular soil. Firstly, an ANN model was
proposed to predict the ultimate bearing capacity. The
performance of the proposed neural model was compared
with the results of ANFIS, ANN and FIS, which were taken in
the literature. It was clearly seen that the performance of our
proposed ANN model was better than that of the other
prediction methods.
Sy-CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Civil Engineering

14. References
• T. Wang et al. Frost jacking characteristics of screw piles by model
testing Cold Reg. Sci. Technol.(2017)
• T.E. Osterkamp et al. Pipelines and Permafrost: Science in a Cold
climateEarth-Sci. Rev.(1988)
• X. Bian et al.Centrifuge testing and numerical modeling of single pile and
long-pile groups adjacent to surcharge loads in silt soil Transp.
Geotech.(2020)
• ASCE Standard guidelines for the design and installation of pile
foundations Am. Soc. Civil Eng(1997)
• K.W. Biggar et al Time-dependent displacement behaviour of model
adfreeze and grouted piles in saline frozen soils Can. Geotech. J. (1994)
Sy-CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Civil Engineering

15. Sy-CIA Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Department of Civil Engineering