This document provides an itinerary for a trip from La Réole to Sacile in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy from Saturday, October 10 to Saturday, October 17. It includes arrival in Venice and visits to urban areas, castles, churches, and cities including Trieste, Aquileia, Grado, Sacile, and Venice. Brief descriptions are given of the town of Sacile located between the sea and mountains, its central square, and artistic techniques used in the region such as mosaics, frescoes, and oil paintings.
Museums can be an inspiration for new design challenges within a contemporary space.
Textile History wall treatments for Interior Design available to view in museums.
Museums can be an inspiration for new design challenges within a contemporary space.
Textile History wall treatments for Interior Design available to view in museums.
Chapter 21 Art History Volume 2 Stokstad & Cothren EstelaJeffery653
Chapter 21
Art History Volume 2
Stokstad & Cothren
Pearson
Italy in the Early Sixteenth
Century: The High Renaissance
• "High" constitutes an art-historical judgment in
that this period set the standards for future
movements.
• This period fused the real and the ideal.
• Oil painting became the preferred medium, and
because commissions increased from private
sources, artists no longer depended on the
patronage of the Church.
• The humanist notion of arts as intellectual
influenced and elevated artists.
Three Great Artists of the Early
Sixteenth Century
• Leonardo, Michelangelo, and Raphael
all worked their early careers in
Florence.
• Leonardo da Vinci
! The Virgin of the Rocks shows four
figures with strong chiaroscuro that
enhances their modeling.
• It is painted in the sfumato technique,
creating a smoky effect.
Leonardo da Vinci THE VIRGIN OF THE ROCKS
c. 1485. Oil on wood panel (now transferred to canvas), 6'6" × 4' (1.9 × 1.2 m).
Musée du Louvre, Paris. [Fig. 21-02]
Three Great Artists of the Early
Sixteenth Century
• Leonardo da Vinci
! The Last Supper, painted in the
refectory of Stanta Maria delle Grazie,
was a defining work of Renaissance art.
• Leonardo arranged the disciples in four
groups of three as they flank the stable,
pyramidal form of Jesus in the middle.
• The scene is set in stage-like recession,
with the orthogonals converging at the
head of Jesus.
Leonardo da Vinci THE LAST SUPPER
Refectory of the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy. 1495-1498.
Tempera and oil on plaster, 15'2" × 28'10" (4.6 × 8.8 m). [Fig. 21-04]
REFECTORY OF THE MONASTERY OF SANTA MARIA DELLE GRAZIE, SHOWING
LEONARDO'S LAST SUPPER
Milan, Italy. [Fig. 21-05]
Three Great Artists of the Early
Sixteenth Century
• The Mona Lisa is, perhaps, his most
famous work, painted about 1503–
1506.
! The distant, hazy mountains give the
subject, Lisa Gherardini del Giocondo, a
mysterious quality.
• Her direct stare and "enigmatic" smile
add to the effect.
Leonardo da Vinci MONA LISA
c. 1503-1506. Oil on wood panel, 30-1/4" × 21" (77 × 53 cm).
Musée du Louvre, Paris. (INV. 779) [Fig. 21-1]
Three Great Artist of the Early
Sixteenth Century
• Raphael
! The Small Cowper Madonna typifies the
artist's popular paintings of the Virgin
and Child.
• A pyramidal composition and clinging
draperies show the influence of da Vinci.
Raphael THE SMALL COWPER MADONNA
c. 1505. Oil on wood panel, 23-3/8" × 17-3/8" (59.5 × 44.1 cm).
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC. Widener Collection (1942.9.57) [Fig. 21-06]
Three Great Artist of the Early
Sixteenth Century
• Raphael
! Raphael's most influential work in the
papal rooms was the School of Athens in
the Stanza della Segnatura.
• Harmoniously arranged forms and
rational space complement the room in
which it was painted.
• Philosophical figures, while idealized,
have dyn ...
9. Mosaïc Decorative technique that consists in assembling small cubes of stone, marble or glass, called « tessels », to create an image. Mosaïc can cover walls or ground as well. Genesis dome Basilica St Marc, inside
10. Fresco The name of the technique comes from the Italian expression « dipingere a fresco » which means « to paint on a fresh coat ». Fresco is a wall-painting technique on a fresh coat, made of lime and sand. The colors are pigments mixed with water. Several distinct coats form the frescos : • The first coat is a roughcast put against the wall. This mortar is a mix of lime and thick sand. • The second coat is made of lime and thin sand. • The third coat receive the painting, made of pigments and water, applied with a brush in several coats. • the last coat, the calcin, results of carbonatation of the lime mortar. When it dries, it creates a protective transparent coat around the pigments, fixing them definitely.
11. Oil painting It’s a painting that uses a mix of pigment and oil to obtain a paste of different consistency. Usually painters use linen oil. An oil painting is made of several coats that can be very thin and transparent or thick. The varnish, covering the surface after painting, protects and fixes the pigments. The support can be a canvas stretched on a chassis or a copper or wood plate. Francesco Bassano, The pope Alexandre III gives the victory sword to the doge S. Ziani , 1577 - 1585, 575 x 575 cm. Antonello da Messina, dead Christ, 1475 - 1476, oil on wood, 117 x 68 cm.
13. Architecture vocabulary : Arcade - A row of arches or columns that create a covered walkway. Balcony - A small porch that sticks off a building above ground level. Column - A vertical piece of structure ( parts of the building that supports weight, a building’s skeleton). Cornice - The moulding that projects out from the top of a building. Dome - A rounded roof, with a circular base, shaped like an arch in all directions. Facade - The outside “ face” of the building. Pediment - Top of a facade, window or arch. Roof - The top of a building which protects the inside from the weather. Window - An opening in a wall that lets in light and air.
14. Artistic techniques Book « l’image au collège » Mosaïc p.85 Oil on wood p. 93 Oil on canvas p. 97 Fresco p. 99